立春，是二十四節(jié)氣之一，又稱“打春”，“立”是“開始”的意思，中國以立春為春季的開始，每年2月4日或5日太陽到達黃經(jīng)315度時為立春。那么，“立春”的英語怎么說呢？ 立春：Beginning of Spring （ Start of Spring）是不是很簡單的說法呢？我們在上文提到過，“立”表示的就是“開始”的意思，因此在英語中，我們就用很簡單的“begin”一詞了。此外，我們還可以用Spring Begins來指“立春”。那以此類推，summer begins、autumn begins、以及winter begins就分別是立夏、立秋、立冬了。 立春這天有啥習俗？會吃啥？
'Lichun' -- literally, the 'beginning of the spring' -- the first day of the first of the 24 divisions of the solar year according to the traditional Chinese calendar.
The traditional Chinese lunar calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Beginning of Spring or Start of Spring(Chinese: 立春), the first solar term of the year, begins this year on Feb 4 and ends on Feb 18.
傳統(tǒng)的中國農(nóng)歷將一年分為24個節(jié)氣，“立春”是一年中的第一個節(jié)氣。今年的“立春”節(jié)氣從2月4日始，到18日結(jié)束。
Start of Spring lifts the curtain of spring. After that everything turns green and full of vigor; people clearly see that the daytime is becoming longer and the weather is becoming warmer.
“立春”拉開了春季的帷幕。此后萬物復(fù)蘇，充滿勃勃生機。人們也能明顯感覺到白天開始變長，天氣回暖。
Here are nine things you should know about Start of Spring.
以下是關(guān)于“立春”你應(yīng)該知道的9件事。
Start of Spring and Spring Festival
立春和春節(jié)
As a solar term, Start of Spring had already entered people's lives in the Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC). At that time, there were eight solar terms. According to some experts, the24 solar terms were used for the first time in books during the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-AD 24), when the Start of Spring was set as the Spring Festival. In 1913, the first day of the first month of the lunar year was mandated as the Spring Festival.
作為24節(jié)氣之一，“立春”從春秋時期就走進了人們的生活。那時，一年分為8個節(jié)氣。據(jù)專家所說，24節(jié)氣首次出現(xiàn)在史書上是在西漢，當時“立春”被定為春節(jié)。1913年，農(nóng)歷元月首日才被定為春節(jié)。
Flying a kite
放風箏
Spring is the best season for kite-flying. A traditional folk activity, it has a history of more than 2,000 years. It can help build one’s health and prevent diseases. It also has the effect of promoting blood circulation and speeding up metabolism. A breath of fresh air outside can discharge the foul smell accumulated in winter.
春季最適合放風箏。作為一種傳統(tǒng)的民間活動，放風箏已經(jīng)有兩千多年的歷史了。放風箏有益健康，可以預(yù)防疾病，還可以促進血液循環(huán)，加快新陳代謝。呼吸室外新鮮空氣，可以排出冬季身體里積攢的陳舊氣味。
Erecting the egg
立雞蛋
In China, it is said that the egg can be set upright on the first day of the Start of Spring, Spring Equinox day and Autumn Equinox day. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand on the first day of Start of Spring, he will have good luck in the future.
按中國民間說法，立春、春分和秋分時，雞蛋很容易豎起來。人們認為在立春能把雞蛋豎起來的人，來年有好運。
According to astronomers and physicists, setting the egg upright has nothing to do with time, but with mechanics. The most important thing is to shift the egg’s center of gravity to the lowest part of the egg. In this way, the trick is holding the egg until the yolk sinks as much as possible. For this, people should choose an egg about 4 or 5 days old, whose yolk is inclined to sink down.
據(jù)天文學(xué)家和物理學(xué)家所說，豎雞蛋和時間沒有關(guān)系，只與力學(xué)有關(guān)。關(guān)鍵是把雞蛋的重心移到最低點，握住雞蛋，盡量讓蛋黃下沉。還要挑選已經(jīng)下了四五天，蛋黃容易下沉的雞蛋。
Wearing fabric swallows
“佩燕子”
Wearing fabric swallows is a custom in some regions in Shaanxi. Every Start of Spring, people like to wear a swallow made of colorful silk on their chests. The custom originated during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). The swallow is a harbinger of spring and a symbol of prosperity and happiness.
陜西某些地方立春時節(jié)有“佩燕子”的風俗。每年立春，人們喜歡在胸前佩戴用彩綢剪成的“燕子”，這種風俗起自唐代。因為燕子是報春的使者，也是幸福吉利的象征。
Biting the spring
“咬春”
In many parts of China, people observe the custom of 'biting the spring' on the first day of Start of Spring. They eat spring pancakes, spring rolls, or a few mouthfuls of carrots.
立春這一天，中國很多地方有“咬春”的風俗。人們吃春餅、春卷，或者咬幾口胡蘿卜
Making a Spring Ox
糊春牛
This custom in Shaanxi is practiced right before the Start of Spring. The local government hires some skilled artisans and gathers them to build the frame of an ox out of bamboo strips and the legs with wood. Then they paste some paper and paint onto it—and, voila! The image of an ox is complete. It is said that if more red and yellow paper is used, then there will be a good harvest that year; if black paper is pasted, then the year will be poor. When the paper ox is ready, there is a ritual to paint the eyes. After that, people will set up an altar for it and worship it.
糊春牛這項陜西的風俗活動是在立春前開始進行的，按傳統(tǒng)的作法，由縣政府(縣衙)聘請紙扎能手好匠，于立春前到縣城聚會，精心制作春牛圖像。一般用竹篾綁成牛的骨架，用春木做腿，再糊上紙，涂上顏料，一個牛的形象就制作成功了。俗謂糊上紅黃色的紙多，當年就“五谷豐收”;糊上黑色紙，當年收成不好。春牛糊好后，舉行開光點睛儀式，即設(shè)立香案，頂禮朝拜。
Posting spring calligraphy and paintings
剪春花貼春字
The custom of posting calligraphy and paintings on one's door in the spring first appeared during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). People would do so to welcome spring and pray for good luck on the first day of Start of Spring.
在門上剪春花貼春字的習俗源自唐朝。人們以此表達迎接春天到來之意，并祈求好運降臨。
Appreciating plum blossoms
賞梅
Plums blossom from the 12th lunar month to the second month of the next year. The plum blossom, as it fights against the cold, is the most highly regarded. In China, the plum blossom, orchid, bamboo and chrysanthemum are praised as the four gentlemen of Chinese flowers.
梅花從農(nóng)歷寒冬臘月開到第二年二月，梅花與嚴寒抗爭，備受尊重。梅蘭竹菊在中國被稱為“花中四君子”。
Welcoming spring
“拜春”
People in China began holding a special ceremony on the first day of Start of Spring about 3,000 years ago. They made sacrifices to Gou Mang, the god of Spring, who is in charge of agriculture. By the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911), greeting spring had become an important folk activity. In Beijing, government officials welcomed spring in the wild field near Dongzhimen (the east gate of Beijing).
三千年前，中國人就開始舉行迎春儀式了。人們拜祭主宰農(nóng)業(yè)的春神“句芒”。清朝時，“拜春”成為重要的民間活動。明清時京兆尹和各府衙官員，都必須去“東郊”的東直門外五里的“春場”去迎春。
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