前言,以下內(nèi)容全是我平時給我學(xué)生上課用的配套資料,所以請各位同學(xué)和家長充分利用這些學(xué)習(xí)資料,保證你會有很大收獲和提高。
記得幫我多多點(diǎn)贊和轉(zhuǎn)發(fā),謝謝大家了!開始學(xué)習(xí)吧。。
Unit 2 I think that mooncakes are delicious!
一.申申老師單元重點(diǎn)短語歸納(請家長打印出來考查孩子)記得去掉漢語或英文讓孩子默寫
1.put on增加(體重)發(fā)胖 2.care about關(guān)心在乎
3.end up最終成為,最后處于 4.not only ……but also……不但……而且…… 5.shoot down射下 6.used to do過去常常做……
7.remind sb. of使某人想起 8.give out分發(fā) 發(fā)放
9.the water festival潑水節(jié) 10.the Chinese spring festival中國春節(jié)
11.next year明年 12.sound like聽起來像
13.each other互相彼此 14.in the shape of 以……的形狀
15.on mid-autumn night在中秋之夜 16.fly up to飛向
17.lay out擺開布置 18.come back回來
19.as a result 結(jié)果因此 20.mother’s day 母親節(jié)
21.more and more popular越來越受歡迎 22.think of想起認(rèn)為思考
23.dress up 裝扮穿上盛裝 24.the importance of ……的重要性
25.make money掙錢 26.in need需要幫助 處于困境中
27.between ……and……在……和……之間 28.the dragon boat festival 龍舟節(jié)
29.the lantern festival 元宵節(jié) 30.like best最喜歡
31.go to ……for a vacation去……度假 32.be similar to 與……相似
33.wash away 沖走洗掉 34.mid-autumn festival 中秋節(jié)
35.shoot down射下 36.call out大聲呼喊
37.the tradition of ……的傳統(tǒng) 38.at night在夜里在晚上
39.one……,the other……一個……,另一個… 40.Father’s day父親節(jié)
41.have to必須 不得不 42.play a trick on sb捉弄某人
43.the spirit of ……的精神 44.care about關(guān)心
45.wake up醒來 46.the beginning of ……的開始
二.申申老師重點(diǎn)句型用法集萃(請家長打印出來考查孩子)記得去掉漢語或英文讓孩子默寫
1.感嘆句式一:What+(a/an)+adj+名詞(+主語+謂語+其他)!多么……的……
感嘆句式二:How +adj/adv+主語+謂語+其他!……多么……!
2.in+時間段 在……后
3.give sb. sth. 給某人某物 4.plan to do sth計(jì)劃做某事
5.refuse to do sth拒絕做某事 6.one of +名詞復(fù)數(shù)形式……之一
7.it +is+名詞+動詞不定式(to do sth)做某事是… 8.what …think of…?認(rèn)為…怎么樣?
9.make sb do sth讓某人做某事 10.used to be 過去是……
11.warn sb(not)to do sth告誡某人做某事 12.tell sb(not)to do sth告訴某人做某事
13.decide to do sth決定做某事 14.promise to do sth承諾、答應(yīng)做某事
三.申申老師語法全解(看不懂的地方留言給我)
語法講解1、申申老師重點(diǎn)講解賓語從句語法:
一.賓語從句常用連詞有:
a.當(dāng)賓語從句用(that)時,要注意此時that是不充當(dāng)從句句子成分的,同時that也沒有含義。(that無含義,不做成分)
b.當(dāng)賓語從句用(if或whether)時,注意此時(if或whether)也是不充當(dāng)句子成分的,但是(if或whether)要翻譯成“是否”
c.當(dāng)賓語從句用特殊疑問句(what什么,which哪一個,who誰(做主語),whom誰(做賓語),whose誰的(做定語)時,這些詞要充當(dāng)句子成分,并且要翻譯成他們本身的含義。
二.陳述語序(賓語從句一定要用陳述語序,這個是考試非常愛考的考點(diǎn)。
三.時態(tài)(一定要注意當(dāng)主句謂語是過去時的時候,賓語從句謂語一定要用過去的時態(tài),這個考點(diǎn)也超級愛考),只有一直情況就是當(dāng)從句內(nèi)容論述客觀事實(shí)和真理時永遠(yuǎn)用一般現(xiàn)在時。
四、補(bǔ)充內(nèi)容:
可跟that從句做賓語的動詞:say, think, insist, wish, hope, demand, imagine, wonder, know, see, believe, agree, admit, deny, expect, explain, order, command, feel, dream, suggest, hear, mean, notice, prefer, request, require, propose, declare, report等
例:I don’t know what they are looking for.(注意這句話的語序,用了陳述語序)
Could you tell me when the train will leave?(注意這句話的語序,用了陳述語序)
注意:當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是think, believe, suppose, expect等詞,而賓語從句的意思是否定時,常把否定轉(zhuǎn)移至主句表示。
例:I don’t think it is right for him to treat you like that.
