我國古代住宅文化中有“一門二房三客廳”之說，可見大門對家運起到非常重要的作用。There is a saying of "one door, two rooms and three living rooms" in ancient Chinese residential culture, which shows that the gate plays a very important role in home transportation.門根據(jù)制作材料，可以分為木門、柴門、鐵門和銅門；門根據(jù)表面顏色與裝飾，可以分為原色門、紅門（朱門）、黃門、白門、黑門以及雕花門等等。The door can be divided into wooden door, firewood door, iron door and copper door according to the production materials; According to the surface color and decoration, doors can be divided into primary color doors, red doors (red doors), yellow doors, white doors, black doors and carved doors.
大門是家庭通往社會的必經(jīng)之處，古時有著高貴與低賤的懸殊區(qū)分，富貴人家謂之豪門，富貴人家的孩子自然就是豪門子弟；貧窮人家謂之寒門，貧窮人家的學(xué)生往往稱之為寒門學(xué)子。The gate is the only way for a family to enter the society. In ancient times, there was a great difference between nobility and lowliness. The rich and noble families were called the rich families, and the children of the rich and noble families were naturally the children of the rich families; Poor people call them poor students, and students from poor people often call them poor students.
人們通過門窗，認識和接觸外面的世界。古往今來，文人墨客們吟詩作畫，將門寫進詩里，繪入畫中，留下了許多精彩絕倫的篇章。People know and contact the outside world through doors and windows. Throughout the ages, literati and writers wrote poems and painted pictures, wrote the door into poems and paintings, leaving many wonderful chapters.
朱門，指古代王侯貴族的府第大門漆成紅色，以示尊貴，后來以“朱門”泛指富貴人家。Zhumen refers to the doors of ancient princes and nobles' houses painted red to show their dignity. Later, "Zhumen" generally refers to rich and noble families.
晉朝葛洪在其《抱樸子·嘉遯》里有：“背朝華於朱門，保恬寂乎蓬戶”之句。Ge Hong in the Jin Dynasty wrote in his "Baopuzi Jiatun": "Back to Zhumen, keep peace and stay in the Penghu".
“朱門酒肉臭，肉有凍死骨”出自杜甫的《自京赴奉先縣詠懷五百字》，意思是貴族人家里的酒肉吃不完都放臭了，窮人們卻在街頭因挨餓受凍而死。"The wine and meat of Zhumen stink, and the meat has frozen bones" is from Du Fu's "Five Hundred Words of Chanting Huai from Beijing to Fengxian County", which means that the wine and meat in the noble's house stink when they can't eat enough, but the poor people die in the street because of hunger and cold.
"Zhumen" is similar to "Haomen" and "Houmen".
與豪門有關(guān)的古詩詞有唐朝詩人司馬扎的《蠶女》：The ancient poems related to the rich families include Silkworm Girl by Tang Dynasty poet Simaza:“養(yǎng)蠶先養(yǎng)桑，蠶老人亦衰。茍無園中葉，安得機上絲。妾家非豪門，官賦日相追。鳴梭夜達曉，猶恐不及時。但憂蠶與桑，敢問結(jié)發(fā)期。東鄰女新嫁，照鏡弄蛾眉。”與“侯門”有關(guān)的古詩詞有晚唐風(fēng)流才子杜牧《洛陽》：The ancient poems related to "Hou Men" include Luoyang written by Du Mu, a talented scholar in the late Tang Dynasty:文爭武戰(zhàn)就神功，時似開元天寶中。已建玄戈收相土，應(yīng)回翠帽過離宮。侯門草滿宜寒兔，洛浦沙深下塞鴻。疑有女蛾西望處，上陽煙樹正秋風(fēng)。還有唐朝詩人崔郊的《贈去婢》“一入侯門深似海，從此蕭郎是路人”。There is also the Tang Dynasty poet Cui Jiao's "Give Your Maidservant". "Once entering the Marquis Gate, it is as deep as the sea. Since then, Xiao Lang has been a passer-by.".
蓬門 （宋）林昉新筍綠沿坡，蓬門誰見過。社寒來燕少，晚雨落花多。瘦骨詩醫(yī)俗，衰容酒借和。故園空有夢，客路正風(fēng)波。蓬門，用蓬草編成的門，借指貧苦人家。這首五律詩《蓬門》，應(yīng)該是描寫林昉客居異地鄉(xiāng)村，早春二月，咋暖還寒，基本上還沒有看到春燕歸來，但雨后春筍撥地而起，落英繽紛。
Pengmen, a door made of tarpaulin, refers to poor people. This pentameter poem "Pengmen" should describe Lin Fang's guest residence in a different country. In early spring and February, when it was still warm and cold, the spring swallows have not basically returned, but they have sprung up after a rain and fallen in profusion.林昉寄居的人家雖然不甚富裕，但也是耕讀之家，不僅知書達禮，還有把酒吟詩的雅興。故鄉(xiāng)遙遠，戰(zhàn)亂頻仍，在這樣的蓬門之家生活，其實可以知足常樂了。Although Lin Fang's family is not very rich, it is also a home of farming and reading. It not only knows how to read books, but also has the elegant taste of drinking and intoning poems. My hometown is far away, and wars are still frequent. It's really satisfying to live in such a Pengmen family.
