今天是中國共產(chǎn)黨成立100周年紀念日，我們以學(xué)習(xí)優(yōu)秀黨史展陳文字翻譯的特殊方式，為黨慶生。
*以下原文、譯文和圖片均來自中共一大紀念館，由譯品譯味團隊拍攝整理。
偉大的開端
中國共產(chǎn)黨創(chuàng)建歷史陳列
EPOCH-MAKING BEGINNINGS: FOUNDING OF THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA
中華民族有五千多年的文明歷史，創(chuàng)造了燦爛的中華文明，為人類作出了卓越的貢獻。
Chinese history twists its way through over 5000 years. As the world’s oldest surviving civilization, China has gifted the world many wonderful things through the millennia.
賞析：
你是否也和小編一樣，看到“有……年歷史”只能想到have/boast a history of … years？原來還可以用twist its way through … years這樣生動的表達。
本句的意群劃分也值得學(xué)習(xí)，譯文沒有用簡單的并列來處理三個小句，而將其中一個意群處理為as結(jié)構(gòu)，讓原文的后兩個分句有了合理的邏輯關(guān)系。
“作出卓越貢獻”沒有簡單處理為make significant contributions，而是表述為gift the world many wonderful things，表達新穎，更具文采。
1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭后，由于外國列強的入侵和封建統(tǒng)治的腐朽，中國逐漸成為半殖民地半封建國家，中華民族遭受了前所未有的苦難。
The First Opium War of 1840, however, marked a watershed in the nation's development path. China gradually descended into a semi-colonised state, under the crushing weight of invading Western powers. The Chinese people suffered unprecedented tragedy under the colonial yoke and the corrupt Qing court.
賞析：
本句承接上一句，譯者增加however這一轉(zhuǎn)折詞，讓過渡更自然。
“由于外國列強的入侵和封建統(tǒng)治的腐朽”這一分句也沒有簡單處理為原因，而用under一詞隱含因果關(guān)系。
此外，crushing weight、colonial yoke等表達值得學(xué)習(xí)。
新文化運動掀起思想解放的浪潮，五四運動以全民族的行動激發(fā)了人民大眾追求真理和進步的偉大覺醒。
To enlighten the Chinese populace of modern science and democracy, they launched the New Culture Movement in 1915, which culminated in the May Fourth Movement of 1919. On May 4, 1919, indignant Chinese youth took to the streets of Beijing to protest against Allied Powers granting the former German concessions in Shandong province to Japan through the Treaty of Versailles.
賞析：
這句譯文補充了新文化運動和五四運動的時間，還用一句話介紹了五四運動，為外國參觀者補充歷史信息。
譯文沒有遵照原文的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，而是另起爐灶：將“激發(fā)了人民大眾追求真理和進步的偉大覺醒”作為目的，以they(Chinese intellectuals)作為主語，用which從句銜接前后兩句，邏輯順暢，層次分明。
1921年中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會召開，宣告中國共產(chǎn)黨正式成立。
The Communist Party of China (CPC) was officially established in July 1921, when the first congress of the CPC was convened here in Shanghai.
賞析：
如果是小編來翻譯這句話，估計會苦苦思索“宣告”該怎么翻譯？announce？declare？譯文用了when結(jié)構(gòu)，讓人眼前一亮。
反向思考，英譯漢時如果遇到when句式，也不是每次都要翻譯為“當(dāng)……時”，可以嘗試其他靈活表述。
中國共產(chǎn)黨團結(jié)帶領(lǐng)全國各族人民，為實現(xiàn)民族獨立、人民解放和國家富強、人民幸福，艱辛探索，接續(xù)奮斗，推動中華民族迎來從站起來、富起來到強起來的偉大飛躍。
The CPC rallied the people of China, leading them through two bitter civil wars launched by the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang) and a 14-year-long war against imperialist Japanese aggression before gaining full national independence and restoring China to its rightful position on the world stage. Over the next seven decades, the CPC guided the nation towards prosperity, helping the country rise up from the ashes of war and devastation, and building China into the second largest economy in the world.
