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　　雖然染發(fā)劑或柔順劑可使頭發(fā)變得五顏六色或飄逸柔順，但是也可增加乳腺癌風險。不過，既往針對不同對象的研究結果大相徑庭。

　　2017年6月9日，牛津大學出版社旗下《致癌作用》在線發(fā)表羅格斯大學公共衛(wèi)生學院、新澤西癌癥研究所、羅伯特伍德約翰遜醫(yī)學院、羅斯韋爾帕克癌癥研究所、麻省總醫(yī)院、哈佛醫(yī)學院、莫菲特癌癥中心的研究報告，發(fā)現(xiàn)不同染發(fā)柔順產(chǎn)品不同使用模式可不同程度增加不同人群不同乳腺癌的風險。

　　該研究調查了2280位乳腺癌女性患者（1508位黑人、772位白人）和2005位無乳腺癌女性對照者（1290位黑人、715位白人）不同染發(fā)柔順產(chǎn)品不同使用模式與不同乳腺癌的相關性，采用多變量校正模型，對風險比值比和95%置信區(qū)間進行了估算。

　　結果發(fā)現(xiàn)：

• 在對照女性中，白人使用染發(fā)劑較多（58%比30%），黑人使用柔順劑（88%比5%）和深層護發(fā)素（59%比6%）較多。

• 在黑人女性中，使用深色染發(fā)劑者的乳腺癌、雌激素受體陽性乳腺癌風險分別增加1.51倍、1.72倍（95%置信區(qū)間：1.20～1.90、1.30～2.26），使用率高者（每年超過兩次）的雌激素受體陽性乳腺癌風險增加1.36倍（95%置信區(qū)間：1.01～1.84）。

• 在白人女性中，使用柔順劑者、同時使用柔順劑＋染發(fā)劑者的乳腺癌風險分別增加1.74倍、2.40倍（95%置信區(qū)間：1.11～2.74、1.35～4.27），使用深色染發(fā)劑者的雌激素受體陽性乳腺癌風險增加1.54倍（95%置信區(qū)間：1.01～2.33），使用柔順劑者的雌激素受體陰性乳腺癌風險增加2.56倍（95%置信區(qū)間：1.06～6.16）。

　　因此，這些新發(fā)現(xiàn)為某些染發(fā)柔順產(chǎn)品與乳腺癌之間的相關性提供了證據(jù)，有必要進一步調查染發(fā)柔順產(chǎn)品對乳腺癌的致癌作用。

Carcinogenesis. 2017 Jun 9. [Epub ahead of print]

Hair product use and breast cancer risk among African American and White women.

Llanos AAM, Rabkin A, Bandera EV, Zirpoli G, Gonzalez BD, Xing CY, Qin B, Lin Y, Hong CC, Demissie K, Ambrosone CB.

Rutgers School of Public Health, Piscataway, NJ; Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ; Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ; Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY; Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Moffitt Cancer Center, Tampa, FL.

Exposures to carcinogens in hair products have been explored as breast cancer risk factors, yielding equivocal findings. We examined hair product use (hair dyes, chemical relaxers and cholesterol or placenta-containing conditioners) among African American (AA) and White women, and explored associations with breast cancer. Multivariable-adjusted models were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to describe the associations of interest among 2,280 cases (1,508 AA and 772 White) and 2,005 controls (1,290 AA and 715 White). Among controls, hair dye use was more common among Whites than AAs (58% vs. 30%), while relaxer (88% vs. 5%) and deep conditioner use (59% vs. 6%) was more common among AAs. Among AAs, use of dark hair dye shades was associated with increased breast cancer risk (OR=1.51, 95% CI: 1.20-1.90) and use of dark shades (OR=1.72, 95% CI: 1.30-2.26) and higher frequency of use (OR=1.36, 95% CI: 1.01-1.84) were associated with ER+ disease. Among Whites, relaxer use (OR=1.74, 95% CI: 1.11-2.74) and dual use of relaxers and hair dyes (OR=2.40, 95% CI: 1.35-4.27) was associated with breast cancer; use of dark hair dyes was associated with increased ER+ disease (OR=1.54, 95% CI: 1.01-2.33), and relaxer use was associated with increased ER- disease (OR=2.56, 95% CI: 1.06-6.16). These novel findings provide support a relationship between the use of some hair products and breast cancer. Further examinations of hair products as important exposures contributing to breast cancer carcinogenesis are necessary.

PMID: 28605409

DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgx060