Lesson 7 Too late
單詞解析
1.detective n. 偵探detective story 偵探小說(shuō)
2.airport n. 機(jī)場(chǎng)
3.airfield n. 飛機(jī)起落的場(chǎng)地
port 港口；airport 航空港at theairport 在機(jī)場(chǎng)
field 田野；airfield 停機(jī)坪on the airfield在停機(jī)坪上
4.expect v.期待, 等待
① vt.&vi. 預(yù)計(jì)，預(yù)料
Jim has failed inmathematics as his teacher expected.
正如他老師所預(yù)料的那樣，吉姆數(shù)學(xué)考試沒(méi)及格。
② vt. 等待，期待，盼望(心理上的等待)
They are expectingguests tonight. 今晚有人要去他們那里作客。
expect所表示的等待一般暗含著根據(jù)某些信息或規(guī)律而作出相應(yīng)反應(yīng)的意思，而wait for主要接續(xù)“等待”這個(gè)動(dòng)作本身。
expect sth. I expect a letter from Jimmy.
expect sb.to dosth. 期待某人做某事
I expect you towrite back.
wait forsth./sb. 動(dòng)作上的等待I wait for my mother.
③ vt. 認(rèn)為，猜想(一般用于口語(yǔ))
I expect so./Ithink so. 我希望如此［口語(yǔ)］
I expect you’veheard the news. 我想你已經(jīng)聽(tīng)到這個(gè)消息了。
5.valuable adj. 貴重的
6.precious adj. 珍貴的
value n.&v. 價(jià)值； valuable adj.有價(jià)值的
sth. is valuable /sth. is precious
precious adj. 珍貴的(帶有一定的感情色彩)
preciousphoto 珍貴的照片
-less 表否定;
priceless adj. 沒(méi)有價(jià)格的, 無(wú)價(jià)的
valueless adj. 沒(méi)有價(jià)值, 不足道的
worthless adj. 無(wú)價(jià)值的
7.diamond n. 鉆石diamond ring 鉆石戒指
preciousstone 寶石；
8.steal(stole，stolen) v. 偷
① vt.&vi. 偷盜，行竊
英語(yǔ)中“偷”用steal和rob來(lái)表達(dá)，賓語(yǔ)是物，用steal；賓語(yǔ)是人，用rob；跟地點(diǎn)相連，也用rob
steal sth. 偷(某物)My wallet was stolen.
rob sb. 搶(某人) rob the bank
② vt. 巧妙地占用，偷偷地弄到手
He has stolen awayMary’s heart. 他已贏得瑪麗的芳心。
③ vi. 偷偷地行動(dòng)，悄悄靠近
9.main adj. 主要的
main building；main street；main sentence；main idea
main不能與人連用
10.guard n. 警戒, 守衛(wèi)
lifeguard 救生員 body guard 保鏢
keepguard 守望，警戒
They kept aclose guard over the thieves. 他們對(duì)小偷們嚴(yán)加看管。
stand guard 站崗，放哨
【課文講解】
1、The plane was late anddetectives were waiting at the airport all morning.
all一般直接加表示時(shí)間的單數(shù)名詞構(gòu)成副詞短語(yǔ)，如：all day，all night，all week，all winter，all year等。但不說(shuō)all hour。
whole在表達(dá)同樣的意思時(shí)一般要加冠詞或數(shù)詞，如a whole day/year，two whole weeks。
detectives 沒(méi)有強(qiáng)調(diào)一些偵探或者那些偵探, 強(qiáng)調(diào)偵探這種人，籠統(tǒng)感念, 可不加some, the
2、A few hours earlier, someonehad told the police that thieves would try to steal the diamonds.
a few hoursearlier 幾個(gè)小時(shí)以前
= a few hoursbefore/a few hours ago
would +do 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí),間接方式, 轉(zhuǎn)述, 站在過(guò)去看未來(lái)
3、When the plane arrived, someof the detectives were waiting inside the main building while others werewaiting on the airfield.
代詞others常常和some連用，表示“有些(人)……，也有些(人)……”或“有的……，其余的……”
one…theother… 一個(gè)……另一個(gè)……
some…others… 一些……另一些……
Somestudents are very hard-working, others are not.
others=other+名詞復(fù)數(shù)
4、Two men took the parcel offthe plane and carried it into the Customs House.
take sth.off…=take sth. away from…
Customs House 海關(guān)
5、While two detectives werekeeping guard at the door, two others opened the parcel. To their surprise, theprecious parcel was full of stones and sand!
