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In the womb 12

At 3 months old the fetus’s most developed sense is hearing. The fetus may be completely surrounded by amniotic fluid, but because sound travels through fluid about four times faster than it does in air, she has plenty to hear. The first sounds the fetus hears as her ears start picking up vibrations at 13 weeks are the gurgles(咯咯聲) and rumbles(轆轆聲) made by her mother’s body. A succession of hiccups(打嗝), burps(打飽嗝), bubbles(泡泡), sloshes(濺潑聲) and slurps(嘖嘖) marks the passage of food, liquid and air in, out and through the maze(迷宮) of passages and tubes just inches(緩緩進(jìn)入) from the baby’s ears.

三個(gè)月的時(shí)候胎兒發(fā)育得最好的感覺(jué)是聽(tīng)力。胎兒被羊水完全包裹著，但是因?yàn)槁曇粼谝后w中傳送的速度比在空氣中快四倍，所以孩子能聽(tīng)到很多聲音。胎兒的耳朵在13周有活力后，聽(tīng)到的第一種聲音是母親身體發(fā)出的咯咯咕咕聲。食物、液體、空氣進(jìn)出母親身體中迷宮一般的管道時(shí)發(fā)出的一系列的聲音，如打嗝、冒泡、嘖嘖吃的聲音都會(huì)緩慢進(jìn)入孩子的耳朵。

The fetus also makes her own noises as she kicks and swishes(嗖嗖地?fù)]動(dòng)) in the amniotic fluid. She can also hear the competing flutter of heartbeats, her own racing at twice the speed of her mother’s, both her constant companions during her time in the womb. The fetus can also hear sounds from the world outside: conversations, loud noises and music. The walls of the womb, together with the abdomen, act to filter out most of the high frequencies. All sounds reach the fetus distorted, but higher sounds are more muffled(蒙). Only the lower-bass(低音) notes of a piece of music have much impact.

胎兒本身也會(huì)發(fā)出很多聲音，因?yàn)樗恢痹谘蛩锾吣_扭動(dòng)。她能聽(tīng)見(jiàn)兩種心跳競(jìng)相跳動(dòng)的聲音，母親的心跳和自己比母親快兩倍的心跳，兩種心跳聲會(huì)一直陪伴她過(guò)完子宮中的時(shí)光。胎兒也能聽(tīng)到來(lái)自外面世界的聲音：談話聲、噪音和音樂(lè)。子宮壁和母親肚子濾掉了大部分高頻率的聲音。胎兒聽(tīng)到的所有聲音都已經(jīng)被改變，聲音越高聽(tīng)起來(lái)就越悶悶的。只有某些音樂(lè)中的低音聽(tīng)起來(lái)才更完整。

Voice’s sound is distorted too. Vowels(元音) are generally lower in pitch than consonants(輔音), so the fetus only hear the melody of speech without the percussion(打擊) of consonants. The sound of the mother’s voice is different from any other since it travels directly through the fluids of the body. This may help the baby develop the unique relationship it has with its mother.

人說(shuō)話的聲音也被改變了。元音通常比輔音更低，所以胎兒只能聽(tīng)到?jīng)]有輔音的說(shuō)話聲。母親的聲音與其它聲音都不一樣，因?yàn)槭侵苯油ㄟ^(guò)身體里的液體傳送。這也許能幫助建立起孩子與母親之間獨(dú)一無(wú)二的親情。

Other voices like the father’s must pass through air, then fluid and may not cut through the general background noise. The loudest sound of a fetus will ever hear may come during an ultrasound scan. It’s impossible to hear the actual ultrasound waves. They are far too high at frequency to affect the human ear, but the ultrasound can cause secondary waves in the amniotic fluid that the baby can hear.

 其他人的聲音比如父親的聲音一定要通過(guò)空氣、再通過(guò)液體傳送，所以可能無(wú)法從環(huán)境中的其他聲音區(qū)分出來(lái)。胎兒聽(tīng)到的最響的聲音可能是做超聲波檢查時(shí)的聲音。胎兒不可能聽(tīng)到真正的超聲波聲音，因?yàn)檫@些聲波頻率太高，人耳聽(tīng)不到。但是超聲波會(huì)引起羊水的二次波動(dòng)，胎兒就能聽(tīng)到。

To produce finely-detailed images, ultrasound probes fire a rapid succession of pulses(脈沖), each lasting less than one millionth of a second. The rapid switching on-and-off of these pulses can cause waves in the fluid which sound like a high-pitch tapping. If the probe is pointed directly at the baby’s ear, it can sound as loud as a subway train.

為了獲得精致的圖像，超聲波檢查時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)出一系列高速脈沖，每一次持續(xù)不超過(guò)百萬(wàn)分之一秒。脈沖的變化會(huì)引起羊水波動(dòng)，聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像很響的叩擊聲。如果探測(cè)器剛好插到孩子的耳朵旁，造成的聲音聽(tīng)起來(lái)就像一列地鐵開(kāi)過(guò)。