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Phonics is a method for teaching people how to read and write an alphabetic language (such as English, Arabic or Russian). It is done by demonstrating the relationship between the sounds of the spoken language (phonemes), and the letters or groups of letters (graphemes) or syllables of the written language. In English, this is also known as the alphabetic principle or the Alphabetic code.

自然拼讀（Phonics）也稱為自然拼音，字母拼讀及自然發(fā)音，是一種用于英語(yǔ)閱讀和寫作的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)方法，它通過提高學(xué)生的音素覺察—聽到、識(shí)別和操作音素的能力—教會(huì)他們對(duì)應(yīng)發(fā)音和表示發(fā)音的拼寫模式（字位）。

自然拼讀的目的是在讓讀者可以根據(jù)拼寫及聲音的規(guī)則，將英文單字念出來。其拼寫及聲音的規(guī)則是在單字的字母和字母之間的，因此是一種次詞匯（sublexical）的教學(xué)方法，和全語(yǔ)言教育以單字為基礎(chǔ)一層一層往上，教授閱讀的方式恰好相反。

英文字母和發(fā)音之間的關(guān)系有時(shí)會(huì)不符合基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)音教學(xué)法規(guī)則，因此有些教學(xué)方式也會(huì)將一些常見，不一定符合規(guī)則的字列出，這些詞被稱為“視覺詞”（sight word），直接記憶其發(fā)音，讓學(xué)習(xí)者利用基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)音教學(xué)法及sight word一起學(xué)習(xí)。

Phonics is taught using a variety of approaches, for example:

自然拼讀的教學(xué)可以使用多種方法，例如：

a) learning individual sounds and their corresponding letters (e.g. the word cat has three letters and three sounds c - a - t, (in IPA: /k/, /?/, /t/), whereas the word flower has six letters but four sounds: f - l - ow - er, (IPA /f/, /l/, /a?/, /?r/), or

a）學(xué)習(xí)單個(gè)發(fā)音及其對(duì)應(yīng)的字母（例如，單詞cat有三個(gè)字母和三個(gè)發(fā)音c-a-t，（IPA: /k/、/?/、/t/），而單詞flower有六個(gè)字母，但有四個(gè)發(fā)音：f-l-ow-er、（IPA：/f/、/l/、/a?/，/r/），或

b) learning the sounds of groups of letters (in words) such as rimes (e.g. hat, mat and sat have the same rime, "at"), or consonant blends (also consonant clusters in linguistics) (e.g. bl as in black and st as in last), or syllables (e.g. pen-cil and al-pha-bet), or

b）學(xué)習(xí)字母組合（在單詞中）的發(fā)音，如“韻腳”（rimes）（例如hat、mat和sat有相同的韻腳，“at”），或輔音混合（在語(yǔ)言學(xué)中也稱為“輔音群”）（例如單詞black中的bl，單詞last中的st），或音節(jié)（例如pen cil和al pha bet），或

c) having students read books, play games and perform activities that contain the sounds they are learning.

c）讓學(xué)生閱讀書籍、玩游戲和進(jìn)行包含他們正在學(xué)習(xí)的發(fā)音的活動(dòng)

Now that you understand how the English phonics works. I’ve created a course featuring 9 songs to help you learn the English phonics. I hope this course will be helpful. For more information on the course, check out “Read the Original”.

現(xiàn)在，你已經(jīng)了解了英語(yǔ)自然拼讀的基本原理。我創(chuàng)建了一個(gè)以9首歌曲為特色的課程來幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)自然拼讀。我希望本課程會(huì)對(duì)你有所幫助。查看完整課程，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊文末左下方的“閱讀原文”。