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條文中指明必須按其他有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行的寫法為“應(yīng)按……執(zhí)行”或“應(yīng)符合……的規(guī)定”。","nodeType":"3","display":"inline","nodeAttrs":[],"childNodes":[]}]}]}]}]},"imageUrls":["https://image108.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2017/07/2922/107036931_1.png","https://image108.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2017/07/2922/107036931_2.jpg","https://image108.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2017/07/2922/107036931_3.jpg","https://image108.360doc.com/DownloadImg/2017/07/2922/107036931_4.jpg"],"text":"4399目錄1總則2術(shù)語3一般規(guī)定4保護(hù)規(guī)劃5風(fēng)景游賞規(guī)劃5．1 景源規(guī)劃5．2 風(fēng)景建設(shè)5．3 游賞組織6設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．1 服務(wù)設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．2 綜合游覽交通規(guī)劃6．3 基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施規(guī)劃7居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃8用地協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)劃8．1 用地規(guī)劃8．2 用地控制9建設(shè)布局與設(shè)計(jì)10成果規(guī)定本規(guī)范用詞說明1總則1 總則1．0．1 \n為更好地保護(hù)我國風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)資源和指導(dǎo)建設(shè)行為，促進(jìn)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃編制的規(guī)范化和科學(xué)化，制定本規(guī)范。1．0．2 \n本規(guī)范適用于國家級(jí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃的編制工作。 1．0．3 風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃應(yīng)遵循下列基本原則：????1 \n符合統(tǒng)籌規(guī)劃、突出特色、嚴(yán)格保護(hù)、因地制宜、低碳節(jié)能、科學(xué)發(fā)展的原則；????2 \n符合并落實(shí)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃的要求，能夠指導(dǎo)工程設(shè)計(jì)；????3 嚴(yán)格保護(hù)景源及其環(huán)境，突出景源特色，提升景源價(jià)值；????4 \n綜合考慮風(fēng)景資源、生態(tài)環(huán)境、地形地貌、居民人口、景區(qū)發(fā)展等各項(xiàng)要素，合理組織游覽活動(dòng)，恰當(dāng)安排各項(xiàng)設(shè)施建設(shè)，完善服務(wù)功能，促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展；????5 \n為風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)規(guī)劃管理和建設(shè)提供依據(jù)，提升風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)品質(zhì)和服務(wù)水平。1．0．4 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃范圍宜以景區(qū)為基本編制單元，獨(dú)立或有一定規(guī)模的服務(wù)設(shè)施集中區(qū)、居民點(diǎn)及特別地段可單獨(dú)編制詳細(xì)規(guī)劃。在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃的同一規(guī)劃期內(nèi)，不得在同一地塊重疊編制詳細(xì)規(guī)劃。1．0．5 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃應(yīng)當(dāng)包括下列主要內(nèi)容：現(xiàn)狀條件綜合分析與景源評價(jià)、規(guī)劃區(qū)定位與發(fā)展方向、功能布局、保護(hù)規(guī)劃、風(fēng)景游賞規(guī)劃、服務(wù)設(shè)施建設(shè)規(guī)劃、綜合游覽交通規(guī)劃、居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃、用地協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)劃、基礎(chǔ)工程規(guī)劃。1．0．6 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃除應(yīng)遵守本規(guī)范外，還應(yīng)符合國家現(xiàn)行的有關(guān)法律、法規(guī)及強(qiáng)制性標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的規(guī)定。2術(shù)語2?術(shù)語 2．0．1 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃????是指根據(jù)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃要求和風(fēng)景保護(hù)、建設(shè)、發(fā)展等需要，在一定用地范圍內(nèi)，對于相應(yīng)的空間要素進(jìn)行的具體安排和詳細(xì)布置。2．0．2 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃區(qū)????簡稱規(guī)劃區(qū)，是指編制風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃的用地范圍及其空間區(qū)域。2．0．3 \n保護(hù)區(qū)????為保護(hù)各種自然、生態(tài)、文化、史跡、景觀等因素及其空間環(huán)境而劃定的特別區(qū)域。如各級(jí)自然生態(tài)保護(hù)區(qū)、各種史跡保護(hù)區(qū)、景觀保護(hù)區(qū)或其他特別保護(hù)區(qū)等。2．0．4 \n保護(hù)設(shè)施????為了保障自然生態(tài)、文化史跡、特別景觀、瀕危珍稀野生動(dòng)植物、特有群落和物種，以及運(yùn)行游覽安全等而在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)設(shè)立的相應(yīng)設(shè)施。2．0．5 \n服務(wù)設(shè)施????是指為在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)旅行、游覽、服務(wù)、接待等需要而設(shè)置的各項(xiàng)設(shè)施的統(tǒng)稱。一般可以包括：游客中心、賓館、餐飲、交通、商店、小賣、醫(yī)療救護(hù)等服務(wù)設(shè)施。2．0．6 \n景觀視線????也稱視線，是指景點(diǎn)到景點(diǎn)、游覽點(diǎn)到景觀點(diǎn)之間的空間通視線或?qū)σ暰€。2．0．7 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃編制單元????簡稱編制單元，指符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)保護(hù)、利用、建設(shè)綜合特征的詳細(xì)規(guī)劃范圍。2．0．8 \n景區(qū)地塊????在規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)，根據(jù)土地使用性質(zhì)劃分的最小景觀、保護(hù)或建設(shè)的用地單元。2．0．9 \n強(qiáng)制性控制指標(biāo)????指風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)對建設(shè)項(xiàng)目的功能、規(guī)模、選址、用地范圍，及其他需要嚴(yán)格保護(hù)的內(nèi)容等實(shí)行嚴(yán)格控制和強(qiáng)制執(zhí)行的一類指標(biāo)。????強(qiáng)制性控制指標(biāo)一般包括：用地性質(zhì)、用地面積、綠地率、建筑密度、建筑性質(zhì)、建筑控制高度、停車泊位及配套公共服務(wù)設(shè)施。 \n2．0．10 建筑總量????一定范圍內(nèi)建筑面積的總量。2．0．11 \n地表改變率????原有地形、地貌、地表植被等被改變的面積占總面積的比率。2．0．12 \n游覽交通出入口方位????規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)允許設(shè)置出入口的方向和位置。