【編者的話】在一家國外網(wǎng)站上看到一篇很好文章，現(xiàn)譯成漢語并推薦給大家。該文章就“利用業(yè)余時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)英語”以及“英語學(xué)習(xí)的初學(xué)者”遇到的問題，提出了切實(shí)可行的解決方案，可謂妙語連珠。
--- 新月空中英語
Learning is a skill and it can be improved.
英語學(xué)習(xí)是一項(xiàng)技巧并可以不斷改進(jìn)。
一、Your path to learning effectively is through knowing： 要找到有效的學(xué)習(xí)途徑，你首先要了解：
1. yourself 了解你自己
2. your capacity to learn 了解你學(xué)習(xí)的潛力
3. processes you have successfully used in the past 了解你曾有過的、成功的學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)歷
4. your interest, and knowledge of what you wish to learn 了解你的興趣以及想要學(xué)習(xí)的知識
二、Motivate yourself 自我激勵(lì)
If you are not motivated to learn English you will become frustrated and give up. Ask yourself the following questions, and be honest:-
如果缺少激勵(lì)，在學(xué)習(xí)中容易變得茫然以至于放棄。請就下列問題問問自己并誠實(shí)地回答：
1. Why do you need to learn/improve English? 你有必要學(xué)習(xí)或提高你的英語水平嗎？
2. Where will you need to use English? 日常生活中你會用到英語嗎？
3. What skills do you need to learn/improve? (Reading/Writing/Listening/Speaking) 你想學(xué)習(xí)或提高哪一部分技能哪？（比如：讀、說、聽、寫）
4. How soon do you need to see results? 你想在多長時(shí)間內(nèi)達(dá)到預(yù)期效果哪？
5. How much time can you afford to devote to learning English. 在英語學(xué)習(xí)上你會花費(fèi)多長時(shí)間哪？
6. How much money can you afford to devote to learning English. 在學(xué)習(xí)英語上你打算花多少錢哪？
7. Do you have a plan or learning strategy? 你有制定學(xué)習(xí)計(jì)劃或策略嗎？
三、Set yourself achievable goals. 給自己定立一個(gè)切實(shí)可行的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)。
You know how much time you can dedicate to learning English, but a short time each day will produce better, longer-term results than a full day on the weekend and then nothing for two weeks.
應(yīng)當(dāng)清楚你會在英語上花費(fèi)多少時(shí)間，每天短時(shí)間的學(xué)習(xí)會達(dá)到相對比較好的效果，長期的、有計(jì)劃地學(xué)習(xí)會比用整整一個(gè)周末來學(xué)習(xí)而后兩周都不碰書本要好的多。
Joining a short intensive course could produce better results than joining a course that takes place once a week for six months.
短期的集訓(xùn)課程會比每周一次為期六個(gè)月的課程的效果好得多。
四、Here are some goals you could set yourself:-下面是一些可以為自己制定的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：
1. Join an English course (and attend regularly). 參加一個(gè)英語培訓(xùn)班（并堅(jiān)持下來）。
2. Do your homework. 按時(shí)做家庭作業(yè)。
3. Read a book a month. 每月讀一本書。
4. Learn a new word every day. 每天學(xué)一個(gè)新詞。
5. Visit an English speaking forum every day. 每天訪問口語論壇。
6. Read a news article on the net every day. 每天在網(wǎng)上閱讀新聞。
7. Do 10 minutes listening practice every day. 每天做10分鐘聽力練習(xí)。
8. Watch an English film at least once a month. 最少每月看一部英文電影。
9. Follow a soap, comedy or radio or TV drama. 堅(jiān)持聽廣播或電視上的肥皂劇、喜劇戲劇等。
A good way to meet your goals is to establish a system of rewards and punishments.
達(dá)成既定目標(biāo)的一個(gè)好方法就是給自己制定出獎(jiǎng)懲制度。
Decide on a reward you will give yourself for fulfilling your goals for a month.
如果你一個(gè)月中很好地履行了預(yù)定目標(biāo)將給予獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)。比如：
1. A bottle of your favourite drink 一瓶喜歡的飲料
2. A meal out / or a nice meal at home 到外面或在家里大吃一頓
3. A new outfit 給自己添加一個(gè)新玩意
4. A manicure or massage 去外面修修指甲或按按摩
五、Understanding how you learn best may also help you. 了解使用什么樣的方法會使自己學(xué)習(xí)的更有效。
There are different ways to learn. Find out what kind of learner you are in order to better understand how to learn more effectively...
學(xué)習(xí)方法各有不同，確定自己屬于哪一類型，以便使理解和學(xué)習(xí)更有效...
1.The visual learner 視覺型（的判斷方法）
Do you need to see your teacher during lessons in order to fully understand the content of a lesson?
你是否需要老師站在講壇上，這樣才能完全理解所學(xué)的內(nèi)容？
Do you prefer to sit at the front of the classroom to avoid visual obstructions (e.g. people's heads)?
你是否偏重于坐在前排聽講以排除視覺干擾（如晃來晃去的人頭等）？
Do you think in pictures and learn best from visual displays including: diagrams, illustrated text books, overhead transparencies, videos, flipcharts and hand-outs?
你是否認(rèn)為圖片形式的視覺展示會有利于學(xué)習(xí)，包括流程展示、圖表展示、教學(xué)投影展示、視頻演示、掛圖以及肢體語言等？
During a lecture or classroom discussion, do you prefer to take detailed notes to absorb the information?
上課或課堂討論你是否喜歡記錄詳細(xì)的筆記以便汲取更多的信息？
【學(xué)習(xí)提示】 !Learning Tip - you may benefit from taking part in traditional English lessons, but maybe private lessons would be better.
