全國卷自2014年開始啟用語法填空題，通過對2014--2019共計16套試卷語法填空題的分析歸納，現(xiàn)將常見考點類型規(guī)納如下，供參考！副詞1、?？冀Y(jié)構(gòu)：（1）be+副詞+ done，如...be officially（official）given…...much of the range has been poorly (poor) studied... （2）動詞+名詞+副詞，如...we take short breaks regularly（regular）....give out that heat slowly (slow)… （3）連詞+副詞+動詞，如...which gradually (gradual) turned into chopsticks. （4）名詞/代詞+副詞+動詞，如 ... it actually (actual) caught fire... ...crowd of strangerssuddenly(sudden) became...itregularly (regular) arranges… （5）be+副詞+ 形容詞，如 It is certainly (certain) fun… It must have been fairly (fair) unpleasant... ...stories that were hugely (huge) popular with... （6）be+副詞+介詞短語 A taste for meal is actually (actual) behind... （7）謂語結(jié)構(gòu)中間Years of hard work have finally(final) been acknowledged...2、考法：形變副3、考過的單詞：actually (actual考過兩次), suddenly (sudden), slowly(slow),earlier/before, officially (official), regularly (regular考過兩次),gradually(gradual), certainly(certain), fairly(fair)， finally(final)Tip:熟記形容詞變副詞的基本規(guī)則，尤其是以able/ple/tle/ry結(jié)尾的形容詞。 連詞（包括從句）（1）考法：并列連詞 (and ,or,but,so)定語從句(which/that/when/where/whose)名詞性從句（what/how/if）狀語從句 (when/as/if/unless/although/until/before） （2）考過的連詞： ①2次考查and，如There were many people waiting, and some of them looked very anxious……Korea, and Vietnam… ②or和but如： a few days or even a few months......not because I have to, but because I want to. ③10次考查定語從句連詞，如…show in the mid-1980s, when I was the first Western TV reporter……Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.…the mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that/which are pictured by……a habit that/which is driving…...it’s possible to have too much of both, which is not good for......But Sarah, who has taken part in......made a study published in 2014,which showed a mere five to 10 minutes......a soil-testing program which/that gives specific fertilizer......at the pet shop in Macclesfield, which she opend with her husband......by their masters, who had great experience... ④how+副詞或形容詞，如…figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be… ⑤as 形容詞/副詞 as，如：…be as productive as possible before lunch.'隨著'或'當(dāng)……時', 如As/When the population grew, people began cutting food into small pieces… ⑥同位語從句 如，...there is evidence that they range all the way... ⑦狀語從句so...that... 如，...it was raining so hard that we couldn’t...Tip:重點學(xué)會判斷從句類型，復(fù)習(xí)定語從句、名詞性從句和狀語從句基本用法。 動詞（1）考法：涉及主謂一致、時態(tài)、語態(tài)、非謂語動詞。（2）考過的動詞：其中提示詞be出現(xiàn)7次，make 出現(xiàn)2次，use 出現(xiàn)2次。①動詞原形(考過一次)，如…make（make）sure it’s a relief… ②第三人稱單數(shù)，如：This cycle goes (go) day after day.School comes (come) first. ③一般過去式，如：…when I arrived (arrive) in Yangshuo…Later,engineers managed (manage) to construct railways...A boy on a bike caught (catch) my attention....when the government started a soil-testing program......the huge animal meant (mean) me no real harm......proud Irene declared (declare) she had no plans......our host recommended (recommend) places...④現(xiàn)在完成時（一般有標(biāo)志時間狀語），如...Since 2011,the country has grown (grow) more corn than rice....in recent years, Inuit people have reported increases in......all the friends I have made (make) over the years... ⑤單個be動詞考查，如：Leaving the less important things until tomorrow is（be）often acceptable....knives would remind people of killings and were (be) too violent…It was (be) unimaginable…Yangshuo is (be) really beautiful.Fast food is (be) full of fat and salt.The review says it is (be) more effective...Of the nineteen...,six are (be) stable...⑥常見的幾種被動語態(tài)，如 …I was allowed（allow）to get up close to…Truly elegant chopsticks might be made (make) of…Sarah was told (tell) that she could be Britain’s new model...Steam engines were used (use) to pull the carriages...When fat and salt are removed (remove) from the food......we were invited (invite) to attend...⑦現(xiàn)在分詞（作狀語和定語）或動名詞（介詞或后接doing的動詞后）如…will include introducing（introduce）British visitors…Still, the boy kept riding (ride).People probably cooked their food in large pots, using (use) twigs (樹枝) to remove it....without using (use) electric equipment…worried about being (be) late for school.…for people living (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong....Sarah is not spending half term resting (rest)......This included digging up the road, laying (lay) the track......by eating (eat) more fast food......still reduce the risk of dying (die) early...[容易錯寫成death]...ducking my head to avoid looking (look) directly into his eyes......Scientists have responded by noting (note) that......while feeding its citizens......we got a call saying (say)......has been rewarded “Women of the Year” for being (be)......we were invited to attend a concert..., listening (listen) to musicians...⑧過去分詞作后置定語和表語。如：I was the first Western TV reporter permitted（permit）…A study of travelersconducted (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo…The adobe dwellings (土坯房) built (build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired…...so he doesn’t feel challenged (challenge)...⑨不定式，表目的/接在名詞后作定語、用于固定結(jié)構(gòu)句型（It took years of work to do; refuse to do, be+形容詞（enough）+to do , be likely to do），如：…you’ll be less likely to bring（bring）your work home.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal to create (create) special designs.…are now cold enough to cool (cool) the house…It took years of work to reduce (reduce) the industrial pollution……but he refused to stop (stop)…...wants to prove (prove) that she has...They are required to process (process) the food......don’t have to run fast or for long to see (see) the benefits......grow corn instead of rice to improve (improve) water quality......he allowed me to stay (stay) and watch......are expensive to perform consistently......she had no plans to retire (retire)......how long it would take to get (get)there...
