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代詞易錯清單

1. this和that

打電話時,介紹自己時,要用“This is+某人”這個句型。在形容詞比較等級中,常用that,不用this。如:

—Is that Ma Lin speaking? ——你是馬玲嗎?

—Yes. This is Ma Lin speaking. ——是的,我是。這是打電話用語。詢問對方是誰時,不能說“Are you...?”,應(yīng)該說“Is that...speaking?”。應(yīng)答時不能說“I am...”,應(yīng)該說“This is...speaking.”或“speaking”。

His pronunciation is better than that of his teacher.

他的發(fā)音比他的老師好。

2. one,that,it

one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that與所指名詞為同類,但不是同一個,而it 與所指名詞為同一個。 如:

I can't find my mobile phone. I think I must buy one.

我找不到我的手機了。我想我該去買一個。(不定)

The MP5 you bought is bigger than that I bought.

你買的那個MP5比我買的大。(同類但不同個)

I can't find my key. I don't know where I put it.

我找不到我的鑰匙。我不知道我把它放在哪了。(同一物)

3. few,a few,little,a little

如:He has a few friends here.他在這兒有一些朋友。

It was freezing cold outside. There were few people in the streets.天氣非常冷,街上幾乎沒有人。

He has a little money but not enough to buy that dictionary.

他有點錢但不夠買那本詞典的。

Hurry up! There is little time left.

快點!沒多少時間了。

4. both,all,either,any,neither,none

如:Both of them are my good friends.

他們倆都是我的好朋友。如:

She bought two toys,but neither can please the child.

她買了兩個玩具,卻沒有一個能讓小孩高興。

—Do you like the two books?——你喜歡這兩本書嗎?

—No,I don't like either. ——不,哪一本我都不喜歡。

5. other,the other,others,the others,another

如:The bookshop is on the other side of the street.

書店在街道的另一邊。

There are other ways to do this exercise.

做這個練習還可用別的方法。

Some are planting trees,others are watering them.

一些人正在種樹,一些人正在澆水。

There are forty-six students in our class. Two of them are foreigners, the others are all Chinese.

我們班共有46個學生,其中兩個是外國人,其他的都是中國人。

This pen is too expensive. Please show me another.

這支鋼筆太貴了,請另拿一支給我。

提分策略

同學們在答題時,首先要理解句意,找到句中的關(guān)鍵信息,再根據(jù)代詞的區(qū)別進行判斷。具體做法是:

1. 明確指代。

在解答代詞題目時,我們應(yīng)首先分析前后文,明確代詞所指代的對象,從而避免誤判。具體說來,可從這幾個方面考慮:

(1)代詞指代的是人還是物。

(2)代詞指代的是可數(shù)名詞還是不可數(shù)名詞。

(3)明確是特指還是泛指概念。

(4)代詞指代的概念是表示兩者之間還是三者或三者以上。

(5)代詞所表示的是肯定還是否定概念。

【例1】　(2014·山東濱州·22)—Do you know the girl is talking with our teacher?

—Oh,she is my sister.

A. who B. whose

C. whom D. where

【解析】　該句是多重復合句。賓語從句中帶有定語從句。先行詞指人,在從句中作主語,應(yīng)該用主格代詞。故選A。

【答案】　 A

【例2】　(2014·湖北黃岡·34)—In a text message,88 means Bye-bye.

—And another example is F2F stands for face to face.

A. that B. who

C. whom D. it

【解析】　考查代詞在語境中的辨析用法。應(yīng)答句是定語從句,關(guān)系代詞指物,在從句作主語,所以排除A、B兩項。代詞it不能用作關(guān)系代詞,也不符合題意。故選A。

【答案】　 A

2. 理清邏輯。

有些中考英語代詞試題需要通過分析題干中所蘊涵的邏輯關(guān)系才能選出正確答案。具體說來可從兩方面考慮:一是代詞所表示的范圍。二是代詞表示的是全部否定還是部分否定。如:

【例1】　(2014· 貴州銅仁·34)In our school,students like English, but of them can speak English smoothly.

A. a little; a few B. a few; few

C. a few; little D. a little; few

【解析】　考查不定代詞用法。該句是并列句,第一分句的句子主語是復數(shù)名詞,應(yīng)該a few來修飾;因為表示轉(zhuǎn)折,第二分句的主語應(yīng)該表示否定,即幾乎沒有,應(yīng)該用不定代詞few。故選D。句意:我們學校有幾個學生喜歡英語,但是他們中幾乎沒有人能流利地講英語。

【答案】　B

【例2】　(2012·山東臨沂·28)I asked two people the way to the station, but of them could help me.

A. both B. neither

C. either D. all

【解析】　考查代詞用法。根據(jù)句意“我問了兩個人去車站的路,但是沒有一個能幫助我?！眓either “兩者都不”故選B。

【答案】　B

3. 吃透語境。

有些中考試題考查的是代詞在具體語境中的靈活運用,這樣的題目須分析具體的語境才能選出正確答案,切忌死摳語法。如:

【例1】　(2014·廣東廣州·16)—Would you like tea or coffee?

—,thanks! I'd prefer a coke.

A. Both B. Neither

C. All D. Some

【解析】　考查不定代詞在語境中的辨析用法。疑問句是詢問對方是需要喝茶還是咖啡,根據(jù)應(yīng)答句后面一句判斷,該句應(yīng)該作否定回答。所以用否定意義的不定代詞Neither。故選B。

【答案】　 B

【例2】　(2014·山東菏澤·2)We decide to make a rule for us room-mates to turn off the lights at 10:30 p.m..

A. that B. this

C. it D. one

【解析】　考查代詞在語境中的辨析用法。句中的make是使動詞,對我們室友來說,成為規(guī)矩的是10點半關(guān)燈,應(yīng)該用“it”來代替后面的不定式。故選C。

【答案】　 C

專項訓練

1. (2014·蒙古赤峰·44)—How did you get the MP4,from a shop or by phone?

—. I always like shopping online.

A. None B. Neither

C. Both D. All

2. (2014·江蘇東臺·7)—What did you do yesterday?

—My brother took two friends of to play chess with us. But I don't know of them.

A. his;all B. him;both

C. his;either D. him;neither

3. (2014·浙江金華·18)—Jim,if you have to do,what about helping me in the garden?

—OK,Mum.

A. something B. anything

C. nothing D. everything

4. (2013·河南)—What else do you want?

—else. I think I have got all the things ready.

A. Something B. Everything

C. Nothing D. Anything

5. (2013·浙江杭州)—Which would you like,tea or coffee?

—is OK. I really don't mind.

A. Both B. Either

C. None D. Neither

6. (2013·廣東汕頭)—Mr Chen is good at dancing. Who taught him?

—No one. He learnt it by .

A. he B. his

C. himself D. herself

7. (2013·河北)This isn't my dictionary. I left at home.

A. my B. mine

C. I D. me

8. (2013·安徽)If your friend said about you,you could keep silent.

A. something bad B. bad something

C. good something D. better something

9. (2013·江蘇南京)She has written a lot of books,but are good ones.

A. any B. some

C. few D. many

10. (2013·江西)—Where is my notebook?

—I don't know. It isn't here. Maybe took it away by mistake.

A. everybody B. nobody

C. anybody D. somebody

參考答案與解析

1. B　【解析】考查代詞詞義辨析。疑問句是詢問對方如何得到MP3的,提供兩種情況,該句應(yīng)答句判斷,兩者都不是,所以排除A、C、D三項。故選B。

2. C　【解析】考查代詞的用法。名詞+介詞+of結(jié)構(gòu)中,of之后應(yīng)該跟名詞性物主代詞,所以排除B、D兩項。A項指三者以上,不符合題意。故選C。

3. C　【解析】考查代詞的用法。句意為:——吉姆,如果你要做,在花園幫我怎么樣?——好的,媽媽。something某事;anything任何事;nothing沒有事;everything每一件事情。根據(jù)“what about helping me in the garden”可知是沒事做。故選C。

4. C　【解析】考查不定代詞用法。題意:“你還想要什么?“什么也不要了,我現(xiàn)在什么都準備好了。”nothing“沒有任何事物”;something“一些事物;某事物”;everything“每件事”;anything“任何事”。故選C。

5. B

6. C　【解析】考查反身代詞用法。題意:“陳先生很擅長跳舞。誰教的他啊?”“沒誰教他。他自學的?！眑earn by oneself “自學”,為固定搭配。故選C。

7. B　【解析】考查代詞用法。題意:這不是我的字典。我的落在家里了。本題中mine相當于my dictionary,作left 的賓語。故選B。

8. A　【解析】考查不定代詞用法,題意:如果你的朋友說了你什么壞話,你可以保持沉默。形容詞修飾復合不定代詞置于被修飾詞之后。D項不符合題意。故選A。

9. C　【解析】考查代詞用法。題意:她寫了很多書,但幾乎沒有幾本好的。由轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but判斷,此處應(yīng)用表示否定意義的修飾詞,只有few復合,故選C。

10. D　【解析】考查不定代詞用法。根據(jù)句意:筆記本沒在這兒,可能被人誤拿走了。選D。