2009-03-25 來源:英語趙艷芳老師的日志 編輯:英語趙艷芳老師的日志
形容詞和副詞 英語趙艷芳老師的主頁 | 查看全部日志
在中考單項選擇中形容詞也占一定比例,一般考查有關(guān)形容詞或副詞的一些搭配,但絕大部分考查形容詞與副詞的比較級和最高級。
一、 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級
?、僖话愕谋容^級和最高級在形容詞或副詞后加-er或-est,如:small --- smaller --- smallest
② 以不發(fā)音-e結(jié)尾的形容詞或副詞直接加 –r或 –st,如
large --- largest --- largest
?、?重讀閉音節(jié)詞尾是一個輔音字母的,需雙寫該輔音字母,再加-er或-est。
?、?以輔音字母加 y 結(jié)尾的形容詞和副詞,把“y”變“i”,再加 –er或-est.
busy---busier---busiest
happy---happier---happiest
但一些雙音節(jié)及多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞前要加more和most,如:
slowly --- more slowly --- most slowly
difficult---more difficult---most difficult
beautiful---more beautiful---most beautiful
但還有一些不規(guī)則的變化:
good / well---better---best
many---more---most
bad / ill / badly ---worse---worst
little---less---least
far --- farther / further --- farther / furthest
二、 形容詞和副詞的等比句型
?、賏s…as… 和……一樣
I’m as tall as you.
?、?not as(so)…as 不和…… 一樣(在否定句中常用so 來代替as)如,
I can’t run so fast as you.
另外as…as possible 為固定結(jié)構(gòu),如,as soon as possible, as quickly as possible 等。
在以上兩個句型中形容詞或副詞一定要用原級。
三、形容詞和副詞的其它句型還有:
① 形容詞/ 副詞 比較級 + than 句型 ,在than 后面的人稱代詞 用主語和賓語均可。
He is older than I / me.
但是如果人稱代詞后有動詞時,則只能用主格形式。如,
Tom found more red leaves than I did.
?、?“the + 比較級, the + 比較級” 結(jié)構(gòu)表示兩個變化一起發(fā)生。如, The more you learn, the more you’ll know.
?、?“more and more”結(jié)構(gòu)(指兩個形容詞比較級用and 連接)表示持續(xù)不斷的變化。 如: I’m getting thinner and thinner.
四、修飾形容詞和副詞的比較級的副詞要用much, a lot, a little, a bit, far等,very不能和比較級連用。如:
The blouse I bought yesterday is a little less expensive.
昨天我買的襯衣比較便宜。
To play basketball is far more enjoyable to the boy.
打籃球?qū)τ谀泻⒆觼碚f要有趣得多。
五、形容詞的一些搭配,如:
be glad / happy/ pleased to do 很高興做某事
be sorry to do 很抱歉,很遺憾做某事
be sure to do 一定/相信會做某事
be ready to do 準(zhǔn)備好做某事,樂于做某事
get ready to do 為……做好準(zhǔn)備 等等。
下面我們來看一些例題。
1. The Yellow River is one of ___ in China.
A. the longest rivers B. the longer river C. the longest river
D. the long river
答案:A
2. Does he speak Chinese ___ his brother?
A. as better as B. as good as C. as well as D. best than
答案:C
3. Which shirt do you like ___, the white one or the blue one?
A. better B. good C. best D. much
答案:A
4. I don’t feel ___ to go to work today. I’m ill.
A. good enough B. well enough C. enough well D. enough good
答案:B
5. Mary would like to spend ___ days on her research.
A. a little more B. a little C. a few more D. much more
答案:C
下面請大家自己做以下練習(xí)。
1. Be quiet, class! I have ___ to tell you.
A. important anything B. important something
C. anything important D. something important
答案:D
2. This picture book is not ___ that one.
A. so interesting as B. so interesting than C. as interesting than
D. interesting as
答案:A
3. This article is ___ than that one.
A. much easier B. more easier c. much more easier D. more easy
答案:A
4. The Changjiang River is ___ river in China.
A. long B. longest C. the longest D. longer
答案:C
5. You must keep your room ___ and tidy.
A. to clean B. cleaning C. clean D. cleaned
答案:C
中考中當(dāng)然也會涉及到其他諸如代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞、和連詞等的用法。
下面我就簡單提醒大家每類詞需注意的地方。
1. 代詞
同學(xué)們需掌握以下不定代詞:
all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, few, many, much, other, another, some, any, no以及由some, any, no, every構(gòu)成的合成詞如 nobody等,并注意不定代詞的定語后置,如something English
2. 數(shù)詞
同學(xué)們需要記住一些特殊拼寫的序數(shù)詞。
如:第1--- first 第2--- second 第3--- third 第5--- fifth 第9--- ninth
第12--- twelfth 第20--- twentieth
另外需要記住以下短語:
hundreds of 數(shù)以百計
thousands of 數(shù)以千計
tens of thousands of 數(shù)以萬計
several millions of好幾百萬
但表示確切的百或千時不能用復(fù)數(shù)形式,如:
ten thousand
three million
3. 介詞的考察內(nèi)容主要是介詞短語,特別是那些有固定搭配和固定用法的介詞短語。這類短語比較多,這里我不再一一贅述,大家可以看《初中英語復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)》第204頁至208頁上的詞組。但我要特別提幾個以前舊教材所沒有的短語,請大家注意。
如, speak highly of高度贊揚
regard… as …視為,把……看做……
make a contribution to doing sth 為……做貢獻(xiàn)
4. 連詞
同學(xué)們需要特別記憶以下連詞或連詞短語:
neither…nor…
either…or…
not only…but also…
both…and…
前三個短語引導(dǎo)主語時,謂語動詞需遵循就近原則。
如, Neither you nor I am right. 你和我都不正確。
Either Lucy or Lily is going there. 不是Lucy就是Lily要去那兒。
那么both…and…連接主語時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
如, Both Lucy and Lily are going there.
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