⑩助動詞用于疑問句， 如
“ Did anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?”
Tip:1. 謂語動詞基本時態(tài)和語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)（一般現(xiàn)在/過去/現(xiàn)在完成時）2. 非謂語動詞的基本用法（定語、狀語以及一些固定短語和句型）3. 重視所給詞為be動詞的考點4.所給動詞前是情態(tài)動詞，優(yōu)先考慮被動，如should be made 名詞（1）名詞考查結(jié)構(gòu)：①冠詞(the)+名詞+動詞(be)；②形容詞性物主代詞(their)/形容詞(top/many/few/recent)+名詞；③冠詞(the)+名詞+介詞(of)；④介詞（of）+名詞：（2）考查方式及考過單詞：①名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)（考過的詞）changes(change),paintings(painting), studies(study), effects(effect),crowds(crowd),invitations(invitation), causes(cause)②動詞變名詞單數(shù)（考過的詞）achievement(achieve)，development(develop),attraction (attract),education(educate),introduction(introduce)，pollution(pollute),belief(believe);competition(compete)③形容詞變名詞【ability (able)】4. 名詞變動詞【strengthen(strength)】5. 名詞變形容詞energetic(energy), global(globe); wonderful(wonder);traditional(tradition); careful(care)6. 名詞變名詞【scientist(science)】 Tip:注意名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化的規(guī)則/不規(guī)則變化/動詞轉(zhuǎn)名詞，比如2019年的believe-belief需要重點強記。 形容詞（1）主要考查：形容詞作定語修飾名詞，形容詞作表語，比較級和最高級（2）形容詞考查結(jié)構(gòu)及考過的單詞：①比較級和最高級，如…greater (great) and less importance. …is cleaner (clean) than ever. ...even worse (bad)...runners live 3 years longer (long) than non-runners....screamed loudest of all......are higher (high) than...2019首次出現(xiàn)逆向考查比較級（需填than）it’s more effective at lengthening life than walking...[很多錯填成by！]...Corn uses less water than rice and creates... ②名詞變形容詞，如：natural (nature) architectsthe most successful (success)...be careful (care) not to...Just be patient (patience)....it’s always energetic (energy)... ③分詞作形容詞(過去分詞（修飾人）作表語、現(xiàn)在分詞（修飾物）作定語)，如：…amazing (amaze) stories……some of them looked very anxious anddisappointed(disappoint)… Tip:1. 掌握形容詞變比較級和最高級的基本用法；2. 高度重視逆向考法，如根據(jù)比較級填than，2019首次出現(xiàn)；3. 部分特殊詞的不規(guī)則變化（good/bad/little/much等） 介詞（1）主要是考查固定搭配，其中to 出現(xiàn)了2次to (next to , go back to)by (by bus)at (at the same time) on (focus on) with (eat with hands)search for gorillasmodern methods of/for tracking...基本用法：a degree in engineering;travel to and from work;as a method of fighting heart diseaseTip:1.掌握常見介詞的基本用法；2.背誦高中階段常見的短語3.特別注意特殊的介詞（like/unlike/as） 冠詞（1）the出現(xiàn)7次：the (2次后接most, 1次后接other，1次over the top,1次over the past 25 years，1次at the top of,1次of the nineteen)（2）a (for a while) ; as a model; as a result; it was a jokeTip:1. 背誦常見的短語；2. 注意：an honor/hour a university a unique person a useful book 代詞（1）its出現(xiàn)2次：作定語如…its (it) mother… …with its (it) choking smog…（2）作表語如：“Oh dear! It’s me/mine (I).”（3）作賓語如：...people were using it... ...should all give it a try... ...glad to find them (they) alive...（4）作主語 如：I don’t know who is more frightened...Tip:1. 掌握代詞基本用法（如：We-us-our-ours-ourselves）2. 重視代詞it特殊用法（形式賓語 make it a rule to do/make it clear that.../make it adj. to do sth.）（固定短語 as sb. put it, make it...）3. 所給提示詞為it（注意考慮its或者itself）
