am的過去式 was
瞧偶夠朋友吧,看下面,所有過去時(shí)變形
動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞的變化規(guī)則
動(dòng)詞過去式和過去分詞有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種.
1) 規(guī)則變化
情況 例詞 讀音與說明
動(dòng)詞原形 過去式 過去分詞
一般在動(dòng)詞原形后加-ed look
call
open
need looked
called
opened
needed looked [lukt]
called [kC:ld]
opened [5EupEnd]
needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清輔音音素后
發(fā)音為〔t〕,在濁輔音后發(fā)音為〔d〕,在元音后發(fā)音也為[d]
②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕
后發(fā)音為[id]
③但fix的過去式和過去
分詞x不雙寫,為fixed.
以-e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞加-d move
phone
hope
agree moved
phoned
hoped
agreed moved [mu:vd]
phoned [fEund]
hoped [hEupt]
agreed [E5^ri:d]
以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,變y為i,
再加-ed study
carry
try studied
studied
carried studied [5stQdid]
carried [5kArid]
tried [traid]
以原音字母加y結(jié)尾的詞,直接加-ed play
enjoy
stay played
enjoyed
stayed played [pleid]
enjoyed [in5dVCid]
stayed [steid]
末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)詞,雙寫該輔音字母,再加-ed stop
plan
fit stopped
planned
fitted stopped [stCpt]
planned [plAnd]
fitted [5fitid]
以-r音節(jié)結(jié)尾的詞,雙寫r字母,
再加-ed prefer
refer preferred
referred preferred [prI`f:d]
referred [ri5fE:]
2) 不規(guī)則變化
英語中有些動(dòng)詞的過去式和過去分詞形式變化不規(guī)則,可分為五種情況.
1.動(dòng)詞原形、過去式和過去分詞完全同形.
例:
原形 過去式 過去分詞
cut(切)
hit(打)
cast(扔)
hurt(傷害)
put(放)
let(讓)
shut(關(guān))
cost(花費(fèi))
set(放)
rid(清除) cut
hit
cast
hurt
put
let
shut
cost
set
rid cut
hit
cast
hurt
put
let
shut
cost
set
rid
2.過去式與過去分詞完全同形.
例:
原形 過去式 過去分詞
find(找到)
pay(支付)
leave(離開)
lend(借出)
meet(遇見)
keep(保持)
lose(丟失)
teach(教)
sit(坐)
lead(引導(dǎo))
win(贏)除) found
paid
left
lent
met
kept
lost
taught
sat
led
won found
paid
left
lent
met
kept
lost
taught
sat
led
won
3.動(dòng)詞原形與過去分詞同形
例:
原形 過去式 過去分詞
come(來)
run(跑)
become(成為) came
ran
became come
run
become
4.動(dòng)詞原形、過去式、過去分詞形式完全不同.
例:
原形 過去式 過去分詞
give(給)
fly(飛)
drink(喝)
see(看見)
go(去)
know(知道)
wear(穿)
speak(說) gave
flew
drank
saw
went
knew
wore
spoke given
flown
drunk
seen
gone
known
worn
spoken
5.過去式和過去分詞有兩種形式
例:
原形 過去式 過去分詞
burn(燃燒) burned
burnt burned
burnt
learn(學(xué)習(xí)) learned
learnt learned
learnt
smell(聞) smelled
smelt smelled
smelt
spell (拼寫) spelled
spelt spelled
spelt
shine (照射) shined
shone shined
shone
leap (跳) leaped
leapt leaped
leapt
提示
a.beat的過去式與原形同形:
比:beat(打擊) beat(過去式) beaten(過去分詞)
b.lie有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種,含義不同
比:lie lied,lied(說謊)
lay,lain(躺,位于)
c.hang 有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種,含義不同
比:hang hanged,hanged(處絞刑)
hung,hung(掛,吊)
d.welcome(歡迎)一詞是規(guī)則動(dòng)詞,不可誤用為不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
比:welcome welcomed,welcomed(正)
welcome,welcome(誤)
e.不要將不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞誤用為規(guī)則動(dòng)詞
比:hit(打) hit,hit(正)
hitted,hitted(誤)
6 現(xiàn)在分詞的變化規(guī)則
規(guī)則 動(dòng)詞原形 現(xiàn)在分詞及發(fā)音
一般在動(dòng)詞原形詞尾加-ing,-ing發(fā)音為 [iN] go
push
play
carry going [5^EuiN]
pushing [5puFiN]
playing [pleiiN]
carrying [5kAriiN]
以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,先去掉e,再加-ing take
write
leave taking [5teikiN]
writing [5raitiN]
leaving [5li:viN]
重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,如果詞尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母,要將該輔音字母雙寫,再加-ing cut
stop
fit
begin
forget cutting [5kQtiN]
stopping [5stCpiN]
fitting [5fitiN]
beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN]
以ie結(jié)尾的動(dòng)詞,要把ie改為y,再加-ing lie
die
tie lying [5laiiN]
dying [5daiiN]
tying [5taiiN]
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