非謂語動詞通俗點就是初中階段的一些固定搭配，小伙伴可能不清楚什么是非謂語，因為這是高中之后才會重點學習的內(nèi)容，但是如果橙子媽媽讓你翻譯一下“要求某人做某事”，你一定會脫口而出“ask sb to do sth”,這就是非謂語動詞所涉及的內(nèi)容，今天橙子媽媽帶著小伙伴們一起來梳理清楚中考需要掌握的固定搭配！
非謂語動詞是動詞的形式，在句中起名詞、形容詞或副詞的作用。不能作謂語，沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。分為動詞不定式、動名詞和分詞三種。
考點1 動詞不定式
(1) 構(gòu)成： to ＋動詞原形，否定式：not to ＋動詞原形
(2)用法：常在句中作主語、表語、賓語、賓補、目的狀語和定語等。
① 作主語如：To learn English well is very important
= It’s very important to learn English well
② 作表語如：My dream is to be a teacher.
③ 作賓語如：I want to be a teahcer.
I find it interesting to play basketball.
④ 作賓補如：My mom asked me to finish the homework in time.
⑤ 作目的狀語如：He got up early to catch the bus.
易錯點提示
例如 Paul made a nice cage thelittle sick bird till it could fly.（D）
A. keep
B. kept
C. keeping
D. to keep
這是最容易錯的一道題，很多學生直接選擇A因為看到make的緣故，其實這里是不定式做目的狀語，所以小伙伴千萬記得要靈活辨析才行！
同理大家可以分析這道必出現(xiàn)的題目
We should thank the man. He always does what he can us.（B）
A.helps
B. to help
C. help
D. helping
⑥ 作定語如：I have something to tell you.
(3)常考詞組和句型（中考必背短語）：
① 后面常用動詞不定式作賓語的詞有：
② 后面常用動詞不定式作賓補的詞有：
③ It代替動詞不定式做形式主語和形式賓語。 （it…..to do ）
如：It''s useful to learn English. (It代替動詞不定式做形式主語)
I find it strange to wear like this. (it代替動詞不定式做形式賓語)
注意：It''s important for us to study English well.
(用介詞“for”，表示動詞不定式與形容詞有主謂關系)
It''s kind of you to help me.
(用介詞“of”，表示of后面的名詞或代詞與形容詞有主謂關系)
④ 特殊疑問詞(what，when， which，where， who，how)＋ to do (why 除外)
如：I don''t know when to go /where to go / which to buy.
She didn''t tell me what to do / how to doit.
(4)幾個固定不定式的詞組，常放在句首，作獨立成分。
to one''s surprise 使某人驚奇的是
to begin with 首先
to be honest 老實說
to tell the truth 說實話
考點2 省to的動詞不定式
(1) 使役動詞和感官動詞，帶動詞不定式做賓補時，主動語態(tài)時不定式省“to”, 被動語態(tài)時要補“to ”
?？季湫秃驮~組：
易錯點提示
例如Though she often makes her little brother______ , she was made ______ by him this morning. （A）
A. cry ; to cry
B. to cry ; cry
C. cry ; cry
D. to cry ; crying
此題也是易錯題，小伙伴記得make sb do sth，但是在被動語態(tài)的學習中我們也學過sb be made to do sth，此時的make表被動時，需要還原to！
考點3 動名詞（動詞ing形式）
(1)結(jié)構(gòu)： do＋ing
(2)用法：常在句中作主語、賓語、表語、賓補、伴隨狀語和定語
① 作主語如：Watching TV is bad for your eyes.
② 作賓語如：I like playing football with my friends.
③ 作賓補如：I saw you talking with a boy just now.
后面常跟動名詞作賓語的詞有：
hear/find/see/watch/notice sb doing sth
聽見/發(fā)現(xiàn)/看見/觀看/注意到某人正在做某事
④ 作伴隨狀語如：Our teacher came in, smiling.
⑤ 作定語如：There is a boy standing under the tree.
⑥ 作表語如：My dream is waching a film with you next month.
(3)?？荚~組和句型：
注意：所有的介詞(in， at， for， of， from， up， about， to)后＋ doing，下
列幾個詞組的“to”為介詞
be/get used to doing 習慣于做某事 prefer doing to doing 寧愿做……而不愿
look forward to doing 盼望著做某事 pay attention to doing 注意做某事
make a contribution to doing 為……做貢獻 help oneself to sth. 請自便
考點4：非謂語動詞易混詞組辨析
例如We have worked so long. Shall we stop ______ a rest? （D）
A. have
B. to having
C.having
D. to have
解析 stop to do 和stop doing的區(qū)別，前者表示停下來去做另外一件事，后者表示停止正在做的事情，所以綜合句子的意思表示停下工作去休息。所以小伙伴一定要謹記固定搭配的陷阱，靈活，靈活，靈活！
考點四 課堂檢測
用所給動詞的適當形式填空。
1. Now more and more people are busy_____ (learn)about the Internet.
2.—It’s too hot. Would you mind __________ (open) the door?
—Certainly not. Please do it.
3. No matter how hard it is, we’ll keep _________(try) until we make it.
4. —Are you enjoying __________ (live) in Ningbo?
—Yes, we are. Very much.
5. We couldn’t help __________ (laugh) after we heard the funny story.
6. I don’t regret __________(tell) her what Ithought.
7. My sister is interested in _______(read) books in her free time.
8. Let me ________(help) you _________ (water) the flowers
9. My mother often asks me__________(do) some cleaning on Sundays.
10. —Do you often hear John____________(sing)in his room ?
—Listen! Now we can hear him ___________ (sing) in his room.
11. I watched her ___________(dance) in the next room last night .
12.Let’s___________(go) swimming after the exam .
13.You’d better _____________(catch) a bus .
14.Suddenly the house began to shake. He stopped________(listen)to music and rushed out.
15.The WWF is working hard ___________(save) the animals in danger.
16.____________(get) high marks, many middle school students stay up study.
17. More and more young people are trying to do something________(serve) the old.
18. I mean __________(go), but my father would not allow me to.
19. It took the workmen only two hours to finish________ (repair) my car.
20. We should often practise _________ (speak) English with each other.
中考英語非謂語動詞是高考英語非謂語動詞的基礎，只有先從最本質(zhì)的開始，才能為后期的學習打下扎實的基礎??！
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