注意:由whether,if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句由whether(if)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句,實(shí)際上是一般疑問句演變而來的,意思是“是否”。
例:I wonder whether(if) they will come to our party.(注意這句話的語序,用了陳述語序)
注意:當(dāng)賓語從句表示的是一個客觀真理或者事實(shí)時,即使主句是過去時,從句也用一般現(xiàn)在時態(tài)。
例:The teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.(注意這句話用了一般現(xiàn)在時)
最后,在跟我把賓語從句復(fù)習(xí)一遍吧,我的秘籍就是重復(fù)重復(fù)在重復(fù)
下面內(nèi)容是書面講解賓語從句
(一)在復(fù)合句中擔(dān)當(dāng)賓語的從句叫賓語從句,賓語從句可作謂語動詞的賓語,也可做介詞的賓語。
eg, He said he was good at drawing. (動詞賓語)
He asks him how long Mike has been down . (動詞賓語)
Miss Zhang is angry at what you said. (介詞賓語)
賓語從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動詞的賓語,或介詞的賓語,或形容詞的賓語。
根據(jù)引導(dǎo)賓語從句的不同連詞,賓語從句可分為三類。
1. 由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。that只有語法作用,沒有實(shí)在的意義,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:
He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.
She doesn’t know (that) she is seriously ill.
I am sure (that) he will succeed.
2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當(dāng)某個成分。例如:
Do you know who (whom) they are waiting foe?
He asked whose handwriting was the best.
Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?
I don’t know why the train is late.
3. 由if或whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。if和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如:
I want to know if (whether) he lives there.
He asked me whether (if) I could help him.
(二)賓語從句的語序
賓語從句的語序應(yīng)為陳述句的語序。例如:
I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like this school soon.
Can you tell me how I can get to zoo?
Please tell me when we’ll have the meeting.
(三)賓語從句的時態(tài)
1. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時,賓語從句該用什麼時態(tài)就用什麼時態(tài)。
如: I don’t think (that) you are right.
Please tell us where he is.
Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?
2. 如果主句的時態(tài)是一般過去時,賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)(一般過去時, 過去進(jìn)行時, 過去將來時,過去完成時)。例如:
He asked what time it was.
He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.
He asked if you had written to Peter.
He said that he would go back to theU.S.soon.
3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理,其時態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:
Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.
Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.
申申老師超級講解賓語從句的轉(zhuǎn)化
1.當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是hope,wish,decide,forget,plan,agree等,且主句主語與從句主語相同時,從句可簡化為不定式結(jié)構(gòu)。如:
She agreed that she could help me with my maths.
→She agreed to help me with my maths.
2.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是know, learn, forget, remember, decide等后面帶特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化的賓語時,主從句的主語也須一致這時從句可以簡化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”。例如:
I don't know which sweater I should buy.→I don't know which sweater to buy.
3.當(dāng)主句的謂語動詞是ask,tell, show, teach等后面帶雙賓語時,從句的主語和間接賓語一致,且從句是由特殊疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化來時,從句可以轉(zhuǎn)化成“疑問詞+不定式結(jié)構(gòu)”,或者在連接代詞/副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句中,當(dāng)從句主語與主句主語或間接賓語一致時,賓語從句可簡化為“連接代詞/副詞+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)。如:→Could you tell me how to get to the park?
4. 當(dāng)主句謂語動詞是find,see,watch,hear等感官動詞時,從句常簡化為“賓語+賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu),賓補(bǔ)為不帶to的不定式或V-ing形式。如:
She found that the wallet lay/was lying on the ground.
→She found the wallet lie/lying on the ground.
注意:賓語從句小口訣:新-課-標(biāo)- 第-一-網(wǎng)
賓語從句三注意,時態(tài)語序引導(dǎo)詞;主句一般現(xiàn)在時,從句不需受限制;
主句一般過去時,從句須用相應(yīng)時;陳述句轉(zhuǎn)化that引,一般疑問句用if/whether,
特殊問句疑問詞,引導(dǎo)詞后陳述式。
語法講解2.申申老師感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)講解:
How+adj. /adv. +主+謂!How tall Yao Ming is!
How + adj.+a/an+n(單數(shù))+主語+謂語!How clever a dog( it is )!
What (a/an)+ adj.+名+主+謂!
例:What an interesting story (it is)!=How interesting a story (it is)!
注意當(dāng)what感嘆句的名詞是復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞時,a/an要去掉。
句子變成What+ adj.+名(復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù))+ (主+謂)!
最后,what感嘆句中的主謂是可以并且也常常省略的。
注意:由于感嘆句是很多初中生不會的知識點(diǎn),所以下面我們在來一起復(fù)習(xí)一遍感嘆句結(jié)構(gòu)吧,學(xué)習(xí)英語的秘籍就是不斷的重復(fù)重復(fù)在重復(fù),跟申申老師學(xué)英語一定要重復(fù),哈哈
重復(fù)一:由what引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
what修飾名詞或名詞短語,有以下兩種形式:
1. What+a(an)+(形容詞)+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!如:
What an apple (this is)!
What a fine day( it is)!
2. What+(形容詞)+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語!
What kind women( they are)!
What nice music (it is)!
重復(fù)二:由How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句
how用來修飾形容詞、副詞或動詞。其結(jié)構(gòu)是:How+形容詞(副詞)+主語+謂語!
