*僅供醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士閱讀參考
自身免疫性疾?。ˋD)患者因免疫功能低下,同時(shí)使用糖皮質(zhì)激素、免疫抑制劑及生物制劑等藥物,增加了IFD的感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。臨床醫(yī)師應(yīng)未雨綢繆,熟知AD患者IFD的危險(xiǎn)因素和常用藥物選擇抗真菌藥物。
另一方面,IFD的發(fā)病可伴隨發(fā)熱、中性粒細(xì)胞減少等癥,而AD本身也可常見發(fā)熱、中性粒細(xì)胞減少等癥狀,從而導(dǎo)致臨床上對(duì)IFD的誤診、漏診。因此,臨床醫(yī)師還應(yīng)未雨綢繆,熟知AD患者IFD的危險(xiǎn)因素,以便及時(shí)行IFD相關(guān)檢查以幫助完善診斷與鑒別診斷。
念珠菌、曲霉、隱球菌是AD患者IFD的主要致病真菌
侵襲性念珠菌病(IC)
侵襲性曲霉?。↖A)
隱球菌病
需注意,AMB類藥物聯(lián)用氟胞嘧啶時(shí),可能會(huì)增加腎臟毒性[21]。而AMB類藥物與其他具有腎毒性的藥物同時(shí)使用,同樣也會(huì)增加腎毒性。因此對(duì)于需要聯(lián)合使用其他腎毒性藥物的患者,如聯(lián)用鈣調(diào)磷酸酶抑制劑(CNI)時(shí),建議密切監(jiān)測(cè)腎功能[21],同時(shí)選擇AMB同類藥物中腎毒性較小的L-AmB,盡可能減少腎毒性影響[11]。
毛霉病等其他少見真菌病
*本材料的目的是通過介紹有關(guān)醫(yī)學(xué)和科學(xué)信息和進(jìn)展,提高醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士的醫(yī)學(xué)知識(shí)。因此,本材料僅供醫(yī)學(xué)專業(yè)人士使用。本材料并非藥品廣告。讀者不應(yīng)參考或依賴本材料的任何內(nèi)容,做出購買或使用任何藥品的任何決定。
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此文僅用于向醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生專業(yè)人士提供科學(xué)信息,不代表平臺(tái)立場(chǎng)