與“蓬門”有關(guān)的詩句還有南北朝謝莊《懷園引》“青苔蕪石路,宿草塵蓬門”；There are also poems related to "Pengmen" in the Huaiyuan Guide by Xie Zhuang of the Northern and Southern Dynasties, "moss on the stone road, and grass on the Pengmen";
唐朝詩圣杜甫《客至》“花徑不曾緣客掃，蓬門今始為君開”；The poem "Visitor's Arrival" by Du Fu, the poet of the Tang Dynasty, "The path of flowers was never swept by visitors, and the Pengmen has been opened for you since then";
唐朝白居易《小庭亦有月》“長跪謝貴客，蓬門勞見過”；Bai Juyi of the Tang Dynasty, "There is a Moon in a Small Courtyard", "Long kneel to thank distinguished guests, Pengmen Lao has seen it";
唐朝秦韜玉《貧女》“蓬門未識綺羅香,擬托良媒益自傷”。In Poor Girl written by Qin Taoyu of the Tang Dynasty, "Pengmen did not know the fragrance of beautiful flowers and intended to hurt themselves by good media".
而與“蓬門”意思相近的，還有“柴門”，即用木柴做的門，也是借指清貧人家。Similar to the meaning of "Pengmen", there is also "Chaimen", a door made of firewood, which also refers to poor people.
唐朝詩人劉長卿有《逢雪宿芙蓉山主人》：“日暮蒼山遠，天寒白屋貧。柴門聞犬吠，風(fēng)雪夜歸人?！?/span>Liu Changqing, a poet of the Tang Dynasty, once wrote "Sleeping at the master of Furong Mountain in the snow": "The mountains are far away at dusk, and the white houses are poor in cold weather. When the dogs bark at the firewood gate, they return at night in the snow."
浣溪沙·游蘄水清泉寺宋 · 蘇軾山下蘭芽短浸溪，松間沙路凈無泥，蕭蕭暮雨子規(guī)啼。誰道人生無再少？門前流水尚能西！休將白發(fā)唱黃雞。蘇軾貶謫黃州時曾與醫(yī)人龐安時同游當時的蘄水縣清泉寺，有感而發(fā)，創(chuàng)作了這首詞。When he was relegated to Huangzhou, Su Shi once visited Qingquan Temple in Qishui County with Pang Anshi, a doctor.
該詞通過對清泉寺四周幽雅景物的描寫，闡述了人生在世應(yīng)該珍惜時光、有所作為的道理，如果虛度光陰、暗自嗟嘆，是沒有任何意義的。Through the description of the elegant scenery around the Qingquan Temple, the word expounds the truth that we should cherish time and make a difference in life. It is meaningless to waste time and groan secretly.
“誰道人生無再少，門前流水尚能西”中的“門”，應(yīng)該是指寺廟之門，一般廟宇建筑以及大門都是黃色，與皇家顏色相似。The "gate" in "Who knows that life is never too little, and the flowing water in front of the gate can still flow to the west" should refer to the gate of the temple. General temple buildings and gates are yellow, similar to the royal color.
與“寺門”、“廟門”相關(guān)的古詩詞還有唐朝著名苦吟詩人賈島《題李凝幽居》有“鳥宿池邊樹，僧敲月下門”；The ancient poems related to the "temple gate" and "temple gate", as well as Jia Dao, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, who wrote about Li Ning's seclusion, said that "birds stay in the trees by the pool, while monks knock at the moon gate";
唐朝“丑男”詩人宋之問《靈隱寺》“鷲嶺郁岧峣，龍宮鎖寂寥。樓觀滄海日，門對浙江潮。桂子月中落，天香云外飄”等等。Song Zhiwen, an "ugly man" poet of the Tang Dynasty, wrote "Lingyin Temple", "The vulture ridge is full of gloom, the dragon palace is locked in solitude, the building looks at the sea day, the door faces the Zhejiang tide, the laurel son is at the middle of the moon, and the fragrance of heaven is floating outside", and so on.
China has a long history; The Chinese culture is broad and profound.
單就一個“門”字，就有諸多說道講究。而與門有關(guān)的古詩詞，則更是五花八門，異彩紛呈。Just a word "door", there are many people who are particular about it. The ancient poems related to the door are more colorful.
在古詩詞里，有的門庭若市，熙熙攘攘；有的門可羅雀，冷冷清清。有的大門緊閉，高墻深院，神秘莫測；有的大門洞開，長驅(qū)直入，一往無前。In ancient poetry, some people are crowded and bustling; Some of them are deserted. Some doors are closed, walls are deep and mysterious; Some of the gates are open, driving straight in.
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