請同學們來看下面這幾個句子。
I like swimming. 賓語
He has a pen.賓語
My sister wants to be a teacher.賓語
I think he is right.賓語
賓語從句是主從復合句的一種。主從復合句是由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構(gòu)成的。主句是復合句的主體，從句僅僅是主句的一個成分，它從屬于主句，不能獨立。從句在全句中充當什么成分，就叫什么從句。賓語從句當中的從句在全句中作賓語。
一．賓語從句的連接詞
1. 由從屬連詞that引導的賓語從句：that 在句中無詞匯意義，在從句中不能充當成分，在口語當中往往省略。例如：
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
小練習：
1. I hear (that) _______________________. （一小時后他會回來）
2. He said (that) ______________________. （他非常想念我們）
3. The teacher told us (that) ___________________________. （地球圍著太陽轉(zhuǎn)）
4.
he will be back in an hour he missed us very much the earth moves around the sun.
2. 由連接代詞 Who, whom, whose, which，what 和連接副詞 where, how, why, when引導的賓語從句.這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如：
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
小練習：
1. He asked .(誰能回答這個問題）
2. Do you know （哪一個比較?。?/span>
3. Can you tell me （他在哪兒）
4. Could you tell me （我該怎么去車站）
how I can get to the station which is the smaller where he is who could answer the question
3. 由從屬連詞 whether, if 引導的賓語從句If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”， 不做句子成分。例如：
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
注意：
It depends on __________it is going to rain. （whether）
I don’t know _________it is a bird or not. （whether）
Lily asked ________to take some food （whether）
（注意：與 不定式連用；做介詞的賓語；與 or not 連用時-----用 whether。
小練習：
1. I want to know __________________________________.（他是否跟我們一起去公園）
2. Ask him _____________________. （他是否能來）
3. I don’t know ___________________________.（是否要下雨）
If(whether) he will go to the park with us. Whether (if) he can come whether it is going to rain or not.
填入合適的連詞
(1) He knew _________he should work hard. （that）
(2) She asked _________I was a teacher. （if）
(6) I wonder _________my mum is doing now. （what）
(7) My mother asked ______helped me yesterday. （who）
(8) ---Can you tell me _______you came last night （how）
---By bus
考點歸納(1)——賓語從句的連接詞
1、That 只起連接作用，在句子中不做句子成分，在口語中 常被省略
2、If 和 whether 起 連接作用，不做句子成分。
（注意：與 不定式連用；做介詞的賓語；與 or not 連用-----用 whether。
3、疑問詞 who、 what 、when、 where 、whom 、whose 、why、 how 、 which 在句子中 既起連接作用，又做句子成分。
二. 賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應為陳述句的語序。例如：
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
小練習：
(1) Can you tell me ____?
(A .whom do we have to see B. whom we have to see)
(2) The teacher asked the students ____.
(A. what they were doing B. what were they doing )
(3) She wants to know____.
( A. where does he live B. Where he lives )
(4) Her father asked _____.
(A. who the tallest is B. who is the tallest )
(5) Do you know ____?
(A. what is on the desk B . what on the desk is )
BABBA
考點歸納(2)——賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序是陳述句（即主語+謂語）的順序。
三. 賓語從句的時態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時，賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。即，從句可用所需的任何時態(tài)
如：
I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
He says Mary is playing with the cat .
He says Mary often plays with the cat.
He says Mary will play with the cat.
I think he left yesterday morning.
2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時， 過去進行時， 過去將來時，過去完成時）。例如：
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon.
He said,“Mary is playing with the cat.” →
He said Mary was playing with the cat.
He said, “he will go back to China soon.” →
He said he would go back to China soon
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時，不受主句時態(tài)的限制。例如：
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
The teacher said, “the moon moves around the sun.”
→ The teacher said that the moon moves around the sun.
He said, “l(fā)ight travels much faster than sound.”
→ He said light travels much faster than sound.
