演說者：Sherry Turkle
演說題目：遠(yuǎn)離你身邊低層次的圈子
當(dāng)我們對科技的期望越高，是否對彼此的期望就越低？Sherry Turkle 研究我們的行動裝置和綫上角色如何重新定義人類的連結(jié)和溝通，并要求我們?nèi)ド羁趟伎嘉覀兿胍裁礃拥男逻B結(jié)。
0:11
Just a moment ago, my daughter Rebecca texted me for good luck. Her text said, 'Mom, you will rock.' I love this. Getting that text was like getting a hug. And so there you have it. I embody the central paradox. I'm a woman who loves getting texts who's going to tell you that too many of them can be a problem.
0:44
Actually that reminder of my daughter brings me to the beginning of my story. 1996, when I gave my first TEDTalk, Rebecca was five years old and she was sitting right there in the front row. I had just written a book that celebrated our life on the internet and I was about to be on the cover of Wired magazine. In those heady days, we were experimenting with chat rooms and online virtual communities. We were exploring different aspects of ourselves. And then we unplugged. I was excited. And, as a psychologist, what excited me most was the idea that we would use what we learned in the virtual world about ourselves, about our identity, to live better lives in the real world.
1:38
Now fast-forward to 2012. I'm back here on the TED stage again. My daughter's 20. She's a college student. She sleeps with her cellphone, so do I. And I've just written a new book, but this time it's not one that will get me on the cover of Wired magazine. So what happened? I'm still excited by technology, but I believe, and I'm here to make the case, that we're letting it take us places that we don't want to go.
2:17
Over the past 15 years, I've studied technologies of mobile communication and I've interviewed hundreds and hundreds of people, young and old, about their plugged in lives. And what I've found is that our little devices, those little devices in our pockets, are so psychologically powerful that they don't only change what we do, they change who we are. Some of the things we do now with our devices are things that, only a few years ago, we would have found odd or disturbing, but they've quickly come to seem familiar, just how we do things.
2:59
So just to take some quick examples: People text or do email during corporate board meetings. They text and shop and go on Facebook during classes, during presentations, actually during all meetings. People talk to me about the important new skill of making eye contact while you're texting. (Laughter) People explain to me that it's hard, but that it can be done. Parents text and do email at breakfast and at dinner while their children complain about not having their parents' full attention. But then these same children deny each other their full attention. This is a recent shot of my daughter and her friends being together while not being together. And we even text at funerals. I study this. We remove ourselves from our grief or from our revery and we go into our phones.
4:04
Why does this matter? It matters to me because I think we're setting ourselves up for trouble — trouble certainly in how we relate to each other, but also trouble in how we relate to ourselves and our capacity for self-reflection. We're getting used to a new way of being alone together. People want to be with each other, but also elsewhere — connected to all the different places they want to be. People want to customize their lives. They want to go in and out of all the places they are because the thing that matters most to them is control over where they put their attention. So you want to go to that board meeting, but you only want to pay attention to the bits that interest you. And some people think that's a good thing. But you can end up hiding from each other, even as we're all constantly connected to each other.
5:04
A 50-year-old business man lamented to me that he feels he doesn't have colleagues anymore at work. When he goes to work, he doesn't stop by to talk to anybody, he doesn't call. And he says he doesn't want to interrupt his colleagues because, he says, 'They're too busy on their email.' But then he stops himself and he says, 'You know, I'm not telling you the truth. I'm the one who doesn't want to be interrupted. I think I should want to, but actually I'd rather just do things on my Blackberry.'
5:35
Across the generations, I see that people can't get enough of each other, if and only if they can have each other at a distance, in amounts they can control. I call it the Goldilocks effect: not too close, not too far, just right. But what might feel just right for that middle-aged executive can be a problem for an adolescent who needs to develop face-to-face relationships. An 18-year-old boy who uses texting for almost everything says to me wistfully, 'Someday, someday, but certainly not now, I'd like to learn how to have a conversation.'
