狀語(yǔ)從句講解和練習(xí)
狀語(yǔ)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子。通常由副詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式、分詞和從句等擔(dān)當(dāng)。例如：
1. Naturally , our grandparents were pleased to get our phone call . (副詞)
2. We worked hard , from sunrise to sunset . (介詞狀短語(yǔ))
3. To help my disabled aunt , I spend an hour working in her house every day . (不定式)
4. Seen from a distance , the farmhouse looked deserted . (過(guò)去分詞)
5. I know how to light a camp fire because I had done it before .（原因狀語(yǔ)從句）
狀語(yǔ)的位置比較靈活，可以位于句首、句末或句中。enough用作狀語(yǔ)修飾形容詞和副詞時(shí)必須后置。
狀語(yǔ)從句主要用來(lái)修飾主句或主句的謂語(yǔ)。一般可分為九大類(lèi)，分別表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、讓步、比較和方式。盡管種類(lèi)較多，但由于狀語(yǔ)從句與漢語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)和用法相似，所以理解和掌握它并不難。狀語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)鍵是要掌握引導(dǎo)不同狀語(yǔ)從句的常用連接詞
和特殊的連接詞即考點(diǎn)?，F(xiàn)分別列舉如下:
1． 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：when, as, while, as soon as, while, before, after, since , till, until
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the day，the instant, immediately , directly, no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when
I didn’t realize how special my mother was until I became an adult.
While John was watching TV, his wife was cooking.
The children ran away from the orchard(果園) the moment they saw the guard.
No sooner had I arrived home than it began to rain.
Every time I listen to your advice, I get into trouble.
2． 地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：where
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：wherever, anywhere, everywhere
Generally, air will be heavily polluted where there are factories.
Wherever you go, you should work hard.
3． 原因狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：because, since, as, since
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：seeing that, now that, in that, considering that, given that, considering that,
My friends dislike me because I’m handsome and successful.
Now that everybody has come, let’s begin our conference.
The higher income tax is harmful in that it may discourage people from trying to earn more.
Considering that he is no more than 12 years old, his height of 1.80 m is quite remarkable.
4． 目的狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：so that, in order that
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：lest, in case, for fear that，in the hope that, for the purpose that, to the end that
The boss asked the secretary to hurry up with the letters so that he could sign them.
The teacher raised his voice on purpose that the students in the back could hear more clearly.
5． 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：so … that, so… that, such … that,
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：such that, to the degree that, to the extent that, to such a degree that,
He got up so early that he caught the first bus.
It’s such a good chance that we must not miss it.
To such an degree was he excited that he couldn’t sleep last night.
6． 條件狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：if, unless,
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：as/so long as, only if, providing/provided that, suppose that, in case that, on condition that
We’ll start our project if the president agrees.
You will certainly succeed so long as you keep on trying.
Provided that there is no opposition, we shall hold the meeting here.
7． 讓步狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：though, although, even if, even though
特殊引導(dǎo)詞： as(用在讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中必須要倒裝)，while ( 一般用在句首 )，no matter …， in spite of the fact that, while, whatever, whoever, wherever, whenever, however, whichever
Much as I respect him, I can’t agree to his proposal.
盡管我很尊敬他， 我卻不同意他的建議。
The old man always enjoys swimming even though the weather is rough.
No matter how hard he tried, she could not change her mind.
He won’t listen whatever you may say.
8． 比較狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：as(同級(jí)比較), than(不同程度的比較)
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the more … the more … ; just as …， so…; A is to B what /as X is to Y; no … more than; not A so much as B
She is as bad-tempered as her mother.
The house is three times as big as ours.
The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.
Food is to men what oil is to machine. 食物之于人，猶如油之于機(jī)器。
9． 方式狀語(yǔ)從句
常用引導(dǎo)詞：as, as if, how
特殊引導(dǎo)詞：the way
When in Rome, do as the Roman do.
She behaved as if she were the boss.
