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預制木結(jié)構(gòu)實現(xiàn)“大跨度”空間

2018.08.21

該項目是麻省理工學院的一個跨學科設計研討會，它開發(fā)了一種建筑原型，旨在解決世界日益增長的能源危機，“21世紀最大的挑戰(zhàn)之一?！贝罅渴褂媚静?- 基于建筑設計和施工技術(shù)的大規(guī)模木材 - 一種在北美地區(qū)越來越受歡迎的方法 - 該項目利用預制木結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)件的“效率，速度，精確和多功能性”來實現(xiàn)多功能，可持續(xù)建筑。長屋類型，通常是文明的第一個永久性結(jié)構(gòu)之一，在世界各地都很常見，但在調(diào)整其構(gòu)造以面對現(xiàn)代問題時，團隊希望創(chuàng)造一個“建立在這個豐富的文化偶像上的空間”。

MIT Mass Timber Design, a cross-disciplinary design workshop at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, have developed a building prototype that aims to tackle the world’s growing energy crisis, “one of the biggest challenges of the 21st century.” Extensively using the wood-based building design and construction technology mass timber - a method growing in popularity within North America - the project utilizes the “efficiency, speed, precision and versatility” of prefabricated timber construction elements to realize a multi-functional, sustainable building. The longhouse typology, often one of the first permanent structures of a civilization, is a common across the world, but in adapting its construction to face modern-day issues, the team hopes to create a space that “builds upon this rich cultural icon.”

長屋 - 按其定義 - 是一個狹長的建筑，通常包含一個用于公民或團體活動的公共空間。施工中的挑戰(zhàn)是跨越如此大的距離，在該空間內(nèi)很少或沒有中斷，使得房間保持盡可能靈活和適應性。該團隊的設計在建筑物的短部分使用了一系列木質(zhì)層壓單板木材（LVL）拱門來實現(xiàn)這一目標，拱形的薄壁三角形輪廓為結(jié)構(gòu)提供了最佳的剛性。 CNC制造的預制模塊化系統(tǒng)用于其大部分剩余構(gòu)件，這使得整體快速組裝，大大減少了現(xiàn)場使用的時間。創(chuàng)建的廣闊空間將以多種不同的方式使用，包括合作，運動，社交，展覽，晚宴聚會和講座。

Longhouses - by their very definition - are long, narrow building, usually containing a single communal space used for civic or group activities. The challenge in construction is spanning such a large distance with little or no disruption within the space so that the room remains as flexible and adaptable as possible. The team’s design uses a series of timber laminated veneer lumber (LVL) arches across the short section of the building to achieve this, with the arch’s thin-walled triangular profile providing optimum rigidity for the structure. A CNC manufactured prefabricated modular system is employed for the majority of its remaining elements, which makes for an overall efficient assembly, greatly reducing the time spent on-site. The expansive space created will be used in multiple different ways, including co-working, exercise classes, social mixers, exhibitions, dinner gatherings, and lectures.

在建筑環(huán)境面臨巨大變化的那一刻，對能源智能建筑原型的需求比以往任何時候都更為重要。

大規(guī)模木材最近的普及增長主要歸功于其顯著的環(huán)境效益。該項目設計建立在這些品質(zhì)的基礎(chǔ)上，不僅是可持續(xù)項目，而且設計產(chǎn)生能源。 “鋸齒狀屋頂”的角度和定向使得太陽能增益和日光需求最大化，而較低的窗口 - 墻體起到了隔熱作用。麻省理工學院大型木材設計團隊致力于此類項目的進一步開發(fā)和研究，繼續(xù)探索“建筑與技術(shù)間的可持續(xù)建筑的未來”。

At [a] moment when the built environment is faced with dramatic shifts, the need for energy-intelligent building prototypes is more significant than ever.

Mass timber’s recent growth in popularity can be largely attributed to its significant environmental benefits. The Longhouse design builds upon these qualities, designing not only a sustainable project but one that produces energy. The “sawtooth roof” is angled and orientated in such a way to maximize solar gains and daylight needs, while a low window-to-wall ratio maintains an efficient, insulated thermal envelope. The MIT Mass Timber Design team are committed to the further development and research of projects like this, continuing to explore “the future of sustainable buildings at the intersection of architecture and technology.”