具體分為：主要人流出入口方位、機(jī)動(dòng)車出入口方位和禁止機(jī)動(dòng)車出入地段2．0．13 \n景區(qū)停車泊位????規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)應(yīng)配置的停車車位數(shù)。3一般規(guī)定3 一般規(guī)定3．0．1 詳細(xì)規(guī)劃綜合調(diào)查與現(xiàn)狀分析應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定。????1 \n基礎(chǔ)資料收集應(yīng)包括相關(guān)規(guī)劃與專題報(bào)告、測繪與遙感等信息資料、自然與資源條件、自然文化景觀資源、生態(tài)與環(huán)境水平、設(shè)施與基礎(chǔ)工程條件、經(jīng)濟(jì)與土地及其他資料等內(nèi)容。????2 \n對規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)的風(fēng)景資源、游覽狀況，以及用地條件、地形地貌、植物、生態(tài)環(huán)境、建筑、交通、基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施等現(xiàn)狀應(yīng)進(jìn)行綜合分析。????3 \n規(guī)劃應(yīng)明確規(guī)劃區(qū)所在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的位置及其與其他區(qū)域的相關(guān)性，詳細(xì)分析風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃對規(guī)劃區(qū)的資源保護(hù)、景觀展示、用地建設(shè)、功能要求、設(shè)施配置、居民調(diào)控、規(guī)模與容量控制等各方面的要求。????4 \n現(xiàn)狀綜合分析結(jié)果應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確歸納上位規(guī)劃要求、規(guī)劃定位、規(guī)模容量，發(fā)展的有利條件與制約因素，明確禁止建設(shè)、限制建設(shè)與適宜建設(shè)區(qū)域、確定發(fā)展方向與重點(diǎn)。3．0．2 \n規(guī)劃區(qū)定性應(yīng)依據(jù)總體規(guī)劃，結(jié)合規(guī)劃區(qū)的風(fēng)景資源價(jià)值、游賞特點(diǎn)、主要功能、保護(hù)要求和相關(guān)發(fā)展條件等因素綜合確定。規(guī)劃區(qū)定性應(yīng)明確表述風(fēng)景特征、主要功能、規(guī)劃區(qū)類型等內(nèi)容，定性用詞應(yīng)準(zhǔn)確精煉。3．0．3 \n規(guī)劃布局應(yīng)功能組織清晰、空間關(guān)系合理，各部分有機(jī)關(guān)聯(lián)，能夠突出資源特色與主體功能，設(shè)施建設(shè)布置符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)保護(hù)規(guī)定。3．0．4 \n詳細(xì)規(guī)劃容量主要應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容：????1 規(guī)劃區(qū)的游人容量和規(guī)模；????2 \n規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)有一個(gè)及其以上村莊的應(yīng)測算規(guī)劃區(qū)總?cè)丝谝?guī)模；????3 \n根據(jù)人口規(guī)模以及資源保護(hù)、游覽觀賞、景觀美學(xué)等需要測算規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)的建設(shè)容量等。3．0．5 \n游人容量和規(guī)模測算應(yīng)根據(jù)總體規(guī)劃要求和現(xiàn)狀條件，按照國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)規(guī)劃規(guī)范》規(guī)定，采用線路法、卡口法、面積法、綜合平衡法等方法進(jìn)行詳細(xì)計(jì)算，同時(shí)結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)氐慕o水、用地、相關(guān)設(shè)施及環(huán)境質(zhì)量等條件進(jìn)行校核與綜合平衡。3．0．6 \n功能綜合或空間相對獨(dú)立的規(guī)劃區(qū)應(yīng)增加與總體規(guī)劃的相銜接的規(guī)劃內(nèi)容，必要時(shí)，可增加對總體規(guī)劃內(nèi)容的深化規(guī)劃研究，梳理并細(xì)化總體規(guī)劃對于詳細(xì)規(guī)劃的內(nèi)容、布局結(jié)構(gòu)和具體建設(shè)要求等。3．0．7 \n對于總體規(guī)劃確定的重大工程項(xiàng)目安排應(yīng)進(jìn)行專題研究論證或單獨(dú)編制專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃。并應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n保護(hù)游覽和生態(tài)環(huán)境，避開核心風(fēng)景資源和重要保護(hù)區(qū)域；????2 進(jìn)行游覽與景觀影響評價(jià)、生態(tài)敏感評價(jià)、環(huán)境影響評價(jià)；????3 \n提出選址選線方案、景觀與生態(tài)恢復(fù)方案、經(jīng)濟(jì)影響補(bǔ)償方案以及施工建設(shè)期間的保護(hù)方案等。3．0．8 \n規(guī)劃實(shí)施的行動(dòng)計(jì)劃應(yīng)確定規(guī)劃實(shí)施的目標(biāo)、重點(diǎn)內(nèi)容、具體項(xiàng)目、經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)指標(biāo)，估算投資額；應(yīng)編制規(guī)劃實(shí)施項(xiàng)目庫，明確建設(shè)內(nèi)容與控制要求等內(nèi)容。4保護(hù)規(guī)劃4 保護(hù)規(guī)劃4．0．1 \n規(guī)劃應(yīng)深化風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃的保護(hù)培育要求，提出針對性的景源保護(hù)、生態(tài)恢復(fù)、環(huán)境整治、游覽引導(dǎo)、建設(shè)控制等具體保護(hù)措施內(nèi)容。4．0．2 \n自然文化景觀資源保護(hù)，應(yīng)根據(jù)景源的保護(hù)級(jí)別與特性，分析觀賞視線與生態(tài)敏感區(qū)域，劃定保護(hù)空間范圍，確定保護(hù)措施；保護(hù)特色風(fēng)景資源，制定游覽組織、設(shè)施建設(shè)、景觀保護(hù)等方面的保護(hù)規(guī)定；嚴(yán)格保護(hù)歷史人文景源，劃定保護(hù)控制范圍，制定針對性的保護(hù)規(guī)定。4．0．3 \n珍稀動(dòng)植物資源的保護(hù)，應(yīng)在專題調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上，編制珍稀動(dòng)植物資源保護(hù)名錄，摸清各類動(dòng)物活動(dòng)習(xí)性、活動(dòng)規(guī)律和植物群落特點(diǎn)，劃定保護(hù)范圍，預(yù)留生物保護(hù)廊道，限定游人活動(dòng)區(qū)域，設(shè)置保護(hù)設(shè)施，確定保護(hù)措施與方式。4．0．4 \n風(fēng)景林和特色植物景觀保護(hù)，應(yīng)明確保護(hù)培育與限制隨意砍伐等措施；保護(hù)古樹名木，應(yīng)建立古樹名木檔案，掛牌保護(hù)并提出有針對性的保護(hù)與復(fù)壯措施，發(fā)揮科普教育和歷史文化作用；維護(hù)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的自然植物景觀，植物選擇應(yīng)以鄉(xiāng)土地帶性樹種為主，避免人工化、城市化種植方式。4．0．5 \n對于風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的外來物種應(yīng)加以限制，重視培育本地物種，保護(hù)原生群落和物種環(huán)境，有計(jì)劃地清除外來有害植物，防止外來物種入侵。對于經(jīng)過多年引種馴化并取得成功的、經(jīng)過科學(xué)研究和論證確定是安全的物種，可以在規(guī)劃中有限制地使用。4．0．6 \n對退化、受破壞的自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng)應(yīng)進(jìn)行規(guī)劃恢復(fù)，劃定生態(tài)恢復(fù)范圍，提出保護(hù)措施和具體修復(fù)方案。對于因生產(chǎn)生活產(chǎn)生的污染問題，應(yīng)提出規(guī)劃治理意見。4．0．7 \n規(guī)劃區(qū)的環(huán)境保護(hù)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與要求應(yīng)執(zhí)行國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)規(guī)劃規(guī)范》和國家環(huán)境保護(hù)的有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范規(guī)定。4．0．8 \n景觀環(huán)境整治應(yīng)維護(hù)自然山水格局與景觀肌理，保護(hù)風(fēng)景環(huán)境，延續(xù)當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)景觀風(fēng)貌，提升景觀環(huán)境品質(zhì)，突出規(guī)劃區(qū)環(huán)境的景觀特色。