6:22
When I ask people 'What's wrong with having a conversation?' People say, 'I'll tell you what's wrong with having a conversation. It takes place in real time and you can't control what you're going to say.' So that's the bottom line. Texting, email, posting, all of these things let us present the self as we want to be. We get to edit, and that means we get to delete, and that means we get to retouch, the face, the voice, the flesh, the body — not too little, not too much, just right.
7:05
Human relationships are rich and they're messy and they're demanding. And we clean them up with technology. And when we do, one of the things that can happen is that we sacrifice conversation for mere connection. We short-change ourselves. And over time, we seem to forget this, or we seem to stop caring.
7:32
I was caught off guard when Stephen Colbert asked me a profound question, a profound question. He said, 'Don't all those little tweets, don't all those little sips of online communication, add up to one big gulp of real conversation?' My answer was no, they don't add up. Connecting in sips may work for gathering discrete bits of information, they may work for saying, 'I'm thinking about you,' or even for saying, 'I love you,' — I mean, look at how I felt when I got that text from my daughter — but they don't really work for learning about each other, for really coming to know and understand each other. And we use conversations with each other to learn how to have conversations with ourselves. So a flight from conversation can really matter because it can compromise our capacity for self-reflection. For kids growing up, that skill is the bedrock of development.
8:57
Over and over I hear, 'I would rather text than talk.' And what I'm seeing is that people get so used to being short-changed out of real conversation, so used to getting by with less, that they've become almost willing to dispense with people altogether. So for example, many people share with me this wish, that some day a more advanced version of Siri, the digital assistant on Apple's iPhone, will be more like a best friend, someone who will listen when others won't. I believe this wish reflects a painful truth that I've learned in the past 15 years. That feeling that no one is listening to me is very important in our relationships with technology. That's why it's so appealing to have a Facebook page or a Twitter feed — so many automatic listeners. And the feeling that no one is listening to me make us want to spend time with machines that seem to care about us.
10:03
We're developing robots, they call them sociable robots, that are specifically designed to be companions — to the elderly, to our children, to us. Have we so lost confidence that we will be there for each other? During my research I worked in nursing homes, and I brought in these sociable robots that were designed to give the elderly the feeling that they were understood. And one day I came in and a woman who had lost a child was talking to a robot in the shape of a baby seal. It seemed to be looking in her eyes. It seemed to be following the conversation. It comforted her. And many people found this amazing.
10:56
But that woman was trying to make sense of her life with a machine that had no experience of the arc of a human life. That robot put on a great show. And we're vulnerable. People experience pretend empathy as though it were the real thing. So during that moment when that woman was experiencing that pretend empathy, I was thinking, 'That robot can't empathize. It doesn't face death. It doesn't know life.'
11:33
And as that woman took comfort in her robot companion, I didn't find it amazing; I found it one of the most wrenching, complicated moments in my 15 years of work. But when I stepped back, I felt myself at the cold, hard center of a perfect storm. We expect more from technology and less from each other. And I ask myself, 'Why have things come to this?'
12:07
And I believe it's because technology appeals to us most where we are most vulnerable. And we are vulnerable. We're lonely, but we're afraid of intimacy. And so from social networks to sociable robots, we're designing technologies that will give us the illusion of companionship without the demands of friendship. We turn to technology to help us feel connected in ways we can comfortably control. But we're not so comfortable. We are not so much in control.
12:41
These days, those phones in our pockets are changing our minds and hearts because they offer us three gratifying fantasies. One, that we can put our attention wherever we want it to be; two, that we will always be heard; and three, that we will never have to be alone. And that third idea, that we will never have to be alone, is central to changing our psyches. Because the moment that people are alone, even for a few seconds, they become anxious, they panic, they fidget, they reach for a device. Just think of people at a checkout line or at a red light. Being alone feels like a problem that needs to be solved. And so people try to solve it by connecting. But here, connection is more like a symptom than a cure. It expresses, but it doesn't solve, an underlying problem. But more than a symptom, constant connection is changing the way people think of themselves. It's shaping a new way of being.
