四六級考試將于6月16日開考，
還有一周的準備時間，同學(xué)們要抓緊哦！
今天小編準備了
民間藝術(shù)與傳統(tǒng)工藝相關(guān)的翻譯素材，
包含非常多該主題的常用詞匯和表達，
同學(xué)們一定要抓緊時間復(fù)習啦！
相信大家通過細致認真的學(xué)習，
一定能順利通過考試！
皮影戲
皮影戲是流行于中國的一門古老民間藝術(shù)。這種藝術(shù)形式產(chǎn)生于兩千多年前，到了宋代，皮影戲已十分發(fā)達。13世紀時，皮影戲傳到西亞，到了18世紀傳到世界很多地方。1 皮影戲是世界上最早由人配音的影畫藝術(shù)。它的成功給現(xiàn)代電影很大的啟發(fā)。皮影戲的妙處不僅在于皮影的制作，更在于表演。2 其表演水平的高低，取決于演員的唱功和手上功夫。3 過去沒有電影、電視等現(xiàn)代娛樂，皮影戲成為重要的娛樂形式。即使是在娛樂業(yè)高度發(fā)達的今天它仍然受到人們的廣泛喜愛。2011年，皮影戲被列入人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)代表作名錄。
Shadow puppetry is an ancient folk art popular among the Chinese people. The art form first appeared 2,000 years ago and by the Song Dynasty it had become highly developed. In the 13th century it was introduced into West Asia, and by the 18th century it had spread to many parts of the world. Shadow puppetry is the world’s earliest movie art with the accompaniment of human voice. Its success has given much enlightenment to the development of modern movie. The appeal of shadow puppetry lies not only in its puppet-making, but more in its performance. How good a shadow play is depends on the singing of the performers and their handling of the puppets. In the past, without film, television, or other modern entertainments, shadow puppetry was an important form of entertainment. Even today when the entertainment industry is highly developed, shadow puppetry remains a welcome form of entertainment. In 2011, shadow puppetry was inscribed on the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity.
翻譯簡析
1 原文用了兩個“傳到”，譯文分別譯作was introduced into和spread to，避免重復(fù)使用相同的動詞，更符合英文的行文習慣。
2 句中的“妙處”譯作appeal，巧妙而傳神。也可譯為beauty或merit。
3 原文的“手上功夫”在翻譯時作了具體化處理，譯為their handling of the puppets。
翻譯中有時需要在抽象和具體之間、虛與實之間進行轉(zhuǎn)換，以便表意清楚明晰。
景泰藍
景泰藍是馳名中外的傳統(tǒng)工藝，其制作既運用了青銅和瓷器工藝，又融入了中國傳統(tǒng)繪畫和雕刻技藝，是一門地道的北京絕活。1 景泰藍這種工藝盛行于明代景泰年間（1450-1456），當時的顏色主要是藍色，故稱“景泰藍”。2 景泰藍到了清代有所發(fā)展，克服了明代制作時的某些缺點，但在樸實厚重上不及明代。3 景泰藍光彩奪目，精美華貴，堪稱國寶，具有鮮明的民族風格和深刻的文化內(nèi)涵。2006年，景泰藍入選首批國家級非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄?，F(xiàn)在，景泰藍是收藏家收藏的佳品，也是人們居家使用的精美物品。
Cloisonné is a traditional craft widely known in and outside China. It is a kind of superb local expertise of Beijing, which combines the techniques of bronze and porcelain and the skills of traditional Chinese painting and carving. The making of cloisonné gained great popularity during the Jingtai reign (1450-1456) of the Ming Dynasty, with the main color used being blue, hence the name “Jingtai Blue”, or cloisonné as it became known later on. Cloisonné was further developed during the Qing Dynasty. Technically, it overcame some of the weaknesses of the Ming cloisonné, but it lacked the latter’s simplicity and dignified heaviness. Glittering and elegant, exquisite and extravagant, it is hailed as a national treasure with a distinctive national style and profound cultural connotations. In 2006, it was listed into the first batch of National Intangible Cultural Heritage List. Nowadays, cloisonné is deemed valuable in the eyes of collectors; it also provides refined ornaments for daily use.
翻譯簡析
1 本句較長，翻譯時拆分成兩句?！暗氐赖谋本┙^活”譯為superb local expertise of Beijing，“絕活”處理得很靈活。
2 譯文對“景泰藍”作了補充，or cloisonné as it became known later on，這樣意思更清楚，便于西方讀者理解。增譯不是隨意增加內(nèi)容，而是根據(jù)上下文，增添必要的信息。
3 本句采用了分譯法，便于突出清代發(fā)展的情況。
刺繡
中國是絲綢的故鄉(xiāng)，因而有很多與絲綢相關(guān)的藝術(shù)，刺繡就是其中的一種。1 刺繡是中國民間傳統(tǒng)手工藝之一，至少有兩三千年的歷史。從事刺繡的多為女子，因此刺繡又被稱為“女紅”。2 刺繡在中國受到人們的廣泛喜愛。刺繡可用來裝飾衣物，如在衣服、被子、枕套等物品上繡上美麗的圖案，也可制作成特別的飾品。3 中國有四大名繡：蘇州的蘇繡、廣東的粵繡、湖南的湘繡以及四川的蜀繡。4 各種繡法不僅風格有差異，主題也各有不同。5 其中，蘇州的蘇繡最負盛名。
China is home to silk, thereby having a variety of arts related to silk, one of which is embroidery. Embroidery, with at least two or three thousand years of history, is one of the traditional Chinese folk arts and crafts. Since most embroiderers are women, it is also called “women’s needlework”. Embroidery has been widely popular among the Chinese people. It can be used to decorate clothing and other articles of daily use. For example, clothes, quilts, pillowcases etc. can be embroidered with beautiful designs, or a piece of embroidery can be made for a special ornament. There are four most famous types of embroidery in China – respectively from Suzhou, Guangdong, Hunan, and Sichuan – each having its own style and different themes. Among the four, Suzhou embroidery has enjoyed the highest reputation.
翻譯簡析
1 本句的翻譯需留意英文句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用了thereby和one of which等連接詞語，主次分明，結(jié)構(gòu)嚴謹。“絲綢的故鄉(xiāng)”譯為home to silk，也可譯為the home of silk。
2 “從事刺繡的”可直譯為embroiderer?！芭t”這個中國文化特色詞無對應(yīng)的英語詞匯，此處意譯為women’s needlework。
3 本句采用了分譯法，例子另譯為一句，便于讀者理解。
4 本句談到四大名繡分別出自不同地區(qū)，譯文用介詞from，簡潔明了。
5 本句與上一句語義聯(lián)系緊密，合譯為一句，結(jié)構(gòu)自然緊湊。
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