4．0．9 \n對于地質(zhì)災(zāi)害、自然災(zāi)害等安全隱患區(qū)應(yīng)進(jìn)行游覽安全控制，劃定游人游覽區(qū)域與非游覽區(qū)域，制定游覽活動(dòng)與方式規(guī)定，對存在安全隱患區(qū)域應(yīng)以采取避讓措施為主，并對規(guī)劃區(qū)內(nèi)的安全隱患提出切實(shí)可行的技術(shù)防治措施。4．0．10 \n在生態(tài)保護(hù)區(qū)、自然景觀保護(hù)區(qū)、史跡保護(hù)區(qū)等敏感和特別保護(hù)區(qū)域，應(yīng)設(shè)置動(dòng)植物保護(hù)、環(huán)境保護(hù)、游人安全的監(jiān)測站點(diǎn)及設(shè)施等。5風(fēng)景游賞規(guī)劃5．1 景源規(guī)劃5．1 景源規(guī)劃5．1．1 \n詳細(xì)規(guī)劃景源調(diào)查評價(jià)應(yīng)在總體規(guī)劃景源評價(jià)的基礎(chǔ)上，在規(guī)劃范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行全面、深入調(diào)查，挖掘新的景點(diǎn)和景物，摸清新景源的分布、特征、環(huán)境等基本情況，進(jìn)行景源評價(jià)；宜將風(fēng)景資源類型劃分至子類，完善景源系統(tǒng)。確定景源在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)中的作用與地位。5．1．2 \n景點(diǎn)規(guī)劃應(yīng)明確景點(diǎn)的構(gòu)成內(nèi)容、特征；測算主要景點(diǎn)游人容量；確定景點(diǎn)范圍內(nèi)可開展的活動(dòng)內(nèi)容；范圍大、內(nèi)容綜合的景點(diǎn)明確主、次、配景關(guān)系，按照漸進(jìn)原則組織觀賞序列；編制景點(diǎn)規(guī)劃一覽表；提出景點(diǎn)提質(zhì)和保護(hù)措施。5．1．3 \n景群、景線規(guī)劃應(yīng)明確其景點(diǎn)構(gòu)成、價(jià)值與景觀特征，劃定范圍，組織觀賞序列和游覽活動(dòng)，充分展示景群、景線的綜合景觀特征，并依據(jù)總體規(guī)劃深化相應(yīng)內(nèi)容。5．1．4 \n景源游賞組織應(yīng)滿足美學(xué)和生態(tài)原則、游人觀賞心理要求；結(jié)合景源在游線上的位置與作用等因素，確定景源的觀賞點(diǎn)；景源觀賞宜遠(yuǎn)近相結(jié)合，一般觀賞點(diǎn)視距宜為景源高度2倍以上，重要景點(diǎn)可建設(shè)觀賞場地。5．1．5 \n天景、地景、水景、園景、生景、建筑、勝跡、風(fēng)物等不同類型景源，應(yīng)根據(jù)其觀賞特點(diǎn)，明確觀賞內(nèi)容、觀賞方式、游人引導(dǎo)、游人量控制、觀賞點(diǎn)設(shè)置等；應(yīng)突出景源的科普教育功能，安排科普教育展示項(xiàng)目與設(shè)施。5．2 風(fēng)景建設(shè)5．2 風(fēng)景建設(shè)5．2．1 \n自然景點(diǎn)、景物的建設(shè)應(yīng)符合游賞組織需要和風(fēng)景美學(xué)規(guī)律，合理選擇游賞道路和布置必要的游覽休息設(shè)施；應(yīng)盡量避免對自然景點(diǎn)、景物進(jìn)行加工改造，確實(shí)有必要修復(fù)的受損部分，應(yīng)進(jìn)行專題研究論證，避免造成人工化問題；改善周邊植物景觀環(huán)境時(shí)應(yīng)符合當(dāng)?shù)卦脖簧L規(guī)律，增強(qiáng)觀賞效果。5．2．2 \n現(xiàn)狀歷史人文景點(diǎn)、景物應(yīng)明確游覽組織安排和景源保護(hù)設(shè)施要求，清理對歷史人文景點(diǎn)、景物有不利影響的其他建筑物和構(gòu)筑物，盡量避免對歷史人文景點(diǎn)、景物改建、擴(kuò)建、加建；歷史建筑修復(fù)應(yīng)保持其真實(shí)性和可識(shí)別性，保持原用地和建筑的布局與規(guī)模；勝跡修復(fù)宜維持其真實(shí)性和延續(xù)性；園景改造應(yīng)延續(xù)原主題和景觀特點(diǎn)。5．2．3 \n遺址復(fù)建應(yīng)進(jìn)行專題研究，論證復(fù)建的必要性和可行性，研究其原址、原貌、原規(guī)模、原功能和景觀空間環(huán)境等情況，根據(jù)現(xiàn)狀情況確定復(fù)建方案；復(fù)建應(yīng)具有歷史連續(xù)性、文化傳承性、景觀一致性和環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)性。5．2．4 \n新建人文景點(diǎn)、景物應(yīng)避開生態(tài)敏感和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患區(qū)域、防洪泄洪區(qū)，以建設(shè)景觀精品為目標(biāo)，提升審美意境，強(qiáng)化景觀特色，豐富游賞內(nèi)容與游賞體驗(yàn)。????1 \n游覽、休憩等風(fēng)景建筑選址符合游覽需要，須與地形、地貌、山石、水體、植物等其他風(fēng)景要素統(tǒng)一協(xié)調(diào)，層數(shù)以一層為宜，主景和點(diǎn)景建筑的高度和層數(shù)服從景觀需要；????2 \n人文主景建設(shè)應(yīng)論證題材與環(huán)境的可行性，布局與選址因地制宜、適應(yīng)環(huán)境，符合空間環(huán)境審美要求；體量、色彩、形式、風(fēng)格、材料等與風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)歷史人文環(huán)境相適應(yīng)，與自然環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，體現(xiàn)風(fēng)景詩畫意境。????3 \n題刻宜選擇自然山石、崖壁，題刻應(yīng)醒目、精煉、具有高度的文學(xué)和藝術(shù)水平。????4 \n自然景觀專類園可結(jié)合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)景觀特點(diǎn)建設(shè)，園址避開生態(tài)環(huán)境優(yōu)良區(qū)域，以自然景觀為主，以科普教育、游憩休閑功能為主。????5 \n文化建筑建設(shè)應(yīng)選擇景區(qū)適宜地點(diǎn)，宜避開重要景觀區(qū)、植物集中分布區(qū)、生態(tài)環(huán)境敏感區(qū)和地質(zhì)災(zāi)害隱患區(qū)等，方便游人到達(dá)。5．3 游賞組織5．3 游賞組織5．3．1 游賞組織應(yīng)包括景觀特征分析與景象展示構(gòu)思，游賞項(xiàng)目安排；游線組織；游程安排等基本內(nèi)容。5．3．2 \n景觀特征分析和景象展示構(gòu)思，應(yīng)遵循景觀多樣化和突出自然美的原則，對景物和景觀的種類、數(shù)量、特點(diǎn)、空間關(guān)系、意趣展示及其觀覽欣賞方式等進(jìn)行具體分析和安排；并對欣賞點(diǎn)選擇及其視點(diǎn)、視角、視距、視線、視域和層次進(jìn)行分析和安排。5．3．3 \n游賞項(xiàng)目安排應(yīng)選擇適于規(guī)劃區(qū)的游賞項(xiàng)目，確定項(xiàng)目類型、名稱、選址、范圍、游賞方式、游賞內(nèi)容等，編制游賞項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃一覽表。5．3．4 \n游線組織應(yīng)明確主、次游線，應(yīng)滿足美學(xué)原則、游人觀賞心理及游覽時(shí)段變化要求，組織景源游賞序列，確定主、次、配景源，選擇景源觀賞點(diǎn)。景源觀賞宜遠(yuǎn)近結(jié)合，重要景點(diǎn)可建設(shè)觀賞場地。5．3．5 \n游覽路線和安排游程應(yīng)綜合車行、自行車、步行、乘船、騎馬等各類游覽方式來確定。6設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．1 服務(wù)設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．1 服務(wù)設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．1．1 \n服務(wù)設(shè)施規(guī)劃應(yīng)包括：旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施和管理服務(wù)設(shè)施兩部分；旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施主要由旅行、游覽、飲食、住宿、購物、娛樂及其他七類相關(guān)設(shè)施組成；管理服務(wù)設(shè)施主要由管理辦公、安全和醫(yī)藥衛(wèi)生三類相關(guān)設(shè)施組成。風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)主要服務(wù)設(shè)施應(yīng)滿足無障礙設(shè)計(jì)要求和不同人群游覽需要。6．1．2 \n標(biāo)示標(biāo)牌設(shè)置應(yīng)符合以下要求：????在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)入口明顯位置設(shè)置風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)徽志標(biāo)示；在景源入口、觀賞點(diǎn)、科普點(diǎn)等明顯位置，設(shè)置解說性景觀設(shè)施介紹與景源相關(guān)的科普知識(shí)、愛國主義教育等內(nèi)容；在景區(qū)主要位置、道路重要轉(zhuǎn)折點(diǎn)、重要設(shè)施附近等位置設(shè)立游覽、服務(wù)、管理等標(biāo)示；在有游覽安全隱患處及其他需要提示安全的位置設(shè)立安全警示標(biāo)志等；風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)標(biāo)示標(biāo)牌宜進(jìn)行系列規(guī)劃、統(tǒng)一樣式、規(guī)范設(shè)置。6．1．3 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)游客中心分為主要游客中心、一般游客中心和城鎮(zhèn)游客中心。游客中心設(shè)置應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：主要游客中心宜設(shè)置在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)主入口附近，一般游客中心可設(shè)置在獨(dú)立景區(qū)或次要入口附近，鄰近城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)區(qū)的風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)游客中心可設(shè)置于城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)區(qū)。游客中心的基本功能應(yīng)包含信息咨詢、展示陳列、科普教育、旅游服務(wù)、醫(yī)療救護(hù)等功能。6．1．4 \n餐飲、住宿設(shè)施布局與建設(shè)應(yīng)結(jié)合總體規(guī)劃確定的旅游服務(wù)基地進(jìn)行設(shè)置，其建筑形式應(yīng)與當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)民居建筑相協(xié)調(diào)，建設(shè)體量宜小不宜大，建筑高度宜低不宜高，建設(shè)風(fēng)格宜簡不宜繁。其植物景觀應(yīng)與自然景觀環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。6．1．5 \n在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)的郵電所、郵電局宜設(shè)置在總體規(guī)劃確定的旅游服務(wù)基地，郵亭宜設(shè)置在主要景區(qū)出入口等處。6．1．6 \n旅游商店、小賣、商亭等購物設(shè)施宜設(shè)置在游人密集地段，其他購物設(shè)施宜集中設(shè)置在旅游服務(wù)基地，或結(jié)合鄰近的城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)區(qū)的商業(yè)設(shè)施設(shè)置。6．1．7 \n娛樂設(shè)施不宜單獨(dú)設(shè)置，應(yīng)結(jié)合旅游村以上級(jí)別的旅游服務(wù)基地設(shè)施進(jìn)行建設(shè)。對于景區(qū)內(nèi)特色露天表演等設(shè)施可結(jié)合游賞需求和景區(qū)功能設(shè)置。6．1．8 \n管理辦公設(shè)施應(yīng)包含門票售賣、職工辦公、風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)管理、醫(yī)療救護(hù)、應(yīng)急救援、治安管理等主要功能。管理辦公設(shè)施宜設(shè)置在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)外或者主要出入口附近。6．1．9 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的安全保障機(jī)構(gòu)宜結(jié)合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的主入口、管理設(shè)施、游客中心設(shè)置，或與周邊鄉(xiāng)村、城鎮(zhèn)的安保設(shè)施等相結(jié)合設(shè)置。在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)需要警示危險(xiǎn)地段應(yīng)設(shè)置安全防護(hù)設(shè)施和監(jiān)控設(shè)施等。6．1．10 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)應(yīng)設(shè)置獨(dú)立的醫(yī)療救護(hù)設(shè)施，在游客中心應(yīng)設(shè)置醫(yī)療救護(hù)點(diǎn)。并結(jié)合旅游城市醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生服務(wù)設(shè)施形成醫(yī)療救護(hù)體系。6．1．11 \n服務(wù)設(shè)施配置及建設(shè)規(guī)模應(yīng)根據(jù)游人規(guī)模、場地條件、景觀環(huán)境等確定。風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)的服務(wù)設(shè)施規(guī)模應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制，宜小不宜大，其建設(shè)總量和設(shè)置類別應(yīng)符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃和表6．1．11服務(wù)設(shè)施配置指標(biāo)的要求。表6．1．11 服務(wù)設(shè)施配置指標(biāo)6．2 綜合游覽交通規(guī)劃6．2 綜合游覽交通規(guī)劃6．2．1 \n綜合游覽交通規(guī)劃應(yīng)結(jié)合環(huán)境條件、游賞需求，組織系統(tǒng)的交通網(wǎng)絡(luò)，確定合理的交通方式與交通轉(zhuǎn)換節(jié)點(diǎn)，測算交通流量，協(xié)調(diào)與游人容量等關(guān)系。6．2．2 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)道路選線應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：合理組織風(fēng)景游覽，有利引導(dǎo)和疏散游人；順應(yīng)地形，減少對地貌的破壞；避開易于塌方等危險(xiǎn)地段；預(yù)留動(dòng)物遷徙通道；避讓景觀與生態(tài)敏感地段，減少對風(fēng)景資源的不利影響。6．2．3 \n游覽道路系統(tǒng)應(yīng)優(yōu)先設(shè)置專用車行路、自行車路、步行游覽路等，必要時(shí)可設(shè)置混行路。6．2．4 \n專用車行路設(shè)置應(yīng)根據(jù)地形條件，結(jié)合選用車種確定其路幅寬度、轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑與縱向坡度。在地形較陡，植被恢復(fù)困難的地區(qū)，宜通過選擇爬坡性能好的車輛，使道路坡度適當(dāng)增加以縮短路程，減少對山體的破壞。在坡度大于45°的山體設(shè)置道路宜利用單幅單向，有條件宜采用懸架式道路，最大限度地保護(hù)原有植被和利用樹木屏擋山體破損面。6．2．5 \n混行路應(yīng)以通過性交通為主。在混行路中的機(jī)動(dòng)車路、自行車路、步行游覽路之間應(yīng)有交通標(biāo)線分隔。6．2．6 \n在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)游覽區(qū)域內(nèi)需要提供觀光電瓶車交通的，宜單獨(dú)設(shè)置電瓶車路；需與步行游覽路并行的應(yīng)限制電瓶車的行車速度在15KM/h以下，電瓶車線路應(yīng)避開景點(diǎn)、景物等游人駐足觀賞的路段。6．2．7 \n自行車游覽路應(yīng)設(shè)置在平緩或緩坡的區(qū)域內(nèi)，其道路坡度宜在5％以內(nèi)。自行車游覽路宜單獨(dú)設(shè)置；不能分設(shè)需與步行游覽路混行的路段應(yīng)有標(biāo)線分隔。單向行駛自行車路寬度大于2．5米。自行車游覽路應(yīng)避開景點(diǎn)、景物等游人駐足觀賞的地段，該地段附近應(yīng)設(shè)自行車停靠場地。6．2．8 \n步行游覽路應(yīng)結(jié)合地形地貌、景源分布確定。主路應(yīng)串聯(lián)主要景點(diǎn)與景物，形成重要游覽線，寬度大于2米；次路串聯(lián)其他景點(diǎn)、景物，形成一般游覽線，路寬1．5-2米；步行交通量較大或地形坡度較大，在有條件地段應(yīng)將步行主路分幅設(shè)置，每幅路寬控制在3米以內(nèi)。分幅路段宜分設(shè)成坡大路短和坡緩路長兩種。 \n6．2．9 \n在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)設(shè)置康體運(yùn)動(dòng)型步行路應(yīng)避開主要游覽路線，其道路宜設(shè)置形成環(huán)路，組織單向交通。不同路線的長度與坡度可按不同等級(jí)分設(shè)，適合不同運(yùn)動(dòng)強(qiáng)度的需要。6．2．10 \n需要組織水上游覽的水域，設(shè)置的航線與選擇的游船不得影響風(fēng)景游覽環(huán)境，其游船碼頭的設(shè)置應(yīng)避開景點(diǎn)、景物等游覽地段。6．2．11 \n在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、景區(qū)出入口和交通轉(zhuǎn)換處應(yīng)設(shè)置游人集散場地，該場地宜選在地形平緩并有相應(yīng)面積的地帶。休息場地應(yīng)結(jié)合步行路設(shè)置，并宜與風(fēng)景觀賞點(diǎn)相結(jié)合，用地空間有限地段可分散設(shè)置。集散場地、休息場地建設(shè)應(yīng)順應(yīng)地形與周邊自然環(huán)境，保留古樹名木和大樹，采取自然式布置方式。6．2．