13:47
The best way to describe it is, I share therefore I am. We use technology to define ourselves by sharing our thoughts and feelings even as we're having them. So before it was: I have a feeling, I want to make a call. Now it's: I want to have a feeling, I need to send a text. The problem with this new regime of 'I share therefore I am' is that, if we don't have connection, we don't feel like ourselves. We almost don't feel ourselves. So what do we do? We connect more and more. But in the process, we set ourselves up to be isolated.
14:29
How do you get from connection to isolation? You end up isolated if you don't cultivate the capacity for solitude, the ability to be separate, to gather yourself. Solitude is where you find yourself so that you can reach out to other people and form real attachments. When we don't have the capacity for solitude, we turn to other people in order to feel less anxious or in order to feel alive. When this happens, we're not able to appreciate who they are. It's as though we're using them as spare parts to support our fragile sense of self. We slip into thinking that always being connected is going to make us feel less alone. But we're at risk, because actually it's the opposite that's true. If we're not able to be alone, we're going to be more lonely. And if we don't teach our children to be alone, they're only going to know how to be lonely.
15:33
When I spoke at TED in 1996, reporting on my studies of the early virtual communities, I said, 'Those who make the most of their lives on the screen come to it in a spirit of self-reflection.' And that's what I'm calling for here, now: reflection and, more than that, a conversation about where our current use of technology may be taking us, what it might be costing us. We're smitten with technology. And we're afraid, like young lovers, that too much talking might spoil the romance. But it's time to talk. We grew up with digital technology and so we see it as all grown up. But it's not, it's early days. There's plenty of time for us to reconsider how we use it, how we build it. I'm not suggesting that we turn away from our devices, just that we develop a more self-aware relationship with them, with each other and with ourselves.
16:38
I see some first steps. Start thinking of solitude as a good thing. Make room for it. Find ways to demonstrate this as a value to your children. Create sacred spaces at home — the kitchen, the dining room — and reclaim them for conversation. Do the same thing at work. At work, we're so busy communicating that we often don't have time to think, we don't have time to talk, about the things that really matter. Change that. Most important, we all really need to listen to each other, including to the boring bits. Because it's when we stumble or hesitate or lose our words that we reveal ourselves to each other.
17:29
Technology is making a bid to redefine human connection — how we care for each other, how we care for ourselves — but it's also giving us the opportunity to affirm our values and our direction. I'm optimistic. We have everything we need to start. We have each other. And we have the greatest chance of success if we recognize our vulnerability. That we listen when technology says it will take something complicated and promises something simpler.
18:07
So in my work, I hear that life is hard, relationships are filled with risk. And then there's technology — simpler, hopeful, optimistic, ever-young. It's like calling in the cavalry. An ad campaign promises that online and with avatars, you can 'Finally, love your friends love your body, love your life, online and with avatars.' We're drawn to virtual romance, to computer games that seem like worlds, to the idea that robots, robots, will someday be our true companions. We spend an evening on the social network instead of going to the pub with friends.
18:55
But our fantasies of substitution have cost us. Now we all need to focus on the many, many ways technology can lead us back to our real lives, our own bodies, our own communities, our own politics, our own planet. They need us. Let's talk about how we can use digital technology, the technology of our dreams, to make this life the life we can love.
19:30
Thank you.
