主謂一致是指主語和謂語必須保持人稱和數(shù)的變化一致，即句中謂語的變化形式由句子主語的人稱和數(shù)的形式?jīng)Q定。主謂一致通常遵循三個原則：語法一致、意義一致和就近一致原則。
語法一致是指主語的單復數(shù)決定謂語動詞的單復數(shù)。考點一：一般情況下，主語為單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞、不可數(shù)名詞時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；主語為復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或代詞時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。考點二：動詞不定式或動詞-ing形式作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。( )1. The twins ______ fond of the new idea in the magazine article.( )2. One of my friends ______ moved to America. I miss her so much.( )3. Playing computer games too much ______ bad for students’ health .1. 復合不定代詞anyone, anybody, anything, someone, somebody, something, everyone, everybody, everything, no one, nobody, nothing作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2. neither of ... / none of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。3. either指“兩者之中任何一個”，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。either of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。4. each作同位語時，謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式取決于主語的數(shù)；each of ... 作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。考點四：當用both ... and ... 連接并列主語時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。當and連接的兩個名詞表示兩個不同的概念時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；當表示同一人、同一物或同一個概念，或表示不可分的整體時，謂語動詞仍用單數(shù)形式。考點五：當主語后面跟有with, except, including, along with, together with, as well as, in addition to等詞語引導的短語時，謂語動詞的單、復數(shù)形式由主語的單、復數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。( ) 1. We each ______ WeChat nowadays, even the old people.A. play B. plays C. playing ( )2. —What would you like, coffee or tea?—Either ______ OK. I don’t mind.( )3. My sister with my parents ______ dumplings when I got home yesterday evening.A. are making B. is making C. was making D. were making 考點六：一些由兩部分構成的表示物體的名詞作主語時，謂語動詞通常用復數(shù)形式，如shoes, trousers, jeans, scissors, chopsticks等。但如果這些名詞前有量詞如pair等修飾時，謂語動詞的數(shù)與量詞保持一致。( ) The pair of trousers ______ me. I’ll take it.A. fit B. fits C. will fit1. “a (large / small) number of + 復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式；“the number of + 復數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 / 代詞”作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。2. “分數(shù) / 百分數(shù)+ of + 名詞”和“the rest / most of +名詞”作主語時，謂語動詞的數(shù)由名詞決定。( )1. In our city there ______ a number of cars and the number of them ______ growing larger and larger.A. are; is B. have; is C. is; are ( )2. About ______ of the land ______ covered with trees and grass.( )3. The number of the volunteers in our city ______ 2,000. And sixty percent of them ______ teachers and students.意義一致是指謂語動詞和主語的一致不是取決于主語的語法形式，而是由其意義所決定。考點一：當數(shù)詞作主語或當表示距離、金額、時間等名詞(短語)作主語時，通常作為整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。( )1. Fifty yuan ______ enough.( )2. —Mom, I watched TV for only forty minutes. Sometimes ______ TV is good for us.—Forty minutes ______ enough. Now you must do your homework.考點二：有些集體名詞常指復數(shù)的人或物，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，如police；有些集體名詞作主語時，如果作為一個整體看待，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；如果指集體中的成員，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式，如family, class, team, group, crowd等；當population意為“人口數(shù)量”時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式；意為“全體居民”時，謂語動詞用單、復數(shù)形式均可。( )1. The population of China ______ over 1.3 billion and China has bigger population than ______ in the world.C. are; the other countries D. are; any other countries ( )2. Look! The police ______ the food onto the bank of the river.A. am carrying B. is carrying C. are carrying D. are carried考點三：以-s結尾的單數(shù)名詞如news, physics, maths, politics等作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。( )—Politics ______ my favorite subject. What about you?—Physics ______. I think it’s very interesting.A. is; is B. are; are C. are；is 1. “the + 形容詞”表示一類人作主語時，謂語動詞常用復數(shù)形式。這類詞有the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等。2. “the + 姓氏的復數(shù)形式”表示某一家人或夫婦兩人，其作主語時，謂語動詞用復數(shù)形式。( )1. The old ______ our help, so we should care for them. ( )2. The Greens ______ a TV show now.A. is watching B. are watching 考點五：定語從句中謂語動詞的單復數(shù)取決于其先行詞的單復數(shù)。( )—I really want to relax myself. Could we see City Danger tonight?—Sure! The actor ______ a hero used to be a schoolteacher. I like him very much.A. who play B. which plays C. who plays D. that play就近一致是指謂語動詞的數(shù)要與其最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。考點一：以or, not only ... but also ..., either ... or ..., neither ... nor ... 等連接的名詞(或代詞)作主語時，謂語動詞要和離它最近的主語在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。( )1. Not only you but also everyone here ______ watching football matches.A. likes B. like C. is like( )2. Neither Li Hua nor I ______ good at writing.( )3. —What would you like to have for supper?—Either noodles or rice ______ OK. I don’t mind.A. are B. were C. is D. was 考點二：在there be 句型中，如果有兩個或兩個以上的主語時，主語與謂語的一致通常遵循就近一致原則。( )1. There ______ a pencil and some pens in the box.( )2. Don’t worry. There ______ enough water, vegetables and fruits in the fridge.
