*僅供醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士參考閱讀
一項網(wǎng)狀薈萃分析評估不同聯(lián)合方案對耐碳青霉烯類革蘭陰性菌感染協(xié)同殺菌效應(yīng),共納入136項研究的180多種聯(lián)合方案。最常用聯(lián)合方案是多黏菌素和碳青霉烯類。研究結(jié)果顯示:碳青霉烯聯(lián)合氨基糖苷類/或聯(lián)合多黏菌素B等對CRKP具有較高協(xié)同效應(yīng)。
此外,多項研究均顯示,以碳青霉烯為基礎(chǔ)聯(lián)合方案對CRKP菌株的協(xié)同殺菌效應(yīng),尤其是針對產(chǎn)KPC酶的CRKP。需要注意的是,近期完成的一項前瞻性研究,旨在分析菌株對抗菌藥物的敏感性與磷霉素聯(lián)合美羅培南協(xié)同效應(yīng)分析,發(fā)現(xiàn)美羅培南聯(lián)合磷霉素方案存在顯著協(xié)同作用。
一項旨在評價多黏菌素B分別與美羅培南、利福平聯(lián)合用藥對臨床分離的CRKP的體外抗菌作用的研究,采用肉湯稀釋法和棋盤稀釋法測定多黏菌素B分別聯(lián)用美羅培南和利福平對20株臨床分離的CRKP的最低抑菌濃度,并計算部分抑菌濃度指數(shù)的研究。研究結(jié)果顯示:多黏菌素B與美羅培南聯(lián)用后,協(xié)同作用為55%,相加作用為45%;多黏菌素B與美羅培南聯(lián)用后,多黏菌素B的MIC 50與MIC 90均為單藥的1/4,美羅培南的MIC 50與MIC 90為單藥的1/32和1/4,對于CRKP,美羅培南和多黏菌素B聯(lián)用發(fā)揮協(xié)同,兩者的MIC顯著降低。
一項旨在分析分離菌株對抗菌藥物的敏感性與磷霉素聯(lián)合美羅培南協(xié)同效應(yīng)的前瞻性研究,納入對β-內(nèi)酰胺類和黏菌素耐藥革蘭氏陰性菌株,研究發(fā)現(xiàn)美羅培南聯(lián)合磷霉素方案針對CRE具有協(xié)同作用,美羅培南聯(lián)合后的MIC值至少降低8倍以上。
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