19:32
(Applause)0:11
幾分鐘之前 我的女兒 Rebecca 發(fā)了一條短信為我加油。 她說 “媽媽，你會震撼全場的！” 我太喜歡這個了 接到這條短信 就像得到了她的擁抱。 所以大家看到了 我自己 就處在這樣一個核心矛盾里。 我自己 非常喜歡收短信 但卻要告訴大家 太多的短信會成為一個大問題。
0:44
事實(shí)上，我的女兒 讓我想起了這個故事的開端。 1996年我第一次在 TED 演講的時候 Rebecca 只有5歲 她就坐在那里 最前排。 那時我剛剛寫了一本書 慶祝我們的網(wǎng)絡(luò)新生活 而且將要成為《連線》雜志 (Wired) 的封面人物。 在那些令人陶醉的日子里 我們體驗(yàn)著 網(wǎng)絡(luò)聊天室和在線虛擬社區(qū)。 我們正從不同的角度探索自己。 然后我們回到現(xiàn)實(shí)中來。 我對此感到非常興奮。 作為一個心理學(xué)家，最令我興奮的 就是這樣的理念： 我們會運(yùn)用我們在虛擬世界中 對自己，對我們自身認(rèn)同的了解 改善我們的現(xiàn)實(shí)生活。
1:38
現(xiàn)在讓我們快進(jìn)到2012年 我又重新回到了 TED 的講臺。 我的女兒已經(jīng)是一名20歲的大學(xué)生了。 她睡覺都抱著她的手機(jī)。 其實(shí)我也是。 我剛剛完成了一本新書， 但是這一本卻不會 讓我登上《連線》雜志 的封面。 那這十幾年間發(fā)生了什么呢？ 我仍然為科技而興奮 但是我相信 并且想要向大家說明 我們正在放任科技 它將我們帶向歧途。
2:17
在過去的15年間 我一直在研究移動通信技術(shù)的影響 并且訪問了成百上千的人， 年輕的或年長的 了解他們的“移動生活”。 我發(fā)現(xiàn) 我們口袋中 那些輕巧的電子設(shè)備 在心理學(xué)上有著如此強(qiáng)大的力量 它們不僅改變了我們的生活方式 也改變了我們本身。 我們現(xiàn)在用電子設(shè)備做的一些事情 在幾年前 還被認(rèn)為是稀奇 或讓人討厭， 但是很快大家就習(xí)以為常 ——只是我們的行事方式而已。
2:59
讓我們來舉幾個簡單的例子。 人們在公司的董事會議上 發(fā)短信或?qū)戉]件， 人們發(fā)短信，網(wǎng)購，瀏覽臉譜—— 上課時，聽報告時， 實(shí)際上在幾乎所有的會議時。 甚至有人告訴我一項(xiàng)重要的新技能—— 發(fā)短信時如何與別人 進(jìn)行眼神交流！ （笑） 他們說這雖然難 但還是可以做到的。 父母們在早餐和晚餐時 發(fā)短信和郵件 孩子們因此抱怨 父母對他們不夠關(guān)注。 但是同時這些孩子 也很少專心地與彼此相處。 這是一張我女兒和她朋友們 最近的照片， 她們雖然處在同樣的空間 確沒有真正地一起相處。 人們甚至在葬禮上發(fā)短信。 我研究這一現(xiàn)象： 我們需要別的東西 來分散我們的悲傷或者胡思亂想 所以我們需要玩手機(jī)。
4:04
這樣有什么問題嗎？ 我認(rèn)為這的確是個問題： 我們正在為自己挖陷阱， 這個陷阱無疑會影響 人與人之間的聯(lián)系， 同時也會影響 我們和自己的聯(lián)系， 降低我們認(rèn)識和反省自己的能力。 我們越來越習(xí)慣這種新的 '一起獨(dú)處” 的相處方式。 人們希望待在一起， 但是同時也 “在別處”—— 連線到他們想去的不同地方。 人們想要定制他們的生活， 想要在不同的場合和地點(diǎn)之間切換， 因?yàn)閷λ麄儊碚f最重要的是 控制和分配他們的精力。 例如你想去參加董事會議 但是只想關(guān)注你感興趣 的一小部分內(nèi)容。 有人認(rèn)為這是好事 但是長此以往， 人們就會對別人隱藏自己， 即便我們一直保持著彼此間的聯(lián)系。
5:04
一位50歲的商人 曾悲哀地告訴我 他覺得工作時不再有同事了。 他工作時不會停下來和別人說活。 他不打電話 他說他不想打斷他的同事， 因?yàn)?，他說：“ 他們都在忙著發(fā)郵件?！?但是然后他停下來， 他說：“ 其實(shí)我沒有說實(shí)話，” “ 我也不想讓別人打擾我。” “ 我覺得我應(yīng)該想（被打擾）的，” “ 但是實(shí)際上我更愿意用我的黑莓手機(jī)（聯(lián)系別人）?！?/span>
5:35
不管哪一代人， 我發(fā)現(xiàn)他們沒法從彼此那里得到足夠的關(guān)注—— 如果他們僅僅 將彼此保持在一種 可以控制的距離范圍里。 我把這種現(xiàn)象稱作 Goldilocks 適宜效應(yīng)： 不太近，也不太遠(yuǎn)， 剛剛好。 但是對于剛才那位中年商人來說 剛剛好的距離 對需要學(xué)會與人面對面交流的 青少年來說，卻可能太過疏遠(yuǎn)。 有一個18歲的孩子 他幾乎任何事情都用發(fā)短信解決， 他惆悵地跟我說 “總有一天， 但是當(dāng)然不是現(xiàn)在 我會學(xué)習(xí)一下如何跟人交談。”
6:22
我問人們 “為什么不面對面交談？” 他們回答說：“ 因?yàn)槊鎸γ娼徽?是實(shí)時發(fā)生的， 你沒法控制你要說什么?！?所以這才是最重要的： 發(fā)短信， 寫郵件，貼照片發(fā)狀態(tài) 所有這些 都能讓我們向別人呈現(xiàn)出我們想變成的樣子。 我們可以編輯 就是說我們可以刪除， 可以修改和潤色 我們的面容，聲音 甚至我們的整個形象 讓它不少也不多 剛剛好。
7:05
人類的關(guān)系非常豐富 也很復(fù)雜， 而且需要技巧和精力來處理。 我們現(xiàn)在可以用技術(shù)使它變簡便。 在我們做這種簡化時 一個很可能的問題就是 我們?yōu)榱撕啽愕穆?lián)系 放棄了面對面的交流。 我們這是自欺欺人。 長此以往 我們似乎忘記了這一點(diǎn) 或者沒有人在乎這一點(diǎn)了。
7:32
Stephen Colbert問過這樣一個 讓我猝不及防的 深刻的問題。 非常深刻。 他說：“ 難道那些 微小的簡短的 在線交流的片段 加在一起不能等同于 真正的交談嗎？” 我的回答是“不能”。 那些片段不能整合在一起。 以這種小片段的方式交流 可能可以收集到那些精心修飾過的信息， 可能表達(dá) “ 我在想你 ”， 甚至表達(dá) “我愛你”， 的確， 想象一下 接到女兒那條短信時我有多么高興。 但是那些小片段 很難讓我們互相了解， 真正地了解和理解對方。 我們在與彼此交談的同時 也學(xué)習(xí)著如何 同自己交流。 所以放棄面對面交談 確實(shí)有著很大的影響， 因?yàn)檫@會損害 我們自我反省的能力。 對于孩子們來說 這項(xiàng)能力是成長的一個重要的基石。
8:57