12 \n停車場宜結(jié)合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)、景區(qū)出入口、交通轉(zhuǎn)換地選址建設(shè)，盡量選擇地形平緩地帶，或利用坡地建成臺(tái)地與多層停車場，減少對自然環(huán)境的破壞，根據(jù)旅游場所停車位指標(biāo)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)確定停車場規(guī)模與建設(shè)范圍，每標(biāo)準(zhǔn)停車位面積為30至35平米。停車場應(yīng)加強(qiáng)喬木綠化，形成綠樹掩映的效果。6．3 基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．3 基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施規(guī)劃6．3．1 \n基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施規(guī)劃主要內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括給水排水工程、電力工程、電信工程、環(huán)境衛(wèi)生工程、綜合防災(zāi)等規(guī)劃。可根據(jù)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)實(shí)際情況和服務(wù)設(shè)施布局要求編制供熱工程和燃?xì)夤こ桃?guī)劃。6．3．2 \n基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施應(yīng)依據(jù)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃規(guī)定，確定其控制指標(biāo)和具體配置要求。風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)的旅游城、旅游鎮(zhèn)、旅游村等服務(wù)基地的基礎(chǔ)工程詳細(xì)規(guī)劃應(yīng)按照現(xiàn)行的有關(guān)規(guī)劃規(guī)范、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行編制。6．3．3 \n工程設(shè)施構(gòu)筑物、設(shè)備的安裝和管道布置應(yīng)避開重要景點(diǎn)和景物，隱蔽設(shè)置，必要時(shí)應(yīng)通過植物種植、地形處理等進(jìn)行遮擋。各種管道宜埋地敷設(shè)。6．3．4 \n給水工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 用水量應(yīng)根據(jù)游人數(shù)量、服務(wù)設(shè)施的建筑物性質(zhì)和用水指標(biāo)進(jìn)行預(yù)測。散客用水量指標(biāo)為10～30 \nL/人．d。其他服務(wù)設(shè)施用水指標(biāo)參照《建筑給水排水設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB?50015）。管網(wǎng)漏失水量和未預(yù)見水量之和按最高日用水量的10～15％計(jì)。????2 \n總體規(guī)劃確定的水源應(yīng)進(jìn)一步論證。無城市自來水管網(wǎng)供水時(shí)，水源應(yīng)優(yōu)先選用水量充足、水質(zhì)較好的地下水或山泉水，其次選用溪流及湖泊等地表水，并符合《生活飲用水水源水質(zhì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（CJ?3020）。????3 \n給水系統(tǒng)布置應(yīng)滿足用水要求和安全，應(yīng)根據(jù)地形、設(shè)施布局、景觀要求、技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)等因素經(jīng)綜合評價(jià)后確定。????4 \n供水水質(zhì)應(yīng)符合現(xiàn)行的國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)《生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB?5749），否則應(yīng)設(shè)置給水處理設(shè)施。給水處理設(shè)施應(yīng)靠近主要用水設(shè)施，不受洪水威脅、工程地質(zhì)條件及衛(wèi)生環(huán)境良好。當(dāng)水壓、水量不能保證供水要求和安全時(shí)，應(yīng)設(shè)提升泵站和蓄水設(shè)施。????5 \n給水管線應(yīng)選擇經(jīng)濟(jì)合理線路，避開不良地質(zhì)構(gòu)造處，宜沿道路埋地敷設(shè)。當(dāng)埋地敷設(shè)施工困難、工程量大必須明設(shè)時(shí)，應(yīng)滿足景觀、安全供水、巡線檢修、防凍等要求。給水管道應(yīng)選擇安全可靠、施工方便的給水管材。6．3．5 \n排水工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 排水系統(tǒng)應(yīng)采用分流制的排水體制。????2 \n生活污水量預(yù)測按日用水量的85％～90％計(jì)算。????3 雨水設(shè)計(jì)重現(xiàn)期宜采用1～3年。????4 \n排水系統(tǒng)布局應(yīng)以重力流為主，不設(shè)或少設(shè)排水泵站，無法采用重力流或重力流不經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)，應(yīng)采用壓力流。雨水系統(tǒng)宜按照高水高排、就近分散的原則排放。????5 \n排水管渠應(yīng)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)厮?、地質(zhì)、氣象及施工條件確定材質(zhì)、構(gòu)造基礎(chǔ)、管道接口和埋深。????6 \n景區(qū)污水不得隨意排放，當(dāng)污水無法接入市政污水管網(wǎng)時(shí)應(yīng)設(shè)污水收集、處理系統(tǒng)。污水處理設(shè)施宜集中設(shè)置。污水處理程度和處理工藝應(yīng)根據(jù)受納水體要求、再生利用確定。污水處理宜采用一體化污水處理設(shè)施，在地質(zhì)條件允許開挖時(shí)應(yīng)埋地設(shè)置。6．3．6 \n電力工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃確定的電源應(yīng)進(jìn)行論證和確認(rèn)。當(dāng)服務(wù)設(shè)施分散且規(guī)模較小、設(shè)置供電線路不經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貤l件利用太陽能、風(fēng)能、地?zé)帷⑺?、沼氣生物能等能源，但不得破壞風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)環(huán)境景觀質(zhì)量。應(yīng)根據(jù)建筑負(fù)荷分級(jí)確定供電電源數(shù)量和回路。當(dāng)采用單電源、單回路供電時(shí)，一、二級(jí)負(fù)荷建筑應(yīng)設(shè)置自備電源。????2 \n用電負(fù)荷預(yù)測宜采用單位建筑面積負(fù)荷指標(biāo)法，并符合國家和當(dāng)?shù)氐墓?jié)能要求。表6．3．6 風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)單位建筑面積用電負(fù)荷指標(biāo)建筑類別用電指標(biāo)（W/m2）建筑類別用電指標(biāo)（W/m2）旅館30～50辦公40～80商業(yè)一般：40～80醫(yī)療點(diǎn)40～70大中型：70～130展覽建筑50～80????3 \n低壓供電半徑不宜超過200m，變配電不宜超過四級(jí)。單臺(tái)變壓器的容量不宜大于1250KVA。配變電所宜與其他建筑物合建，用電負(fù)荷小且分散時(shí)宜選用戶外箱式變電站。????4 \n供電線路宜沿道路埋地敷設(shè)，最小深度不小于0．7m，使用有外護(hù)層的鎧裝銅芯電纜。同一路徑敷設(shè)的電纜根數(shù)不宜多于8根。在不影響景觀情況下可架空明設(shè)。6．3．7 \n電信工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n電話需求量宜采用單耗指標(biāo)套算法進(jìn)行預(yù)測，并滿足當(dāng)?shù)仉娦挪块T的規(guī)定和管理方要求。主要游覽道路每隔300～500m宜設(shè)置一部公用電話。表6．3．7 每對電話主線所服務(wù)的建筑面積建筑性質(zhì)每對電話主線所服務(wù)的建筑面積（m2）備注賓館20～30每單間客房1對，每套間客房2對服務(wù)中心40～50商業(yè)30～40辦公25～30休閑娛樂場所100～120????2 \n比較集中的服務(wù)設(shè)施應(yīng)設(shè)置遠(yuǎn)端模塊或程控交換機(jī)。采用銅纜或光纖有線接入方式，當(dāng)用戶數(shù)較少且有線無法接入或有線接入不經(jīng)濟(jì)時(shí)應(yīng)采用無線接入方式。程控用戶交換機(jī)可按交換設(shè)備終期容量的1．2～1．5倍計(jì)算。中繼線數(shù)量可按交換設(shè)備用戶容量的10％考慮。????3 \n線路宜采用硬塑料管或混凝土管塊埋地敷設(shè)，埋深為 \n0．8～1．2m。主干管道的孔徑大于75mm，配線管道孔徑大于50mm。管道的管孔數(shù)應(yīng)按終期電纜條數(shù)及備用孔數(shù)確定，宜與有線電視電纜、廣播線路及其他弱電線路共同敷設(shè)。????4 \n根據(jù)風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的性質(zhì)、服務(wù)設(shè)施功能和管理需要，可編制無線通訊、安全防范、通信和信息網(wǎng)絡(luò)、數(shù)字化景區(qū)、智能管理和多媒體等規(guī)劃。