精修照片發(fā)朋友圈、不停地照鏡子、化妝、整容……
在這個(gè)看臉的時(shí)代,有越來(lái)越多的人開(kāi)始在意自己的外表。照鏡子的時(shí)候,總是有人會(huì)想自己的眼睛再大一點(diǎn),鼻子再挺一些就好了。甚至,在生活中,不少人總是覺(jué)得自己很丑,因自己的容貌而感到 焦慮 或自卑。
也許你正在遭受容貌焦慮癥的折磨,而卻全然不知。在醫(yī)學(xué)上,這是一種真實(shí)的精神障礙性疾病,被稱(chēng)作軀體變形障礙(Body dysmorphic disorder)。
容貌 焦慮癥 具體表現(xiàn): ·過(guò)度關(guān)注過(guò)小或根本不存在的外觀缺陷或瑕疵 ·對(duì)外表的關(guān)注會(huì)出現(xiàn)重復(fù)行為(例如,照鏡檢查,過(guò)度打扮)或心理活動(dòng)(與他人的外表進(jìn)行比較)。 ·對(duì)外表的關(guān)注引起具有臨床意義的痛苦,或者社交職業(yè)或其他重要功能的損害
In this day and age, when advertisement floods social media, and this online world motivates the idea of perfect lives, and perfect bodies, more and more people feel the need to constantly improve their appearance. Based on this idea that they are supposed to look a certain way to be desirable and successful, many people develop anxiety and low self-esteem issues.
Body dysmorphic disorder is a mental disorder that is more real and common than many people think. People suffering from this disorder may look at themselves in the mirror and think they are fatter than they are, for example, or have repetitive behaviors such as excessive make-up or frequently look in the mirror.
那么究竟什么是美?美的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是什么?又是誰(shuí)定義了這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)?
近期,一部以“容貌焦慮”為話題的短片《魔鏡》引起了很多人的共鳴。#你有容貌焦慮嗎#話題更是登上微博熱搜榜,引發(fā)了網(wǎng)友們的熱烈探討。
不少女性網(wǎng)友表示,因年齡增加、魚(yú)尾紋、頸紋加深、 皮膚松弛 、發(fā)際線越來(lái)越高等問(wèn)題而感到焦慮。抑或是在路上看到妝容精致的女生,會(huì)暗自比較、心生羨慕。
人們普遍認(rèn)為女性更容易容貌焦慮,但事實(shí)是,現(xiàn)代不少男性也會(huì)有此問(wèn)題。
有男性網(wǎng)友表示,因覺(jué)得自己丑,連續(xù)兩個(gè)月周末都未出過(guò)門(mén)。也有人表示,會(huì)因?yàn)榭吹蕉兑羯细哳佒档娜?,而產(chǎn)生“如果我長(zhǎng)的像他們一樣好看,就會(huì)有很多人喜歡我”的想法。
Recently, a short film on the topic of 'appearance anxiety' in Chinese has resonated with many people. The topic 'Do you have facial anxiety?' is even on the hot search list of Weibo, triggering a heated discussion among people.
It is generally believed that women are more prone to this problem, but the fact is that many men also have it.
像大部分精神障礙性疾病一樣,容貌焦慮并不是某個(gè)單一原因造成的,但社交媒體這個(gè)新的影響因素“潛伏”在大部分人的生活中。
2018年8月, 波士頓大學(xué) 醫(yī)學(xué)院研究人員在《美國(guó)醫(yī)學(xué)會(huì)雜志·面部整形外科學(xué)卷》上發(fā)表文章表示,以前只有名人或美容雜志才會(huì)修圖,讓人看上去更完美,但現(xiàn)在隨著手機(jī)美顏工具的普及,美顏照充斥社交媒體,這會(huì)誘發(fā)一類(lèi)被稱(chēng)為“體象障礙”的心理問(wèn)題。
據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),2019年,中國(guó)喜歡使用手機(jī)自拍的女性比例高達(dá)85.4%,而她們發(fā)布在朋友圈等社交媒體上的自拍照片,經(jīng)過(guò)美化、精修的比例接近90%。
在精修出大量“完美臉”的同時(shí),一些用戶(hù)對(duì)自己的真實(shí)容貌產(chǎn)生了焦慮。很多人覺(jué)得整容可以解決他們的困擾。
因此選擇整容的人的比例不斷升高,其中不乏青少年。國(guó)際美容整形外科學(xué)會(huì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2016-2018年全球醫(yī)美總治療量保持2300萬(wàn)例左右。此外,根據(jù)近年來(lái)的數(shù)據(jù)推測(cè),2019年全球醫(yī)美總治療量繼續(xù)維持在2300萬(wàn)例。
值得一提的是,BBC報(bào)道,在新冠疫情期間,雖然世界經(jīng)濟(jì)不景氣,但許多外科整形診所的客流量卻在不斷增加,整容人數(shù)猛增50%。因?yàn)橐咔槠陂g在家工作便于術(shù)后康復(fù),并且戴口罩可以隱藏他們術(shù)后的臉。
Like most mental disorders, body dysmorphia is not caused by a single factor. However, social media can be a big factor.
Researchers from Boston University School of Medicine published an article in the Journal of the American Medical Association - Facial Plastic Surgery Volume In August 2018, stating that the beauty function on social media can induce psychological problems related to body dysmorphic disorder.
Photo editing can cause anxiety to such a level that people choose to go for plastic surgery in an attempt to eliminate that problem. But plastic surgery is not the best choice. Not only does cosmetic surgery entail the risk of disfigurement it also doesn’t lead to dealing with the real root of this mental issue.
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