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在主句中做賓語(yǔ)的從句叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。

如：She knew that the teacher had seen the film.

“that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的賓語(yǔ)，同時(shí)又是由連接詞 that 引導(dǎo)的從句，所以它叫做賓語(yǔ)從句。

1.動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它是位于動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。

如：He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class．他問(wèn)我們班上誰(shuí)的書(shū)法最好。

2.介詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它是位于介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。

如：I agree with what you said just now.我同意你剛才說(shuō)的話。

3.形容詞賓語(yǔ)從句：顧名思義，它是位于形容詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句。

如：I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要遲到了。

1.that:沒(méi)有含義，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分

2.whether/if:表示是否，在賓語(yǔ)從句中不做成分。

I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后，他是否還住在這里。

3.連接代詞：what, which, who, whom, whose（在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主、賓、表和定語(yǔ)）

連接副詞：where, when, how, why（在賓語(yǔ)從句中做狀語(yǔ)）

The small children don't know what is in their stockings．（what 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做主語(yǔ)）

Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning？（why 在賓語(yǔ)從句中做原因狀語(yǔ)）

1.時(shí)態(tài)：

①當(dāng)主句是現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時(shí)態(tài)。

I don't know when he will come back．我不知道他將何時(shí)回來(lái)。

He tells me that his sister came back yesterday．他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來(lái)了。

②當(dāng)主句是過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)從句必須是一種過(guò)去的時(shí)態(tài)。

She asked me if I knew whose pen it was．她問(wèn)我是否知道這是誰(shuí)的鋼筆。

He said that he could finish his work before supper．他說(shuō)他會(huì)在晚飯前完成工作。

③當(dāng)表示客觀事實(shí)或普遍真理的句子做賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，任何時(shí)候都用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。

The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun．老師說(shuō)過(guò)地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。

2.語(yǔ)序：任何從句都使用陳述句語(yǔ)序，賓語(yǔ)從句當(dāng)然也不例外。

小簡(jiǎn)老師講的以上內(nèi)容足夠同學(xué)們應(yīng)付中考了。在高中階段，賓語(yǔ)從句還會(huì)在這些內(nèi)容上進(jìn)行擴(kuò)充，所以，同學(xué)們一定要在初中時(shí)打下良好基礎(chǔ)，這樣在高中再學(xué)英語(yǔ)時(shí)就不會(huì)手忙腳亂了。

讓我們來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單做幾道習(xí)題鞏固一下吧：

1.The girls asked if they ____ some food and drink with them.

A. took

B. take

C. takes

D. will take

2.Catherine said that she ___ to Guangzhou.

A. has never gone

B. had never gone

C. has never been

D. had never been

3.The students want to know whether they___ dictation（聽(tīng)寫）today.

A. had

B. has

C. will have

D. are

4.She asked Linda if___ go and get some.

A. could she

B. she could

C. she can

D. she may

5 Linda said the moon___ round the earth.

A. travelled

B. has travelled

C. travels

D. had travelled

key:A D C B C