6．3．8 \n環(huán)境衛(wèi)生工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)生活垃圾應(yīng)采用分類收集方式。醫(yī)療垃圾應(yīng)單獨(dú)收集、處理。主要游覽道路100m左右、一般游覽道路200～400m應(yīng)設(shè)置一個(gè)垃圾廢物箱。風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)內(nèi)不應(yīng)設(shè)置垃圾處理設(shè)施，在主要服務(wù)建筑附近設(shè)置小型垃圾轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)站，用地面積不大小于200m2。????2 \n服務(wù)區(qū)公廁宜與設(shè)在服務(wù)建筑內(nèi)。在給水管道不能到達(dá)區(qū)域應(yīng)設(shè)置環(huán)保生態(tài)的免水沖廁所。6．3．9 綜合防災(zāi)工程規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n各類建筑和設(shè)施的消防規(guī)劃應(yīng)執(zhí)行《建筑設(shè)計(jì)防火規(guī)范》（GB?50016）相關(guān)規(guī)定。森林入口處應(yīng)設(shè)置防火檢查站。配備消防器具和防火通訊網(wǎng)絡(luò)，設(shè)立防火瞭望塔。????2 \n河湖的防洪規(guī)劃應(yīng)執(zhí)行《防洪標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB?50201）規(guī)定，必要時(shí)應(yīng)設(shè)置截（排）洪溝。????3 \n對常見的滑坡、崩塌、泥石流、塌陷等地質(zhì)災(zāi)害，應(yīng)采取工程措施和非工程措施相結(jié)合的防治方式。各類建筑應(yīng)避開地質(zhì)災(zāi)害易發(fā)生地段建設(shè)。????4 \n抗震設(shè)計(jì)和建設(shè)應(yīng)符合《城市抗震防災(zāi)規(guī)劃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》（GB?50413）及《中國地震動(dòng)參數(shù)區(qū)劃圖》（GB?18306）、《建筑抗震設(shè)計(jì)規(guī)范》（GB?50011）設(shè)防標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。供水、供電、通訊等生命線工程設(shè)施的抗震設(shè)防應(yīng)提高一級(jí)。在較平坦地段宜設(shè)置避震疏散場所，并規(guī)劃設(shè)置直升機(jī)停機(jī)坪。給水、排水等管道接口應(yīng)采用柔性接口。7居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃7 居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃7．0．1 位于景區(qū)的城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)、村（社區(qū)）等居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下原則：????1 \n符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)總體規(guī)劃要求，深化和完善總體規(guī)劃中關(guān)于居民社會(huì)調(diào)控與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展引導(dǎo)規(guī)劃的內(nèi)容。????2 \n保護(hù)風(fēng)景資源與生態(tài)環(huán)境，居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)風(fēng)貌應(yīng)與自然景觀環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。????3 體現(xiàn)旅游職能，禁止發(fā)展污染風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)環(huán)境的工礦企業(yè)。????4 \n根據(jù)人口、旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施的實(shí)際需要和實(shí)際用地條件，按照適量、適建原則，確定居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)用地范圍、規(guī)模與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。????5 \n保護(hù)民族與民俗文化，保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)，傳承歷史文明。7．0．2 \n新增居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)用地應(yīng)選擇坡度較緩、工程地質(zhì)條件適宜、對風(fēng)景資源和景觀環(huán)境影響最小的地段，不宜選擇坡度大于25％的山地進(jìn)行建設(shè)。新建居民安置點(diǎn)宜與城區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)（鄉(xiāng)）駐地結(jié)合。7．0．3 \n城區(qū)居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)應(yīng)嚴(yán)格控制其建設(shè)邊界、建設(shè)強(qiáng)度，不應(yīng)向景區(qū)、景點(diǎn)延伸發(fā)展，建設(shè)用地不宜連片發(fā)展。應(yīng)控制建筑高度，提高綠化覆蓋率，城區(qū)綠地應(yīng)與風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)自然環(huán)境互通，組織錯(cuò)落有致的建筑天際輪廓線。地塊建設(shè)布局應(yīng)緊湊靈活，建筑設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)符合風(fēng)景美學(xué)要求。7．0．4 \n鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)應(yīng)符合《城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃法》規(guī)定，并符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n建設(shè)布局應(yīng)因地制宜、順應(yīng)地形，保留風(fēng)景資源、自然水體、山體與植被，保護(hù)有價(jià)值的歷史街區(qū)與建筑。????2 \n符合低密度、低強(qiáng)度、低高度、高綠化的建設(shè)要求，形成整體建筑景觀風(fēng)貌、體現(xiàn)本地特色，并與自然景觀環(huán)境融合。????3 \n加強(qiáng)綠地建設(shè)，突出居民點(diǎn)自然風(fēng)貌特色，與居民點(diǎn)周邊的自然植被、水系、農(nóng)田等相銜接，營造與自然環(huán)境相連通的村鎮(zhèn)綠地系統(tǒng)。????4 \n具有旅游服務(wù)職能的鎮(zhèn)、鄉(xiāng)居民點(diǎn)應(yīng)結(jié)合游人規(guī)模和旅游服務(wù)需要統(tǒng)籌布局，可適當(dāng)增加建設(shè)用地安排旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施。????5 \n對于歷史名鎮(zhèn)和特色鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)，應(yīng)保護(hù)歷史街區(qū)與歷史建筑，維護(hù)原空間格局與特色景觀風(fēng)貌。新增旅游設(shè)施等建設(shè)應(yīng)不損害其價(jià)值、功能、風(fēng)貌與社會(huì)形態(tài)。 \n7．0．5 村莊居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 因地制宜、順應(yīng)地形，保護(hù)自然生態(tài)環(huán)境與景觀環(huán)境。????2 \n形成整體建筑景觀風(fēng)貌，突出地域特征。應(yīng)整治衛(wèi)生環(huán)境，加強(qiáng)文化設(shè)施建設(shè)。宜設(shè)置公共空間，綠化、美化公共空間環(huán)境。宜推廣立體綠化、提高綠化覆蓋率，塑造鄉(xiāng)村田園景觀。配備必要的基礎(chǔ)工程設(shè)施。????3 \n具有旅游服務(wù)職能的村莊居民點(diǎn)，可配備必要的旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施，旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施宜結(jié)合居民建筑安排，新建旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施應(yīng)與原村莊景觀風(fēng)貌相協(xié)調(diào)。????4 \n歷史名村和特色村莊居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)應(yīng)保護(hù)歷史建筑，其整治、改建、擴(kuò)建應(yīng)延續(xù)原建筑形式、建筑空間格局與建筑風(fēng)貌，維護(hù)村莊特色景觀風(fēng)貌。8用地協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)劃8．