高考英語語法考前過電影
2、動詞詞形變化一覽表：
(1)規(guī)則動詞變化表：
| 規(guī) 則變 化 | 原形動詞結(jié)尾情況 | 現(xiàn)在時單三人稱 | 現(xiàn) 在 分 詞 | 過去式和過去分詞 |
| 一般情況 | +s | +ing | +ed | |
| s,x,ch,sh,o結(jié)尾 | +es | +ing | +ed | |
| 輔音字母+y結(jié)尾 | y→i,+es | +ing | y→i,+ed | |
| 重讀閉音節(jié)一元一輔結(jié)尾 | +s | 雙寫輔音字母,+ing | 雙寫輔音字母,+ed | |
| 不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾 | +s | 去掉e,+ing | +d | |
| ie結(jié)尾 | +s | ie→y,+ing | +d | |
| 不規(guī)則變化 | have→has；be→is | (無) | (見不規(guī)則動詞變化表) | |
注意：①在加ing或ed時動詞如果以“r”結(jié)尾,尾音節(jié)又重讀的動詞,“r”應(yīng)雙寫。
②s/es的讀音規(guī)則：在清輔音后讀[s]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[z]；在[ s ]、[ F]、[z]、[tF]、[dV]后讀[iz].
③ed的讀音規(guī)則：在清輔音后讀[t]；在濁輔音后和元音后讀[d]；在[t]、[d]后讀[id].
(2)不規(guī)則動詞變化表：( 原形 → 過去式 → 過去分詞)
| be(am,is) | was | been |
| lose | lost | lost |
| |
| be(are) | were | been |
| make | made | made |
| |
| beat | beat | beaten |
| may | might |
|
| |
| become | became | become |
| mean | meant | meant |
| |
| begin | began | begun |
| meet | met | met |
| |
| blow | blew | blown |
| mistake | mistook | mistaken |
| |
| break | broke | broken |
| must | must |
|
| |
| bring | brought | brought |
| pay | paid | paid |
| |
| build | built | built |
| put | put | put |
| |
| buy | bought | bought |
| read | read | Read |
| |
| can | could |
|
| ride | rode | ridden |
| |
| catch | caught | caught |
| ring | rang | rung |
| |
| choose | chose | chosen |
| rise | rose | risen |
| |
| come | came | come |
| run | ran | run |
| |
| cost | cost | cost |
| say | said | said |
| |
| cut | cut | cut |
| see | saw | seen |
| |
| dig | dug | dug |
| sell | sold | sold |
| |
| do | did | done |
| send | sent | sent |
| |
| draw | drew | drawn |
| set | set | set |
| |
| drink | drank | drunk |
| shall | should |
|
| |
| drive | drove | driven |
| shine | shone | shone | ||
| eat | ate | eaten |
| show | showed | shown | ||
| fall | fell | fallen |
| shut | shut | shut | ||
| feel | felt | felt |
| sing | sang | sung | ||
| find | found | found |
| sink | sank/sunk | sunk/sunken | ||
| fly | flew | flown |
| sit | set | set | ||
| forget | forgot | forgot/forgotten |
| sleep | slept | slept | ||
| freeze | froze | frozen |
| smell | smelt | smelt | ||
| get | got | got |
| speak | spoke | spoken | ||
| give | gave | given |
| spend | spent | spent | ||
| go | went | gone |
| spill | spilt | spilt | ||
| grow | grew | grown |
| spoil | spoilt | spoilt | ||
| hang | hung/hanged | hung/hanged |
| stand | stood | stood | ||
| have(has) | had | had |
| sweep | swept | swept | ||
| hear | heard | heard |
| swim | swam | swum | ||
| hide | hid | hidden |
| take | took | taken | ||
| hit | hit | hit |
| teach | taught | taught | ||
| hold | held | held |
| tell | told | told | ||
| hurt | hurt | hurt |
| think | thought | thought | ||
| keep | kept | kept |
| throw | threw | thrown | ||
| know | knew | known |
| understand | understood | understood | ||
| lay | laid | laid |
| wake | woke/waked | woken/waked | ||
| learn | learnt/learned | learnt/learned |
| wear | wore | worn | ||
| leave | left | left |
| will | would |
| ||
| lend | lent | lent |
| win | won | won | ||
| let | let | let |
| write | wrote | witten | ||
| lie | lay | lain |
|
|
|
| ||
3、be(“是/存在”)動詞的各種時態(tài)變化：
| 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時 | 一 般 將 來 時 | 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時 |
| I am…. You are.… He/She/It is…. We/You/They are…. | (I等各人稱) will be…. I am He/She/It is going to be… We/You/They are | I have been…. You have been…. She/he/It has been…. We/You/They have been…. |
| 一 般 過 去 時 | 過 去 將 來 時 | 過 去 完 成 時 |
| I was…. You were.… He/She/It was…. We/You/They were…. | (I等各人稱) would be…. I was He/She/It was going to be… We/You/They were | I had been…. You had been…. She/he/It had been…. We/You/They had been…. |
注意：句型變化時,
否定句在am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 后面加not,而且not都可以縮寫為n’t (am后面not不可以縮寫)；
疑問句將am /is /are /will /have /has /was /were /had /would 提前到句首。
4、其它謂語動詞(主動語態(tài))的時態(tài)變化一覽表：
| 現(xiàn)在 時態(tài) | 一 般 現(xiàn) 在 時 | 現(xiàn) 在 進(jìn) 行 時 | 一 般 將 來 時 | 現(xiàn) 在 完 成 時 |
| 謂語動詞構(gòu)成 | 動詞用原形(單三加s / es) (問句和否定句借用助詞do / does) | am is +動詞-ing are | will + 動詞原形 am is +going to+動詞原形 are | have +過去分詞 has |
| 過去 時態(tài) | 一 般 過 去 時 | 過 去 進(jìn) 行 時 | 過 去 將 來 時 | 過 去 完 成 時 |
| 謂語動詞構(gòu)成 | 動詞用過去式 (問句和否定句借用助詞did) | was +動詞-ing were | would + 動詞原形 was +going to+動詞原形 were | had +過去分詞 |
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