正常情況下，脊髓終于腰1 、腰2水平，此處，脊髓呈倒置的錐形，稱脊髓圓錐。其下方的腰骶椎管內(nèi)，叢多細(xì)小的神經(jīng)如馬的尾巴一樣，故稱為馬尾。馬尾神經(jīng)受壓可產(chǎn)生雙下肢及大小便功能障礙，稱為馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征。
警告：請(qǐng)?jiān)谟蠾IFI的場(chǎng)所觀看視頻，土豪請(qǐng)隨意。
Cauda equina syndrome occurs when the cauda equina, a bundle of nerve fibers at the bottom of the spinal cord, becomes irritated by pressure or inflammation.
當(dāng)馬尾神經(jīng)，脊髓以下的一束神經(jīng)纖維因受壓或炎癥刺激，會(huì)發(fā)生馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征。
The spinal cord runs from the base of the skull to the top of the lumbar spine, where it splits into a bundle of nerve root branches called the cauda equina.
脊髓走行于顱底直到腰椎頂部，并在此處發(fā)出一束神經(jīng)根叢，稱為馬尾神經(jīng)。
The individual nerves in this part of the spinal cord exit through small holes in the lumbar spine called foramina, and run downward through the sacrum, to the legs and feet.
從這段脊髓發(fā)出的各條神經(jīng)在腰椎稱為椎間孔的小孔處穿出，或下行從骶骨穿出，到達(dá)腿和足部。
The nerve fibers of the cauda equina communicate sensory and motor nerve messages between the central nervous system and the pelvis and lower limbs. They are responsible for control and sensory function of the bowel and bladder, genitals and saddle area, and the nerves that run down the legs.
馬尾神經(jīng)的神經(jīng)纖維在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)與盆腔和下肢之間傳遞感覺和運(yùn)動(dòng)信號(hào)，負(fù)責(zé)直腸和膀胱、生殖器和鞍區(qū)的控制和感覺，并有神經(jīng)向下支配到腿。
Any lumbar spine condition that compresses the nerves of the cauda equina can cause cauda equina syndrome.
一些壓迫馬尾神經(jīng)的腰椎疾患會(huì)引起馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征。
Often, it is a massive disc herniation that causes the syndrome. Other causes include spinal stenosis, inflammation or infection within the spinal canal, tumors, or injury to the spine.
引起馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征最常見的是巨大的椎間盤突出。其它原因包括椎管狹窄，椎管內(nèi)炎癥或感染、腫瘤，以及脊柱外傷。
The symptoms of cauda equina syndrome will vary depending on which nerves are affected and the degree of nerve compression and subsequent irritation.
馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征的癥狀根據(jù)哪些神經(jīng)受累及神經(jīng)壓迫及繼發(fā)激惹的程度不同而異。
These symptoms include severe low back pain, and neurological problems in the saddle region and lower limbs that may include urinary or bowel incontinence, loss of feeling, motor weakness, or loss of motor function in the legs such as difficulty walking.
這些疼痛包括嚴(yán)重的腰痛，鞍區(qū)和下肢的神經(jīng)癥狀包括大小便失禁、感覺缺失、運(yùn)動(dòng)無力或下肢運(yùn)動(dòng)功能障礙，例如行走困難。
Though rare, acute cauda equina syndrome is a serious medical emergency. It usually requires decompression surgery on the spine within 24 hours, in order to remove pressure from the nerves.
盡管罕見，急性馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征是嚴(yán)重的醫(yī)學(xué)急癥。通常需要在24小時(shí)內(nèi)進(jìn)行外科手術(shù)減壓，以解除對(duì)神經(jīng)的壓迫。
Acute cauda equina syndrome that results in nerve damage is rare. However, if left untreated, cauda equina syndrome can result in paralysis, loss of sensation below the lumbar spine, and permanent loss of bladder and bowel control.
急性馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)毀損較少，但如果不及時(shí)治療，馬尾神經(jīng)綜合征會(huì)導(dǎo)致癱瘓、腰椎以下感覺缺失以及永久性大小便失控。
（胡佰文 譯）
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