1 用地規(guī)劃8．1 用地規(guī)劃8．1．1 \n用地分析應(yīng)包括：土地利用現(xiàn)狀特征和用地適宜性分析，深入分析研究風(fēng)景游賞與生產(chǎn)生活等各類用地的結(jié)構(gòu)和關(guān)系，土地資源保護(hù)利用存在的問題和矛盾，明確現(xiàn)狀土地利用平衡表，并提出土地利用調(diào)整的對策和目標(biāo)。8．1．2 \n用地規(guī)劃應(yīng)遵循以下原則：????1 突出風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)土地利用的重點(diǎn)與特點(diǎn)，擴(kuò)大風(fēng)景用地；????2 \n保護(hù)風(fēng)景游賞地、林地、水源地和優(yōu)良耕地；????3 因地制宜合理調(diào)整土地利用，發(fā)展符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)特征的土地利用方式與結(jié)構(gòu)。8．1．3 \n用地規(guī)劃分類應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 基本分類按照《風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)規(guī)劃規(guī)范》“風(fēng)景區(qū)用地分類表”確定，采用大類、中類、小類3級(jí)分類體系。????2 \n景區(qū)用地分類按土地使用的主導(dǎo)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行劃分和歸類，同時(shí)考慮與《城市用地分類與建設(shè)用地標(biāo)準(zhǔn)》等相關(guān)用地分類標(biāo)準(zhǔn)銜接。????3 \n景區(qū)用地分類的代號(hào)，大類采用中文表示，中類和小類各用一位阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示。8．1．4 用地適建性與兼容性應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n“游覽設(shè)施用地”（乙）內(nèi)設(shè)施適建性按《風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)規(guī)劃規(guī)范》“游覽設(shè)施與旅游基地分級(jí)配置表”的規(guī)定控制。????2 \n城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)用地的適建性除滿足城鄉(xiāng)規(guī)劃的有關(guān)規(guī)定外，還應(yīng)符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的特定要求。????3 \n“居民社會(huì)用地”（丙）可以兼容游覽服務(wù)功能，設(shè)施適建性參照相同區(qū)域旅游服務(wù)基地的等級(jí)要求。????4 \n“游覽設(shè)施用地”（乙）可以兼容“風(fēng)景游賞用地”（甲）功能。8．1．5 \n土地利用協(xié)調(diào)規(guī)劃應(yīng)優(yōu)先擴(kuò)展甲類用地，嚴(yán)格控制乙類、丙類、丁類、庚類用地，縮減癸類用地。應(yīng)根據(jù)保護(hù)規(guī)劃、景源利用規(guī)劃、設(shè)施規(guī)劃等專項(xiàng)規(guī)劃要求，明確用地配置規(guī)劃安排和規(guī)劃土地利用平衡表。8．2 用地控制8．2 用地控制8．2．1 景區(qū)用地控制應(yīng)符合以下原則：????1 \n尊重土地現(xiàn)狀自然特征，維護(hù)原有地貌特征和地景環(huán)境。根據(jù)生態(tài)敏感性和景觀敏感性，進(jìn)行資源保護(hù)和土地使用的分級(jí)利用。????2 \n因地制宜、隨形就勢合理利用地形要素和地景素材，不得大范圍地改變地形或平整土地，盡量降低地表改變率。應(yīng)把未利用的廢棄地、洪泛地納入規(guī)劃優(yōu)先利用；????3 \n綜合考慮道路交通、水、電、能源、環(huán)保、抗災(zāi)等基礎(chǔ)工程條件，????4 突出景觀風(fēng)貌特色并與自然環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)，8．2．2 \n用地總體控制規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：????1 \n根據(jù)保護(hù)規(guī)劃要求進(jìn)行用地適宜性分析，應(yīng)明確禁止建設(shè)、限制建設(shè)和適宜建設(shè)的范圍，明確規(guī)劃區(qū)的建設(shè)條件。????2 \n通過用地規(guī)劃控制，實(shí)現(xiàn)對資源保護(hù)、功能配置、項(xiàng)目建設(shè)、基礎(chǔ)工程與配套設(shè)施等的規(guī)劃安排，確定用地配置、地塊劃分、用地分類、適建性與兼容性，明確具體地塊的用地范圍及土地使用和建設(shè)控制的規(guī)劃要求。????3 \n用地規(guī)劃應(yīng)綜合考慮文物古跡、古樹名木保護(hù)、城鄉(xiāng)建設(shè)的“五線”控制、視廊及景觀空間形態(tài)控制等要求。8．2．3 \n地塊規(guī)模應(yīng)與資源分布狀況、地形地貌和用地類型相適應(yīng)，以利于規(guī)劃管理和實(shí)施，根據(jù)土地使用的主導(dǎo)性質(zhì)進(jìn)行劃分，以中類為主，盡量細(xì)分到小類，并確定地塊編碼。8．2．4 \n土地使用控制主要內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：用地性質(zhì)范圍、建筑總量、容積率、建筑密度、地表改變率、綠地率、后退紅線、出入口方位、停車位配置等。8．2．5 \n建設(shè)控制主要內(nèi)容應(yīng)包括：規(guī)定建筑限高、建筑間距、各類建筑的功能性質(zhì)與規(guī)模，以及建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)、建筑形式、風(fēng)格、布局、體量、色彩等。明確各項(xiàng)技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)。并應(yīng)統(tǒng)籌安排地形利用、工程補(bǔ)救、水系修復(fù)、生態(tài)恢復(fù)、表土回用、地被更新、景觀恢復(fù)和創(chuàng)意等各項(xiàng)技術(shù)措施。 \n8．2．6 \n居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)控制主要指標(biāo)應(yīng)包括：容積率、綠地率、建筑高度、建筑形式、綠線控制、藍(lán)線控制、紫線控制等內(nèi)容；符合本規(guī)范第7章關(guān)于居民點(diǎn)建設(shè)規(guī)劃的要求，并符合城市、鎮(zhèn)規(guī)劃相關(guān)規(guī)定。9建設(shè)布局與設(shè)計(jì)9 建設(shè)布局與設(shè)計(jì)9．0．1 \n對于占地較大、建設(shè)量較多或功能綜合的旅游服務(wù)基地、大型人文景點(diǎn)景群、入口區(qū)、較大的工交設(shè)施等建設(shè)項(xiàng)目，應(yīng)因地制宜，合理布局，嚴(yán)格控制建設(shè)規(guī)模。景觀風(fēng)貌、規(guī)模與自然景觀環(huán)境相協(xié)調(diào)。9．0．2 \n新建項(xiàng)目基址宜選擇地質(zhì)穩(wěn)定、空間開闊、便于組織游覽交通的地段，基址地形不宜變化過大，不宜選址于主要景觀視線、景觀面以及重要景觀區(qū)域。9．0．3 \n對現(xiàn)狀條件的利用應(yīng)符合下列要求：????1 \n用地內(nèi)的現(xiàn)狀地形、水體、建筑物、構(gòu)筑物、植物、地上或地下管線和工程設(shè)施，必須進(jìn)行調(diào)查，對地質(zhì)條件和災(zāi)害評估報(bào)告進(jìn)行分析，并做出相應(yīng)評價(jià)，提出處理意見。????2 \n用地內(nèi)的古樹名木嚴(yán)禁砍伐或移植，并應(yīng)采取保護(hù)措施；原有健壯的喬木應(yīng)保留利用。????3 \n有文物價(jià)值和紀(jì)念意義的建筑物、構(gòu)筑物，應(yīng)保留并結(jié)合到建設(shè)中。????4 \n在保留的地下管線和工程設(shè)施附近進(jìn)行各種工程或種植設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)，應(yīng)提出對原有物的保護(hù)措施。9．0．4 \n基址分析應(yīng)包括景觀空間分析，基址與周邊景點(diǎn)、景物、觀景點(diǎn)的景觀視線空間關(guān)系與生態(tài)影響關(guān)系分析，明確景觀空間與視線對基址建設(shè)規(guī)模、布局、建筑高度等的要求。9．0．5 \n建設(shè)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)主題明確、功能清晰；人文景點(diǎn)景群應(yīng)符合風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)歷史文化環(huán)境，融入自然景觀環(huán)境。9．0．6 \n確定建設(shè)項(xiàng)目總體布局形式，改造、擴(kuò)建類項(xiàng)目應(yīng)延續(xù)已有的特色布局，結(jié)合現(xiàn)狀條件對功能劃分、景觀構(gòu)想、豎向及地貌、道路交通系統(tǒng)、室外景觀環(huán)境以及建筑物和構(gòu)筑物的位置、規(guī)模、造型及各專業(yè)工程管線系統(tǒng)等做出綜合規(guī)劃安排。9．0．7 \n建設(shè)項(xiàng)目功能劃分，應(yīng)根據(jù)項(xiàng)目性質(zhì)和現(xiàn)狀條件，確定各分區(qū)的規(guī)模及特色。