Sometimes we teach our children the way our parents have taught us.
10. 狀語(yǔ)從句的簡(jiǎn)化
♠狀語(yǔ)從句的省略
狀語(yǔ)從句同時(shí)具備下列兩個(gè)條件:①主句和從句的主語(yǔ)一
marks.盡管近來(lái)他一直在學(xué)數(shù)學(xué),但他仍然沒(méi)有取得好成績(jī)。
d.連詞+過(guò)去分詞
He won't go there with us unless (he is) invited.除非受到邀請(qǐng),否則他不會(huì)和我們一道去那里。
The concert was a great success than (it was) expected.這場(chǎng)音樂(lè)會(huì)出乎意料地取得了巨大成功。
e.連詞+不定式
He stood up as if (he were) to say something.當(dāng)時(shí)他站起來(lái)好像要說(shuō)什么。He wouldn't solve the problem even if (he were) to take charge.即使他來(lái)負(fù)責(zé),他也解決不了這個(gè)問(wèn)題。f. 連詞+介詞短語(yǔ)
She looked anxious as though (she was) in trouble.她看上去很焦急,好像遇到了麻煩。
He had mastered the English language before (he was) in the USA.他到美國(guó)之前就懂英語(yǔ)了。
注意:當(dāng)從句主語(yǔ)和主句主語(yǔ)不一致時(shí),從句部分要么用完全形式,要么用獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)表達(dá)。例如:
When the meeting was over, all the people went out of the meeting-room.當(dāng)會(huì)議結(jié)束時(shí),人們都走出了會(huì)議室。(=The meeting over,
鞏固練習(xí)
1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ______he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
2. I would appreciate it ________you call back this afternoon for the doctor’s appointment.
A. until B. if C. when D. that
3. As far as I am concerned，education is about learning and the more you learn，________.
A. the more for life are you equipped B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life
4.After the war，a new school building was put up ________there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. where C. which D. when
5. —Is Mr. Sm
ith in the office?
—Yes，________ he is in charge of the office，he must be there.
A. since B. however C. whether D. for
6. As your good friend, I will do ________help you.
A. that I can to B. what I can to C. all that I can D. what I can
7.John may phone tonight. I don’t want to go out ________he phones.
A. as long as B. in order to C. in case D. so that
8.Someone called me up in the middle of the night，but they hung up ________I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since C. until D. before
9. —Don’t look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages.
—Oh, yes. ________others are weak, he is strong.
A. If B. When C. Where D. Though
10.It is ten years ________he smoked.
A. that B. when C. since D. while
11.We must hurry up ________catch up with the last train.
A. that B. so that to C. in order that D. in order to
12.No matter ________hard it may be，I will carry it out.
A. what B. whatever C. how D. however
13.________ you may do，you must do it well.
A. Which B. Whenever C. Whatever D. When
14. —Are you thinking about going to
—No. But if I ________the time，I would definitely go.
A. have B. had C. have had D. would have
15.________ you are so weak，you’d better stay at home.
A. Since B. For C. Because D. Though
16.English and French are taught here. You can choose ________you like.
A. no matter which B. whichever C. which D. whatever
17.I saw Mr. Smith last Sunday. We had not seen each other ________I left
A. as B. before C. since D. till
18.I’ll be back before you ________.
A. will leave B. will have left C. leave D. would leave
19.The problem won’t be settled until we ________a chance to discuss it thoroughly.
A. have had B. will have C. will have had D. would have
20.If you ________this experiment，you will understand the theory better.
A. will be doing B. have done C. will have done D. would do
21.They went on working ________it was late at night.
A. even if B. as if C. however D. as though
22.I hurried ________I wouldn’t be late for class.
A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless
23.The volleyball match will be put off if it ________.
A. will rain B. rains C. rained D. is raining
24.________ you talk to someone or write a message，you show your skills to others.
A. At times B. Some time C. By the time D. Every time
25.Although he is considered a great writer，________.