How hard the worker are working!
How clever the girl is!
How quickly the boy is writing!
語法講解3、申申老師重點(diǎn)講解直接引語和間接引語
(請注意:由于各個城市的中考考綱對直接引語和間接引語的要求不同。所以如果你學(xué)校老師不講解這部分的語法,那么我建議大家簡單了解即可。反之,如果你學(xué)校老師當(dāng)重點(diǎn)講,那你就必須會)
第一部分基本概念:引述別人的原話叫直接引語,用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語。
典型例句:1. She said ,” I like English very much. “ (直接引語)
(她說:“我非常喜歡英語”。)
典型例句:2. She said(that可以省略哦) she liked English very much. (間接引語)
(她說她非常喜歡英語。)
第二部分:
直接引語變間接引語(一)
人稱變化
人稱變化可以遵循如下順口溜“一隨主,二隨賓,第三人稱不更新”。
“一隨主”是指在直接引語變間接引語時,如果從句中的主語是第一人稱或被第一人稱所修飾。從句中的人稱要按照主句中主語的人稱變化
Eg:She said. “My brother wants to go with me.”
→She said her brother wanted to go with her.
“二隨賓”是指直接引語變間接引語時,若從句中的主語及賓語是第二人稱,或被第二人“你”所修飾,從句中的人稱要跟引號外的主句的賓語一致。如果引號外的主句沒有賓語,也可以用第一人稱
Eg:He said to Kate,"How is your sister now?"
→He asked Kate how her sister was then.
“第三人稱不更新”是指直接引語變間接引語時,如果從句中的主語及賓語是第三人稱或被第三人稱所修飾從句中的人稱一般不需要變化
Eg:Mr. Smith said,“Jack is a good worker.”
→Mr. Smith said Jack was a good worker.
申申老師提示:上面的內(nèi)容你看懂了么?
直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語(二)
---時態(tài)變化
直接引語在改為間接引語時,時態(tài)需要做相應(yīng)的調(diào)整。其基本法則和我們剛剛學(xué)過的賓語從句的時態(tài)變化一致,也就是說從句時態(tài)要和主句時態(tài)一致。如果從句是過去時,主句要向后退一格時態(tài),變成一種過去時。
1. She said. “I have lost a pen.” →She said she had lost a pen.
2. She said. “We hope so.” →She said they hoped so.
3. She said,“He will go to see his friend?!?/p>
→She said he would go to see his friend. (一般將來 → 過去將來)
但要注意在以下幾種情況下。在直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)一般不變化。
①直接引語是客觀真理。
Eg: “The earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth”, the teacher told me.
→ The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moves around the earth。
②直接引語是過去進(jìn)行時,時態(tài)不變。
Eg:Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”
→Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street.
③直接引語中有具體的過去某年、某月、某日作狀語,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,時態(tài)不變。
Eg: Xiao Wang said,“I was born on April 20, 1980.”
→Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.
④直接引語如果是一般現(xiàn)在時。表示一種反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性的動作,變間接引語,時態(tài)不變。
Eg:He said, “I get up at six every morning.”
→He said he gets up at six every morning.
⑤如果直接引語中的情態(tài)動詞沒有過去時的形式(例:ought to,had better,used to)和已經(jīng)是
過去時的形式時,(例:could, should, would, might)不再變。
Eg:Peter said,“You had better come have today.”
→Peter said I had better go there that day.
直接引語變間接引語(三)
句型變化
句型:
①直接引語如果是陳述句,間接引語應(yīng)改為由that引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。
Eg:She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”
→She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes.
新課標(biāo)第一網(wǎng)
②直接引語如果是反意疑問句,選擇疑問句或一般疑問句,間接引語應(yīng)改為由whether或if引導(dǎo)的賓語從句
Eg:He said, “Can you swim, John?” →He asked John if he could swim.
“You have finished the homework, haven‘t you?” my mother asked.
→ My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.
“Do you go to school by bus or by bike?”
→ He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.
③直接引語如果是特殊問句,間接引語應(yīng)該改為由疑問代詞或疑問副詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句(賓語從句必須用陳述句語序)。
Eg:She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?”
→ She asked me when they had their dinner.
④直接引語如果是祈使句,間接引語應(yīng)改為“tell(ask, order, beg等)sb.(not) to do sth.”句型。
Eg:“Don’t make any noise,” she said to the children.
→ She told (ordered) the children not to make any noise.
“Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.
→ She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.
⑤直接引語如果是以“Let‘s”開頭的祈使句,變?yōu)殚g接引語時,通常用“suggest +動名詞(或從句)?!?/p>
Eg:He said, “ Let’s go to the film.”
→ He suggested going to the film.
→ He suggested that they should go to see the film.
同學(xué)們,本單元重點(diǎn)語法內(nèi)容超級多,也非常重要,所以我用了很多篇幅來講解。
請把我講解內(nèi)容打印出來,認(rèn)真研讀,然后千萬記得要多多的做題哦,只有做題才能真正幫你消化吸收。
感覺我文章有幫助的,記得多多支持我的原創(chuàng)內(nèi)容,謝謝大家了。
聯(lián)系客服