9．0．8 \n建設(shè)項(xiàng)目景觀構(gòu)成應(yīng)具有整體性、協(xié)調(diào)性，建筑服從景觀，人工建設(shè)服從自然環(huán)境，建設(shè)項(xiàng)目整體上宜隱于風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)自然山水環(huán)境。9．0．9 \n交通組織應(yīng)確定景區(qū)主、次和專用出入口的位置；設(shè)置集散廣場、停車場，并確定其規(guī)模要求。根據(jù)交通功能、人流量、交通量，確定車行和游人路線、寬度、等級(jí)，避免人、車互擾。9．0．10 \n室外景觀環(huán)境應(yīng)包括：景點(diǎn)景物、水系、植物、綠地、雕塑小品、鋪裝等內(nèi)容，可借鑒自然風(fēng)景組織手法，突出自然、簡樸、鄉(xiāng)土風(fēng)格；植物種植選用鄉(xiāng)土樹種，并符合游憩及審美要求。9．0．11 \n建筑布局應(yīng)根據(jù)主題功能、地形條件、景觀特點(diǎn)、游覽需要及工程設(shè)施條件等，確定各類建筑物的位置、高度和空間關(guān)系，提出建筑平面布局和景觀效果。服務(wù)建筑宜以低層為主，錯(cuò)落變化，借鑒當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)建筑形式與元素，高度、色彩、體量與自然環(huán)境協(xié)調(diào)。9．0．12 \n豎向規(guī)劃應(yīng)符合以下規(guī)定：充分利用原有地形地貌，保留有價(jià)值的地貌景觀；隨山就勢、因地制宜布置建設(shè)內(nèi)容，嚴(yán)禁開山采石、亂挖濫填，保護(hù)地表植被，防止水土流失；將土方量減至最少；提出最高水位、最低水位、主要建筑底層和室外地坪、地下工程管線及地下構(gòu)筑物的埋深等豎向控制內(nèi)容；9．0．13 \n建設(shè)項(xiàng)目應(yīng)編制經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)指標(biāo)表，其項(xiàng)目和計(jì)量單位應(yīng)符合表9．0．13規(guī)定。表9．0．13 經(jīng)濟(jì)技術(shù)指標(biāo)項(xiàng) 目 計(jì)量單位 數(shù) 值 所占比重（％） 規(guī)劃總用地hm21．建筑用地功能建筑hm2游憩建筑hm22．綠化用地hm23．道路用地hm24．風(fēng)景用地hm2總建筑面積m210成果規(guī)定10 成果規(guī)定10．0．1 \n詳細(xì)規(guī)劃成果應(yīng)包括：規(guī)劃文本、規(guī)劃圖紙、規(guī)劃說明書、基礎(chǔ)資料匯編等四個(gè)部分。規(guī)劃文本可含規(guī)劃圖紙。專題研究報(bào)告匯編可作為規(guī)劃附件。10．0．2 \n規(guī)劃文本應(yīng)以法規(guī)條文方式，直接敘述規(guī)劃主要內(nèi)容的規(guī)定性要求，用詞應(yīng)簡練準(zhǔn)確。10．0．3 \n規(guī)劃圖紙應(yīng)采用先進(jìn)技術(shù)繪制，做到清晰準(zhǔn)確，圖文相符，圖例一致。并應(yīng)在圖紙的明顯處標(biāo)明項(xiàng)目名稱、圖名、圖例、風(fēng)玫瑰、比例尺、編制日期、編制單位等內(nèi)容。10．0．4 \n主要圖紙的基本內(nèi)容應(yīng)符合表10．0．4的規(guī)定。表10．0．4 風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)詳細(xì)規(guī)劃圖紙規(guī)定圖紙資料名稱比例尺圖紙基本內(nèi)容規(guī)劃區(qū)面積(km2)10以下10-3030以上1．現(xiàn)狀圖（包括綜合現(xiàn)狀圖）1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000現(xiàn)狀風(fēng)景資源、居民點(diǎn)與人口、旅游服務(wù)基地與設(shè)施、綜合交通與設(shè)施、工程設(shè)施、用地、建筑、功能區(qū)劃等內(nèi)容2．總平面圖1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000風(fēng)景資源、旅游服務(wù)設(shè)施、居民社會(huì)、綜合交通與設(shè)施、功能或保護(hù)區(qū)劃、建設(shè)項(xiàng)目等內(nèi)容3．區(qū)位分析圖1:10000～1:250001:25000～1:500001:50000～1:100000在風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)的位置、周邊交通分析、景區(qū)與游覽關(guān)系分析等內(nèi)容4．用地分析圖1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000遙感GIS分析、用地評價(jià)、適建性分析等內(nèi)容5．景點(diǎn)規(guī)劃圖1:10001:10001:1000景物、保護(hù)范圍、控制范圍、觀賞序列等內(nèi)容6．風(fēng)景游賞規(guī)劃圖1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000景區(qū)景群景點(diǎn)、游覽路線、活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目、游賞組織、觀賞序列等內(nèi)容7．風(fēng)景保護(hù)培育規(guī)劃圖1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000保護(hù)區(qū)域細(xì)分、遺產(chǎn)遺跡、傳統(tǒng)建筑、古樹名木、特別景觀、生態(tài)環(huán)境、生物景觀、動(dòng)植物保護(hù)等內(nèi)容8．道路交通規(guī)劃圖1:1000～1:20001:2000～1:50001: 5000～1:10000出入口、車行游覽道路、步行游覽道路、木棧道、自行車道、路橋、汀步、旅游碼頭、停車站場等交通設(shè)施內(nèi)容9．基礎(chǔ)工程規(guī)劃圖1:2000～1:50001:5000～1:100001: 10000～1:20000給水、排水、電力、電信等內(nèi)容10．土地利用規(guī)劃圖1:2000～1:50001:5000～1:100001: 10000～1:20000按照風(fēng)景名勝區(qū)用地小類具體劃分用地11．項(xiàng)目規(guī)劃圖1:2000～1:50001:5000～1:100001: 10000～1:20000包括生態(tài)恢復(fù)、環(huán)境整治、植物保護(hù)、游線建設(shè)、景點(diǎn)恢復(fù)與營建、旅游設(shè)施建設(shè)、居民點(diǎn)搬遷改造、后續(xù)規(guī)劃等各方面的具體項(xiàng)目12．重要節(jié)點(diǎn)規(guī)劃圖1:1000～1:20001:1000～1:20001:2000～1:5000平面、豎向、小品、種植等規(guī)劃內(nèi)容意向13．建筑規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)方案示意圖1:200～1:5001:200～1: 5001:200～1:500建筑布局、建筑效果方案10．0．5 在規(guī)劃圖紙的基礎(chǔ)上，需要編制規(guī)劃控制分圖圖則時(shí)。應(yīng)表明以下主要內(nèi)容：????1 地塊所處的位置。????2 \n各地塊的用地界線、地塊編號(hào)。????3 各地塊的土地使用性質(zhì)及主要控制指標(biāo)。????4 配套設(shè)施的位置及范圍。????5 \n道路紅線寬度、道路長度、道路橫斷面形式、道路紅線后退距離、道路交叉口轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑、道路交叉點(diǎn)坐標(biāo)與標(biāo)高、公交站、停車場、禁止機(jī)動(dòng)車開口路段、人行步道系統(tǒng)（人行過街天橋與地道）。????6 \n綠地控制要求。????7 工程設(shè)施站點(diǎn)用地和大型工程通道地下及地上空間控制要求。????8 \n其他對環(huán)境有特殊影響的設(shè)施的衛(wèi)生與安全防護(hù)距離和范圍。????9 \n風(fēng)景環(huán)境設(shè)計(jì)要點(diǎn)。????以上內(nèi)容必要時(shí)可分別繪制。10．0．6 \n規(guī)劃說明書應(yīng)分析現(xiàn)狀，論證規(guī)劃目標(biāo)、規(guī)劃技術(shù)路線，解釋說明規(guī)劃文本和規(guī)劃內(nèi)容。10．0．7 \n規(guī)劃文本和說明書應(yīng)采用A4版式制作；規(guī)劃圖紙成果可采用A4式版或A3版式制作，與A4版規(guī)劃文本合訂成冊。規(guī)劃圖紙為A3版的，圖紙可以折疊并與規(guī)劃文本裝訂成A4版規(guī)格，也可以單獨(dú)裝訂圖冊。?本規(guī)范用詞說明本規(guī)范用詞說明1 \n為便于在執(zhí)行本規(guī)范條文時(shí)區(qū)別對待，對于要求嚴(yán)格程度不同的用詞說明如下：????（1）表示很嚴(yán)格，非這樣做不可的：????正面詞采用“必須”，反面詞采用“嚴(yán)禁”；????（2）表示嚴(yán)格，在正常情況下均應(yīng)這樣做的：????正面詞采用“應(yīng)”，反面詞采用“不應(yīng)”或“不得”；????（3）表示允許稍有選擇，在條件允許時(shí)首先應(yīng)這樣做的：?????正面詞采用“宜”，反面詞采用“不宜”；????表示有選擇，在一定條件下可以這樣做的用詞，采用“可”。2 \n條文中指明必須按其他有關(guān)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)執(zhí)行的寫法為“應(yīng)按……執(zhí)行”或“應(yīng)符合……的規(guī)定”。"}