突然很想問(wèn)一句,這么多年了,英語(yǔ)中的句子成分你搞清楚了嗎?什么“主謂賓、定狀補(bǔ)”這些句子成分,你們能說(shuō)清楚這些句子成分嗎”?來(lái)看看小編吐血整理出的入門版英語(yǔ)句子成分講解,希望對(duì)尼們有幫助哈~
英語(yǔ)句子成分講解
1
主語(yǔ)
①表明句子說(shuō)的是誰(shuí)或什么情況
②一般可由名詞, 動(dòng)名詞, 動(dòng)詞不定式, 代詞, 數(shù)詞等充當(dāng)
The car (主語(yǔ))runs fast.
Swimming (主語(yǔ))is my favorite.
To see (主語(yǔ))is to believe.
She(主語(yǔ)) is kind.
Eight (主語(yǔ))is a luky number in China.
2
謂語(yǔ)
①說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的情況(動(dòng)作或狀態(tài))
②一般由及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞充當(dāng)
He reads(謂語(yǔ)) a book.
The boy likes (謂語(yǔ))English.
She heard (謂語(yǔ))the news.
The river flows(謂語(yǔ)).
The sun rises(謂語(yǔ)).
The horse runs(謂語(yǔ)).
3
賓語(yǔ)
①用于及物動(dòng)詞后稱為動(dòng)詞賓語(yǔ), 介詞后稱為介詞賓語(yǔ)
②有些動(dòng)詞可接雙賓語(yǔ)(即直接賓語(yǔ)→常指物, 和間接賓語(yǔ)→常指人)
③可接雙賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞(有 bring, buy, take, make...等等)
④賓語(yǔ)一般可由名詞, 動(dòng)名詞, 動(dòng)詞不定式 ,代詞, 數(shù)詞等充當(dāng)
He reads a book(賓語(yǔ)).
He likes swimming(賓語(yǔ)).
She wants to fly(賓語(yǔ)).
The boy runs to his mother(賓語(yǔ)).
He loves her(賓語(yǔ)).
He wants three(賓語(yǔ)).
He bought her(間接賓語(yǔ))a coat(直接賓語(yǔ)).
He waits for the chance(賓語(yǔ)).
4
系動(dòng)詞
①be 動(dòng)詞 (be→ am,is,are,→was,were,→been)
② 半系動(dòng)詞 (包括stay, keep, turn, get...等等)
③ 感官系動(dòng)詞(眼耳鼻口手)
The food goes(系動(dòng)詞) bad.
The day turns(系動(dòng)詞) long.
He gets(系動(dòng)詞)angry.
He seems(系動(dòng)詞) ill.
5
表語(yǔ)
①用在系動(dòng)詞之后的成分
②一般可由名詞, 形容詞, 動(dòng)名詞, 動(dòng)詞不定式, 代詞, 數(shù)詞, 介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)
She is a doctor(表語(yǔ)).
The cloth feels soft(表語(yǔ)).
His favorite sport is running(表語(yǔ)).
The helper is him(表語(yǔ)).
Your task is to find out the cost(表語(yǔ)).
The lucky number in China is eight(表語(yǔ)).
She isin the room(表語(yǔ)).
6
定語(yǔ)
①用來(lái)修飾或限制名詞或代詞的成分
②一般可由 形容詞, 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞, 名詞, 數(shù)詞, 冠詞, 介詞短語(yǔ)等充當(dāng)
Nice (定語(yǔ))girl;
something to eat(定語(yǔ));
sleeping(定語(yǔ)) baby;
three(定語(yǔ))cups
Burnt (定語(yǔ))food ;
cat in the room(定語(yǔ))
shoe(定語(yǔ)) shop ;
7
狀語(yǔ)
①用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞, 形容詞, 副詞 或 整個(gè)句子的成分
②一般可由 副詞 或 介詞短語(yǔ) 充當(dāng)
Walk slowly(狀語(yǔ));
very (狀語(yǔ))good;
quite(狀語(yǔ))well;
He lives there for ten years(狀語(yǔ)).
8
補(bǔ)語(yǔ)
①一般包括賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)
②補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)或主語(yǔ) 做(干)……, 或是……
③是一般由動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞或形容詞,名詞充當(dāng)
She encouraged her students to study hard(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)).
He gets the floor clean(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)).
He saw a bird flying over his head(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)).
She thinks him a good teacher(補(bǔ)語(yǔ)).
9
同位語(yǔ)
①處于與中心詞同一地位的成分, 補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明或強(qiáng)調(diào)中心詞的性質(zhì)身份等
②一般可由反身代詞,名詞充當(dāng)
Our teacher, Miss Gao(同位語(yǔ)), is kind.
He, himself(同位語(yǔ)) will go there.
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