“七嘴八舌”說(shuō)考情 山西：與“被動(dòng)”君是老朋友了，相約每年見(jiàn)一次。時(shí)而身著“過(guò)去”的外套，時(shí)而身著“將來(lái)”的風(fēng)衣，偶爾穿一次“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞”的馬甲。不過(guò)小樣，你以為你穿上馬甲我就不認(rèn)識(shí)你啦？ 江西：話不多說(shuō)，“被動(dòng)”大神，今年還是單項(xiàng)填空見(jiàn)，等風(fēng)也等你喲~ 河北：說(shuō)來(lái)不怕在座的各位慚愧，我和“被動(dòng)”平均每年見(jiàn)一兩次，要么在單選，要么在詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用。樓上要來(lái)battle一下嗎？ 安徽：這8年以來(lái)，我只有2014和2015年沒(méi)有約到“被動(dòng)”，原來(lái)跑你們那兒去了，終于解開(kāi)了我心里的結(jié)！ 云南：樓上的大佬們嚇得我趕緊來(lái)了一段freestyle：也許“被動(dòng)”對(duì)我不太熟悉，幾年見(jiàn)一面也沒(méi)有關(guān)系，云南還是對(duì)你保持耐心。 陜西：Peace！大家能不能像我一樣，成熟一點(diǎn)兒。我每年必見(jiàn)“被動(dòng)”大神，完形、短文填空都會(huì)見(jiàn)，我驕傲了嗎？ 河南：你會(huì)（做）還是不會(huì)（做），“被動(dòng)”每年都在那單選或詞語(yǔ)運(yùn)用里，不離不棄。 說(shuō)來(lái)說(shuō)去還得練
1. More chances to learn from each other ______ for students by working in groups.
A. provide B. will provide
C. was provided D. are provided
（推薦江西、河北、安徽、云南、河南考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析句意。通過(guò)小組合作，將會(huì)為學(xué)生們______更多互相學(xué)習(xí)的機(jī)會(huì)。第②步：分析選項(xiàng)。provide一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；will provide一般將來(lái)時(shí)；was provided一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；are provided一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第③步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“provide”與主語(yǔ)“More chances”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。主語(yǔ)為“More chances”，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故選D。
2. Many people ______ that there would be a snowstorm next week.
A. tells B. told C.were told D. is told
（推薦江西、河北、安徽、河南考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析句意。很多人______下周將有一場(chǎng)暴風(fēng)雪。第②步：分析選項(xiàng)。tells一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；told一般過(guò)去時(shí)；were told一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；is told一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第③步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“tell”與主語(yǔ)“Many people”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，且賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)態(tài)為過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)，所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C。
3. Food safety is very important. So some rules______to stop people from polluting food.
A. should make B. should be made
C.was made D. has been made
（推薦安徽、河南考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析句意。食品安全非常重要。所以一些措施______來(lái)阻止人們污染食物。第②步：分析選項(xiàng)。should make一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；should be made含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；was made一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；has been made現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第③步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“make”與主語(yǔ)“rules”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是指“規(guī)則應(yīng)該被制定”，應(yīng)用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞“should”。故選B。
4. I plan to build an unusual house. It ______ out of waste materials.
A. is built B. has built
C.will be built D. builds
（推薦江西、河北、安徽、河南考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析句意。我計(jì)劃建造一個(gè)不同尋常的房子。它______由廢棄材料制成。第②步：分析選項(xiàng)。is built一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；has built現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；will be built一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；builds一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。第③步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“build”與主語(yǔ)“It”之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句意可知此處表示還未發(fā)生的事情，應(yīng)用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。故選C。
5. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, lots of trees______in the past three years.
A. are planted B. were planted
C. have been planted D. will be planted
（推薦安徽考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：分析句意。為了使我們的家鄉(xiāng)更漂亮，很多樹(shù)______在過(guò)去的三年里。第②步：分析選項(xiàng)。are planted一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；were planted一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；have been planted現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；will be planted一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。第③步：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“plant”與主語(yǔ)“trees”之間存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in the past three years”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C。
6. Hurry up! Once the concert starts, nobody ______(allow) to enter the concert hall.
（推薦山西、河北、陜西考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：觀察語(yǔ)境，找到關(guān)鍵詞“Hurry up！”可首先判斷出本題的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；第②步：分析語(yǔ)境“nobody”與“allow”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填is allowed。
7. The speech competition______(regard) as a success. Many students joined it and they expressed their ideas as well.
（推薦山西、河北、陜西考生必做）
【點(diǎn)撥】第①步：觀察語(yǔ)境，找到關(guān)鍵詞“joined”，“expressed”可首先判斷出本題的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)；第②步：分析語(yǔ)境“competition”與“regard”之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填was regarded。
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被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的使用情況
（1）當(dāng)不知道或沒(méi)有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，這時(shí)往往不用by 短語(yǔ)。如：
“Mr. White, the cup was broken after class. ”
懷特先生，這只茶杯是下課后被打碎的。
（2）突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，如果需要說(shuō)出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，用by 短語(yǔ)。如：
These records were made by John Denver.
這些報(bào)道是被約翰·丹佛做的。
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的基本構(gòu)成
be + done
被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成
（1）一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：am / is / are + done。如：
①People grow rice in the south of the country.
→Rice is grown in the south of the country.
稻米在這個(gè)國(guó)家的南部被種植。
②The school doesn’t allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
→We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.
我們不被允許在沒(méi)有老師的情況下進(jìn)入化學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室。
（2）一般過(guò)去時(shí)：was / were + done。如：
①They agreed on the building of a new car factory last month.
→The building of a new car factory was agreed on last month.
建立一個(gè)新的汽車(chē)工廠在上個(gè)月被一致同意。
②The students didn’t forget their lessons easily.
→Their lessons were not easily forgotten.
他們的功課沒(méi)有被輕易遺忘。
（3）一般將來(lái)時(shí)：will + be done。如：
①They will send cars abroad by sea.
→Cars will be sent abroad by sea.
汽車(chē)通過(guò)海路被送到國(guó)外。
②She will take care of theses children.
→These children will be taken care of by her.
那些孩子將由她照顧。
（4）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：have / has + been + done。如：
①Someone has told me the sports meeting might be put off.
→I have been told the sports meeting might be put off.
我已經(jīng)被告訴會(huì)議可能會(huì)被延遲。
②He has brought his book here.
→His book has been brought here.
他的書(shū)被帶到了這里。
（5）含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+ done。如：
①You must hand in your compositions after class.
→Your compositions must be handed in after class.
你的作文必須在下課之后被上交。
②He can write a great many letters with the computer.
→A great many letters can be written with the computer by him.
很多信能夠被他用計(jì)算機(jī)寫(xiě)。
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