感到消沉、焦慮或者生氣的時(shí)候,明明不餓,卻還是不停地往嘴里塞珍珠奶茶方便面。熬夜“修仙”太無聊,隨手打開外賣app,點(diǎn)上燒烤和炸雞。如果這些情景似曾相識(shí),那么你多多少少已經(jīng)體驗(yàn)過情緒化進(jìn)食了。這種吃法是解決煩惱的萬靈藥,還是徒增肥胖煩惱的罪魁禍?zhǔn)祝?/p>
「極養(yǎng)視界」科普實(shí)驗(yàn)室 原創(chuàng)出品
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文章|Ziming Dou MS
校稿|Haoran PHD 編審|Xinyin PHD
編輯|Jiaqi Xu BS, RD 設(shè)計(jì)|Fay
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難度:★★☆☆☆ 類型:綜述 字?jǐn)?shù):2367
文章綱要
何以解憂,唯有吃飯?
體重秤數(shù)字背后的負(fù)面情緒
拿什么拯救情緒化進(jìn)食?
極養(yǎng)視點(diǎn)
小科普 >>> DEBQ是由荷蘭心理學(xué)家Tatjana Van Strien等人編制的自評(píng)量表。這其中包括三個(gè)分量表,用來測(cè)量三種飲食行為:情緒性進(jìn)食(EES)、限制性進(jìn)食和外因性進(jìn)食。EES羅列了容易引發(fā)情緒化進(jìn)食的常見情緒,綜合評(píng)估人們的情緒化進(jìn)食傾向。分?jǐn)?shù)越高的人,越容易在負(fù)面情緒的引導(dǎo)下“大吃特吃”[2]。
小科普 >>> HPA軸:神經(jīng)內(nèi)分泌系統(tǒng)的重要部分,參與控制應(yīng)激的反應(yīng),并調(diào)節(jié)消化、免疫系統(tǒng)、情緒、性行為、以及能量貯存和消耗等身體活動(dòng)。當(dāng)壓力來襲,這個(gè)“傳話系統(tǒng)” 被激活,下丘腦開始分泌促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素釋放激素(CRH),CRH督促腦垂體分泌促腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素(ACTH),而ACTH進(jìn)一步促進(jìn)腎上腺分泌并釋放糖皮質(zhì)激素來調(diào)節(jié)身體的應(yīng)激反應(yīng)。 皮質(zhì)醇:是糖皮質(zhì)激素的一種,又稱“壓力荷爾蒙”,有提高血壓、血糖水平和產(chǎn)生免疫抑制的作用。長(zhǎng)期壓力導(dǎo)致的皮質(zhì)醇水平偏高會(huì)導(dǎo)致血糖升高、食欲增加和體重上升等負(fù)面作用。
▲HPA軸[4]
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情緒性進(jìn)食是因抑郁、壓力、焦慮等負(fù)面情緒狀態(tài)引起的進(jìn)食行為。
情緒性進(jìn)食與肥胖息息相關(guān)。情緒性進(jìn)食可能是抑郁癥與肥胖癥之間的一種中介行為機(jī)制;睡眠時(shí)間短與頻繁的情緒性進(jìn)食行為會(huì)共同導(dǎo)致體重增加。
一些情緒管理的干預(yù)療法,包括正念、接納與承諾療法等可能對(duì)情緒性進(jìn)食起到幫助作用。增加睡眠時(shí)間與提升運(yùn)動(dòng)量也有助于改善情緒性進(jìn)食者的飲食選擇。
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參考文獻(xiàn)
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