Video Game Addiction Could Be Classified as an Official Mental Health Condition in 2018
玩電子游戲成癮或在2018年正式被歸類為精神健康狀況
Addiction:上癮; 吸毒成癮; 入迷,嗜好; 癖好;
Classified as:分類為; 被分類為; 歸類為;
Mental Health Condition:心理健康狀況
The World Health Organization, also known as WHO, will start recognizing "gaming disorder" as an official mental health condition next year. The International Compendium of Diseases (ICD), which is how WHO categorize their diagnostics for various diseases, is aiming to place video game addiction in the same category as disorders related to gambling and drugs in its next version.
世界衛(wèi)生組織,也就是WHO,明年將開始認(rèn)定“游戲失當(dāng)行為”是法定的心理健康問題。國(guó)際疾病匯編(ICD),也就是WHO對(duì)不同疾病的診斷的分類,正準(zhǔn)備把電子游戲成癮與賭博和吸毒成癮在下一個(gè)版本中分到同一個(gè)類別之中。
The International Compendium of Diseases (ICD):國(guó)際疾病匯編(ICD)
gambling:賭博,賭錢;
drugs:毒品; 藥物; 藥劑; 麻醉藥;
The new draft was published earlier this week, and it marks the first time the ICD has featured an entry dedicated to gaming. "Gaming disorder is characterized by a pattern of persistent or recurrent gaming behavior (‘digital gaming’ or ‘video-gaming’), which may be online (i.e., over the internet) or offline, manifested by: 1) impaired control over gaming (e.g., onset, frequency, intensity, duration, termination, context); 2) increasing priority given to gaming to the extent that gaming takes precedence over other life interests and daily activities; and 3) continuation or escalation of gaming despite the occurrence of negative consequences," WHO explained in their latest draft.
新的版本本周將出版,這標(biāo)志著IDC第一次擁有了專門解釋游戲的詞條。
“游戲失當(dāng)行為的特點(diǎn)是持續(xù)性或周期性的游戲行為(數(shù)字游戲或視頻游戲),可能是聯(lián)網(wǎng)也可能是離線,表現(xiàn)為1)對(duì)游戲的控制(例如,攻擊,頻率,強(qiáng)度,持續(xù)時(shí)間,終止,上下文);2)在游戲優(yōu)先于其他生命利益和日?;顒?dòng)的前提下,增加對(duì)游戲的優(yōu)先權(quán);3)不管負(fù)面的后果而增加和擴(kuò)大游戲行為?!盬HO在最新的草案中這樣解釋。
entry:條目。
The diagnosis for "gaming disorder" has already seen criticism, with one writer at HuffPost explaining, "'gaming disorder' is indicative of a larger trend to increasingly pathologize normative behaviors, whether for moral reasons (because older adults would prefer kids look at trees or play canasta than play video games) or financial (because there’s money to be made) or political (to regulate behavior or speech).”
針對(duì)“游戲失當(dāng)行為”的診斷已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了批評(píng),一名作家在HuffPost 上解釋說,“‘游戲失當(dāng)行為’表現(xiàn)了一個(gè)大的趨勢(shì),是越來(lái)越規(guī)律的規(guī)范行為,不論是道德原因(因?yàn)槔夏耆藢幵负⒆涌礃浠蛲鏄蚺朴螒蛞膊煌嬉曨l游戲)或是財(cái)務(wù)原因(因?yàn)榭梢話赍X)或是政治原因(規(guī)范的行為或語(yǔ)言)?!?/span>
pathologize:歸于病態(tài);
normative behaviors:規(guī)范行為
Earlier this year, a group of 28 scholars wrote a scathing open letter criticizing WHO's proposal, citing a lack of scientific support. Meanwhile, Dr. Anthony M. Bean, a clinical psychologist from Texas, explained to Polygon, “We don't know what video game addiction is. ... The psychology and medical fields took the concept of addiction—whether it's substance abuse or anything like that—and just switched it out with video games. The thinking was, ‘Oh, it's a form of addiction. It's like any other addiction.’ But it’s not the same. You could do the whole process over again with football.”
今年早些時(shí)候,由28名學(xué)者組成的一群人給世界衛(wèi)生組織寫了一封嚴(yán)厲的公開信,批判他們的建議,理由是缺乏科學(xué)的依據(jù)。同時(shí),Anthony M. Bean博士,一名來(lái)自德克薩斯州的臨床心理學(xué)家,向Polygon網(wǎng)站說,“我們不知道什么是電子游戲上癮。心理學(xué)和醫(yī)學(xué)領(lǐng)域使用上癮的概念,無(wú)論是藥物濫用還是其他類似行為,只是換成了電子游戲。那想法就是‘噢,這是上癮的一種。就像其他的上癮?!虑椴皇沁@樣的。你可以用足球把事情從頭再來(lái)一遍?!?/span>
scathing :(言詞、文章) 嚴(yán)厲的,尖刻的; 不留情的;
As a form of entertainment that remains a form of escapism for many and even a job for some, it seems reductive and maybe even dangerous to stigmatize games as there are often other factors at play. “Maybe that person's anxious,” Bean said to Polygon. "Maybe the person's actually depressed and using video games as a coping mechanism, or a mechanism with which to deal with some personal stress in the world.”
作為一種娛樂形式,對(duì)于許多人來(lái)說它是一種逃避現(xiàn)實(shí)的方法,對(duì)某些人還是項(xiàng)工作,一味指責(zé)游戲太過簡(jiǎn)單有時(shí)甚至危險(xiǎn),因?yàn)槠渲袚诫s許多因素?!盎蛟S那個(gè)人很焦慮,”Bean對(duì)Polygon網(wǎng)站說?!耙苍S這個(gè)人實(shí)際上很郁悶,玩游戲只是一種應(yīng)對(duì)機(jī)制,或是處理世界上某種個(gè)人壓力的一種方法。”
escapism:逃避現(xiàn)實(shí),空想;
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