…were keepingguard at the door, two others opened the parcel.
表面上是分工, 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 不是同時(shí)開(kāi)始同時(shí)結(jié)束, 延續(xù)時(shí)間不一致, 長(zhǎng)一點(diǎn)時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 短時(shí)間的動(dòng)作用過(guò)去時(shí).
When someoneknocked at the door, I was having dinner.
keep guard守衛(wèi)
They kept a closeguard over the thieves.
at thedoor 在門(mén)邊(固定搭配)
two others=twoother detectives
to one's surprise,讓某人驚訝的是
To one’s +表情緒名詞to one's joy to one's excitement
be full of ...裝滿 My bag was full of books.
語(yǔ)法分析
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)的構(gòu)成：be的過(guò)去式+現(xiàn)在分詞
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)經(jīng)常同在一個(gè)句子里使用。過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作或情況，一般過(guò)去時(shí)則表示比較短暫的動(dòng)作或事件。正在進(jìn)行中的動(dòng)作或情況往往由連詞when，while，as，just as等引導(dǎo)。
when，while 當(dāng)……時(shí)候(強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生)
while+從句, 動(dòng)詞一定是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞
when+延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/瞬間動(dòng)詞
while能用when代替，但是when卻不一定能用while代替。while通常只引導(dǎo)持續(xù)時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的動(dòng)作，并且主句和從句可以同時(shí)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)，而when和as一般不這么用。
John was watchingTV while his wife was talking with a neighbour over the phone.
Just as I wasleaving the house, you came in.
when也可引導(dǎo)較短暫的動(dòng)作，while和as一般不行。
We were havingsupper when the lights went out.
過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)往往與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)連用，如all morning，allnight，all day，all evening，the whole week等，表示這段時(shí)間一直在干什么。
What were youdoing all evening? I couldn’t find you anywhere.
過(guò)去動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生的時(shí)態(tài)
① 過(guò)去兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 習(xí)慣上一個(gè)用一般過(guò)去時(shí), 另一個(gè)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)；動(dòng)作長(zhǎng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 動(dòng)作短用一般過(guò)去時(shí); 分工的情況, 動(dòng)作的開(kāi)始時(shí)間和結(jié)束時(shí)間幾乎相同, 均用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí);
I was listening tothe radio, my sister was dancing.
When my mother wasdoing the housework, my father was watching TV.
② 兩個(gè)動(dòng)作在同時(shí)段進(jìn)行, 在不同時(shí)間結(jié)束, 先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作未結(jié)束, 另一個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生, 先發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 另一個(gè)動(dòng)作用過(guò)去時(shí).
When I was openingthe door, the telephone rang.先開(kāi)門(mén)/When the telephone wasringing, I opened the door. 電話先響
③ 瞬間動(dòng)詞(如：arrive)沒(méi)有進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 所以兩個(gè)動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生, 延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài), 瞬間動(dòng)詞使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài).
When he arrived, Iwas having dinner.
I am arriving 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表示將要
難點(diǎn)
短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中的小品詞
許多動(dòng)詞加上介詞或副詞后就會(huì)改變?cè)~義，這些介詞和副詞通常被稱為小品詞。它們沒(méi)有詞形的變化。有些小品詞既可以作介詞又可以作副詞。判斷一個(gè)小品詞是副詞還是介詞要看小品詞有沒(méi)有帶賓語(yǔ)。有賓語(yǔ)的是介詞，沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)的是副詞，介詞的位置相對(duì)固定，不能變動(dòng)。
① vi.&vt.+prep./adv.+賓語(yǔ)(n.)
She is walking upthe hill.
② vt.+賓語(yǔ)(n./pron.)+adv.
take off the coat=take the coat off =take it off
put on your shoes=put your shoes on =put them on
I always takemoney with me.我身上總帶些錢(qián)
練習(xí)
1 The parcelwas valuable. It was ___C___ .
A.worth B. worthy C. precious D.value
valuable=precious value n. 價(jià)值
worth v. 值得……，后面一定要加詞
something isworth…
The book is worthreading. (動(dòng)名詞)
The book is worththree dollars.
worthy adj. 有價(jià)值的
be worthyof… 值得……
This book isworthy of being read [to be read]. acts worthy of punishment 應(yīng)該受處分的行為
worthless adj. 無(wú)價(jià)值的
something isworthless(后面不加任何東西)
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