--上傳統(tǒng)的大課會有所收獲，但請私人老師效果會更好。
2.The auditory learner 聽覺型（判斷方法）
Do you learn best through verbal lectures, discussions, talking things through and listening to what others have to say?
以下幾種方法是否會只學(xué)習(xí)更有效：口授課程、討論、談?wù)摶騼A聽別人講述？
Do you interpret the underlying meanings of speech through listening to tone of voice, pitch, speed and other nuances?
你是否通過下列方式理解別人表述的意思，如，語調(diào)、音調(diào)及語速等？
Does written information have little meaning until you hear it?
你是通過聽才會更清晰地理解書面的信息嗎？
【學(xué)習(xí)提示】 !Learning Tip - you may benefit from listening to the radio or listening to text as you read it. You could try reading text aloud and using a tape recorder to play it back to yourself.
--聽廣播或者看書的同時(shí)聽這些文本的錄音會使你有所收益。你可以嘗試?yán)首x文章然后用錄音機(jī)回放所讀的內(nèi)容。
3.The Tactile/Kinesthetic learner 觸覺/動覺型（判斷方法）
Do you learn best through a hands-on approach, actively exploring the physical world around you?
你是否認(rèn)為實(shí)地接觸互動的方式來了解周圍的事物會對學(xué)習(xí)更有好處？
Do you find it hard to sit still for long periods?
你是否覺得長時(shí)間坐在那里很枯燥乏味？
Do you become distracted easily?
（上課或?qū)W習(xí)時(shí)）你是否容易走神？
【學(xué)習(xí)提示】 !Learning Tip - you may benefit from taking an active part in role plays or drama activities.
--你更適合于角色扮演或情景式的表演活動。
六、Here's How: 13條英語學(xué)習(xí)的座右銘：
1.Remember that learning a language is a gradual process - it does not happen overnight.
學(xué)習(xí)一種語言是個(gè)循序漸進(jìn)的過程，不可能一蹴而就。
2.Define your learning objectives early: What do you want to learn and why?
盡早定立你的學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)，即“你要學(xué)到些什么？為什么要學(xué)”？
3.Make learning a habit. Try to learn something every day. It is much better to study (or read, or listen to English news, etc.) 10 minutes each day than to study for 2 hours once a week.
使學(xué)習(xí)成為一種習(xí)慣。嘗試每天都要學(xué)些東西，每天學(xué)習(xí)10分鐘要比每周一次學(xué)習(xí)兩小時(shí)效果好的多。
4.Remember to make learning a habit! If you study each day for 10 minutes English will be constantly in your head. If you study once a week, English will not be as present in your mind.
千萬記住，學(xué)習(xí)要成為一種習(xí)慣！每天學(xué)10分鐘，英語會持續(xù)停留在頭腦中。如果每周只學(xué)一次，頭腦中的英語已經(jīng)不復(fù)存在了。
5.Choose your materials well. You will need reading, grammar, writing, speaking and listening materials.
選擇適合你的資料，包括讀、說、聽、寫和語法資料。
6.Vary your learning routine. It is best to do different things each day to help keep the various relationships between each area active. In other words, don't just study grammar.
使你的學(xué)習(xí)多樣化。最好每天做不同的操練，以保持信息的多樣性。換句話說就是，不要只學(xué)習(xí)語法等等。
7.Find friends to study and speak with. Learning English together can be very encouraging.
尋找學(xué)習(xí)和對話的伙伴。一起學(xué)習(xí)會起到相互鼓勵(lì)的作用。
8.Choose listening and reading materials that relate to what you are interested in. Being interested in the subject will make learning more enjoyable - thus more effective.
選擇與你的興趣相關(guān)的聽力和閱讀材料。專注于感興趣的領(lǐng)域會使學(xué)習(xí)更有趣，也更有效。
9.Relate grammar to practical usage. Grammar by itself does not help you USE the language. You should practice what you are learning by employing it actively.
將語法與實(shí)踐相聯(lián)系。語法本身不會有助于語言運(yùn)用，要吧它運(yùn)用于你所學(xué)的內(nèi)容當(dāng)中，使它變成活的東西。
10.Move your mouth! Understanding something doesn't mean the muscles of your mouth can produce the sounds. Practice speaking what you are learning aloud. It may seem strange, but it is very effective.
張開你的尊口！理解了某些東西并不意味著你的口（部肌肉）就會準(zhǔn)確地表達(dá)來。把你的所學(xué)出聲地說出來。這聽起來有些怪，但很有效。
11.Be patient with yourself. Remember learning is a process - speaking a language well takes time. It is not a computer that is either on or off!
對待自己要有耐心。請記住學(xué)習(xí)是個(gè)過程，學(xué)習(xí)語言是很費(fèi)時(shí)的事情。這并不像開關(guān)計(jì)算機(jī)那樣簡單。
12.Communicate! There is nothing like communicating in English and being successful. Grammar exercises are good - having your friend on the other side of the world understand your email is fantastic!
交流！沒有什么比用英語交流更容易獲得成功的了。一種語法練習(xí)的好方法--你的朋友在世界的另一頭讀懂了你的電子郵件就是件很神奇的事情。
13.Use the Internet. The Internet is the most exciting, unlimited English resource that anyone could imagine and it is right at your finger tips.
運(yùn)用網(wǎng)絡(luò)?；ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)真是令人興奮，任何人都可以利用的無盡的英語資源，只需你手指輕輕一點(diǎn)。
【學(xué)習(xí)提示】 Tips: Remember that English learning is a Process. Be patient with yourself. Practice, practice, practice。
--記住學(xué)習(xí)英語是一個(gè)過程，要對自己有耐心。練習(xí)，練習(xí)，再練習(xí)。
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