A. however his works are not widely read B. but his works are not widely read
C. his works are not widely read D. still his works are not widely read
26.The new secretary is supposed to report to the manager as soon as she ________.
A. will arrive B. is going to arrive C. arrives D. is arriving
27.We should finish the important job，________.
A. long it takes however B. it takes however long
C. long however it takes D. however long it takes
28.________he made an important speech at the meeting was true.
A. That B. Why C. What D. How
29.________comes to the party will receive a gift.
A. Which B. Who C. Which one D. Whoever
30.She is willing to help you, ________busy she is.
A. what B. how C. however D. whatever
31.I don’t care whether he stays ________goes.
A. nor B. then C. or D. otherwise
32.No matter ________hard it may be，I’ll carry it out.
A. what B. whatever C. how D. however
33.Why do you want to find a new job ________you’ve got such a good one already?
A. that B. where C. which D. when
34.________he is, he will be thinking of you.
A. Wherever B. Where C. Now that D. As soon as
35.You should make it a rule to leave things ________you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. there
36.He got excited at the news，________ I was calm.
A. when B. while C. because D. after
37.—Shall Brown come and play computer games?
—No，________ he has finished his homework.
A. when B. if C. unless D. once
38.________ you try，you will never succeed.
A. If B. Until C. Since D. Unless
39.Hardly had he arrived in Hongkong ________she rang me up.
A. when B. than C. that D. and
40.________ they heard the shout for help，they rushed out.
A. Immediately B. The moment C. The while D. All the above
41.________，he never seems able to do the work beautifully.
A. Try as he does B. as he tries C. Try as does he D. As he does try
42.—The air is full of smoke and people are coughing.
—It will get worse ________the government does something about the pollution.
A. but B. unless C. except D. if
43.If ________，I would have gone with him.
A. had he told me B. he had told me C. he has told me D. he would tell me
44.—
—I’ll be glad to help her，________ need some help.
A. should she B. if she will C. if she D. if she might
45.I came ________I heard the news.
A. until B. as soon as C. immediately D.B and C
46.What we have seen________.
A. from what we heard B. all what we heard
C. to what we have heard D. from what we have heard
47.We will never give in ________they might do or say about our plan.
A. no matter how B. how C. whatever D. although
48.If you go to Xi’an，you will find the places there more magnificent than commonly ________.
A. supposing B. supposed C. to suppose D. suppose
49.________ he comes，we would not be able to go.
A. Without B. Unless C. Except D. Even
50.It’s no wonder you’ve got a headache ________you drank so much last night.
A. though B. in case C. when D. while
51.Iwonder if I________ time. If I ________time，I’ll go with you.
A. have；have B. will have；will have C. have；will have D. will have；have
52.By the time you _______back，the supper ________ready.
A. will get；will be B. get；was C. get；will be D. will get；is
53.Telephone me as soon as you ________the results.
A. will get B. get C. had got D. got
54.________ I live，I will never give in to the enemy.
A. As far as B. As long as C. As well as D. As soon as
55.I really wonder________ he has posted me many packages ________he worked together.
A. how；after B. why；when C. when；before D. why；since
56.Please pronounce the word ________I did.
A. by the way B. the way C. the moment D. like
57.I was about to leave my house ________the phone rang.
A. while B. when C. as D. after
58.I had cut the meat into pieces ________Mother started cooking.
A. when B. as soon as C. after D. while
59.You should visit the part of the country when ________.
A. spring will come B. it will be spring C. it is spring D. it is coning spring
60.I don’t like to be interrupted if I ________.
A. speaks B. will speak C. am speaking D. would be speaking
1~5 CBBBA 6~10 BCDCC
11~15 DCCBA 16~20 BCCAB
21~25 ABBDC 26~30 CDADC
31~35 CCDAB 36~40 BCDAD
41~45 ABBAD 46~50 DCBBC
51~55 DCBBD 56~60 BBACC”
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