4、當主句為 Could you (please) tell us-----?時，只表示語氣，而不表示過去時態(tài)。
小練習：用所給詞的適當形式填空
(1) He says that he _________ (read) now .
(2) Can you tell me if they _________ (finish) the work already .
(3) Dou you know where John ________(go) yesterday?
(4) My sister told me she _________ (be) free tomorrow.
(5) I wanted to know if you __________(like) the movie.
(6)The teacher told us the earth _________(go) around the sun.
(7) Could you tell me if there __________(be) a hospital near here?
Is reading have finished went would be liked goes is
考點歸納(3)——賓語從句的時態(tài)
1、當主句動詞為一般現(xiàn)在時，從句可用所需的任何時態(tài)。
2、當主句動詞為一般過去時，賓語從句只能用相應的過去時態(tài)（一般過去時、過去進行時、過去將來時、過去完成時）。
3、當賓語從句為客觀真理時 ，用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)，不受主句時態(tài)的限制。
4、當主句為 Could you (please) tell us-----?時，只表示語氣，而不表示過去時態(tài)。
5. 有關(guān)賓語從句的補充說明
1)、賓語從句的標點由主句決定。
He doesn’t know who he is ( . )
Dose he know who he is ( )
2)、主句的謂語動詞是think, believe, imagine, suppose, consider, expect, fancy, guess等,并且主句的主語是第一人稱而且為一般現(xiàn)在時,從句的否定詞一般要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上來,其反義疑問句一般與賓語從句一致.
I think he isn’t a student. ×
I don’t think he is a student. √
I don’t think he is a student. Is he?
如果賓語從句中有某個含有否定意義的形容詞或副詞,其反義疑問句要用肯定形式.
We find that he never listens to the teacher carefully, does he?
(1) I think he is a good teacher,_____________. （反意疑問句）
I _________ think he ________good teacher.(將上句變否定句）
(2）I don’t know if he ________ ( come ) tomorrow
if he_______( come), I will have a party for him
(3) Do you know when Mary ____________(arrive)？
When she _____ (arrive), please tell me
(4) Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
Can you tell me ____ _____ _____ _____the railway station
isn’t he don’t is will come comes will arrive arrives how to get to
有關(guān)賓語從句的補充說明(5)
1、賓語從句的標點由主句決定。
2、think、believe 、suppose 等接賓語從句，注意否定轉(zhuǎn)移
并依據(jù)從句完成 反意疑問句。
中考真題連接
( ) 1. The new –designed car is on show now. I wonder____.(2009 河北）
A how much it cost B how much did it cost C how much it costs D how much does it cost
( )2 --- I really hope to keep in touch with Lily. (2009武漢）
----Sorry .I don’t know _____.
A what her name is B what her job is C what her number is D when she left
( )3 ----Do you know __the man with sun glasses is?
---- I’m not sure. Maybe a reporter. (2009 江西）
A. who B. what C. where D. how
( ) 4 ---Could you please tell me _____?（ 2009 黃石）
--- Go straight along the road, then turn right. You will find it .
A. where the station is B. where is the station C. where the station was D. where was the station
( ) 5 ---Can you tell me when____? --- About two weeks ago.（2009 寧夏）
A. does he buy the car B. did he buy the car C. he bought the car D. he buys the car
( ) 6 ---Can you tell me ____? ---By doing more speaking.（2009 黃岡）
A. how I can improve my English B. which way can I choose
C. how do I deal with my English D. what’s wrong with my English
( ) 7 She asked _____.(2009 綏化）
A what will they choose B which would they choose C what they would choose
( )8 I really want to know _____.（2009 蘭州）
A what is wrong with my brother B how will he go to Beijing tomorrow
C if had he bought that car D where did he go yesterday
( ) 9 Miss Green didn’t tell us ____ in 2002, but now she lives in our school.
A. where does she live B. where she lives C. where did she live D. where she lived
( ) 10 No one can be sure _____ in a million years.
A. what man looks like B. what will man look like C. what man looked like D. what man will look like
CCBAC ACADD