賞析：
譯文化虛為實，將“民族獨立、人民解放”、“從站起來、富起來到強起來”等表達的含義具體闡釋出來。
結(jié)構(gòu)的選擇很巧妙，如用before連接先后動作，增加over the next seven decades，讓過渡更自然。
1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭打斷了中國社會的發(fā)展進程。外國侵略者用堅船利炮迫使清政府簽訂一個又一個喪權(quán)辱國的不平等條約。帝國主義勢力與封建統(tǒng)治階級相互勾結(jié)，殘酷剝削壓迫中國人民。山河破碎，生靈涂炭，中國逐漸喪失獨立的地位，成為半殖民地半封建國家。
The First Opium War of 1840 was a watershed moment in modern Chinese history. Great Britain, and other foreign powers following at their heels, bullied their way into China, and imposed their will and unequal treaties on the hapless nation through brutal force. The country would suffer humiliating losses of sovereignty from then on, and descend into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society. The Chinese people would suffer greatly under the colonial yoke and the corrupt Qing court.
賞析：
本段除了學(xué)習(xí)如何化解“堅船利炮”、“山河破碎，生靈涂炭”這類四字格修飾語，還有一點值得探究：如何讓信息順暢流動。
第一句說明The First Opium War of 1840是中國近代史的分水嶺(watershed moment)；第三句用from then on緊扣1840年這一時間點，用would時態(tài)巧妙表達中國后續(xù)出現(xiàn)的變化：suffer humiliating losses of sovereignty，descend into a semi-feudal and semi-colonial society。
孫中山（1966-1925），本名孫文，號逸仙。廣東香山（今中山市）人，偉大的民族英雄、偉大的愛國主義者、中國民主革命的偉大先驅(qū)。
Sun Yat-sen (born Sun Wen in present-day Zhongshan, Guangdong, 1866-1925) was a great Chinese patriot and forerunner of China’s democratic revolutions.
賞析：
本句對中文短句信息的整合值得學(xué)習(xí)。
“本名”怎么說，你學(xué)會了嗎？
北洋軍閥的黑暗統(tǒng)治
BEIYANG GOVERNMENT: A DARK PAGE
五四的怒吼
THE MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT
賞析：
標(biāo)題的處理很有講究，同時還要考慮展板的空間。
如果空間足夠，也許“五四的怒吼”可以和上一個標(biāo)題統(tǒng)一結(jié)構(gòu)，比如THE MAY FOURTH MOVEMENT: A WAVE OF INDIGNANT PROTEST。
民主自由的學(xué)風(fēng)，吸引大批新式知識分子匯集北京大學(xué)。圖為1918年落成的北大紅樓。
Peking University Red Building, 1918. PKU brought together a large community of luminaries through unfettered academic freedom.
賞析：
特殊格式的使用：用斜體指代圖片，省去翻譯“圖為”兩字。
1919年，李大釗把《新青年》第6卷第5號編成“馬克思研究專號”，集中刊登介紹馬克思主義的文章，并發(fā)表自己的長篇文章《我的馬克思主義觀》。
In 1919, Li Dazhao dedicated Vol.6, No.5 of La Jeunesse to Marxist studies, running a series of articles on Marxism, including his own treatise “My View on Marxism”.
賞析：
“馬克思研究專號”這類看似是專有名詞或特殊稱呼，翻譯時可以用解釋的方式處理。
英文用including巧妙連接，邏輯更順暢，表述更簡潔。
1921年7月23日，中國共產(chǎn)黨第一次全國代表大會在上海開幕。中共一大的召開，宣告中國共產(chǎn)黨正式成立。……這一開天辟地的大事變，給災(zāi)難深重的中國人民帶來了光明和希望。自從有了中國共產(chǎn)黨，中國革命的面目煥然一新。
On July 23, 1921, the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China opened in Shanghai. The event marked the official establishment of the Communist Party of China ... This is a ground-breaking event in the history of China, bringing light and hope to the disaster-ridden people in an old and backward country. Since the establishment of the Communist Party of China, Chinese revolution took a new turn to embrace a bright future.
千秋偉業(yè)，百年恰是風(fēng)華正茂。
The past 100 years is but a glorious beginning for the CPC’s long march.
中共一大紀念館展陳文字譯介由上海外國語大學(xué)教師團隊完成。他們用受眾樂于接受、輕松易懂的語言，讓外國參觀者更好地了解中國和中國共產(chǎn)黨故事。這就是翻譯的力量！
聯(lián)系客服