我一次又一次地聽到： “比起說話我更愿意發(fā)短信?！?我所看到的也是 人們?nèi)绱肆?xí)慣于自欺欺人， 逃離真實(shí)的交談， 如此習(xí)慣于逃向更少更淺的交流， 以至于他們幾乎越來越希望 躲開別人。 比如說， 很多人跟我講過這樣的愿望， 有一天，更高版本的Siri， （蘋果公司iphone的智能語音助手） 會更像一個好朋友， 一個當(dāng)別人都無暇顧及你時 還耐心聆聽的摯友。 我相信這樣的愿望 反映了過去15年間 我了解到的一個痛苦的事實(shí)： 那種 “沒有人愿意聽我傾訴” 的感覺 在我們與科技的關(guān)系里 起了重要的作用。 這是解釋了為什么我們這么喜歡 臉譜頁面 或者推特頁面。 上面有這么多自動生成的聽眾呀！ 而且那種沒人傾聽的感覺 使我們更愿意和 看似關(guān)心我們的機(jī)器待在一起。
10:03
我們在開發(fā)一種 被稱作“社會性機(jī)器人” 的產(chǎn)品， 它們是專門設(shè)計(jì)來 陪伴老人， 孩子， 甚至我們每個人的。 我們已經(jīng)對給予彼此關(guān)懷 毫無信心了嗎？（要轉(zhuǎn)而依賴機(jī)器人？） 我的有一項(xiàng)在 療養(yǎng)院進(jìn)行的研究， 我們把 “社會性機(jī)器人” 帶到療養(yǎng)院里 希望它們可以給予老人 被理解的溫暖感。 一天，我走進(jìn)療養(yǎng)院 看到一位失去孩子的婦女 正在對著 一個小海豹形狀的機(jī)器人說話。 這個機(jī)器人看上去像在看她的眼睛， 看上去像聽得懂她說話， 它可以給她安慰， 很多人都覺得這種技術(shù)很棒。
10:56
但是那位婦女居然在試圖讓 一個對人類的生活軌跡 毫無感受的機(jī)器理解她！ 那個機(jī)器人只是完成了一場很棒的表演。 我們是如此脆弱， 會把偽裝的同情和共鳴 當(dāng)作真的。 在那位婦女沉溺于 機(jī)器人帶給她的 偽裝的同情的時候， 我在想：“ 那個機(jī)器人不可能真正地同情?！?它不用面對死亡， 它也根本不懂人生。
11:33
看到這位從機(jī)器人的陪伴 中尋找安慰的婦女， 我一點(diǎn)都不覺得這技術(shù)先進(jìn)， 我發(fā)現(xiàn)那是我這15年的工作里 最復(fù)雜，最糾結(jié)，最不是滋味的時刻。 但是當(dāng)我退一步來看， 我感到自己就在 這場完美風(fēng)暴 冰冷無情的中心。 我們對于技術(shù)的期望越來越多 對彼此的期望卻越來越少。 我問自己： “為什么會這樣呢？”
12:07
我相信，原因是技術(shù) 最吸引我們的地方 正是我們最脆弱的一方面。 我們都很脆弱—— 我們很孤獨(dú) 卻又害怕親密的關(guān)系。 所以我們研發(fā)社交網(wǎng)站和 “社會性機(jī)器人” 這樣的技術(shù) 使我們可以在不需要真正友情的情況下 體驗(yàn)被關(guān)心和陪伴的幻覺。 我們借助技術(shù)找到和別人保持聯(lián)系的感覺 并且可以舒服地控制這種聯(lián)系。 但是其實(shí)我們并沒有這么舒服， 也沒能很好地控制。
12:41
如今，我們口袋中的手機(jī) 正在改變我們的想法和我們的心靈， 緣于它們帶來了三種 讓人興奮的錯覺 一，我們可以把精力分配到 任何我們想關(guān)注的地方； 二， 總會有人傾聽我們； 三，我們永遠(yuǎn)都不用獨(dú)自一人。 這第三種 “我們永遠(yuǎn)不用獨(dú)處” 的錯覺 對于改變我們的心理狀態(tài)是最關(guān)鍵的。 因?yàn)楫?dāng)人們獨(dú)處的時候， 即使只有幾秒鐘， 他們也會變得焦慮，恐慌，坐立難安， 因而轉(zhuǎn)向那些電子設(shè)備。 想想在人們在排隊(duì)的時候， 等紅燈的時候。 獨(dú)處像是變成了一個亟待解決的問題。 所以人們試著用聯(lián)系別人的方法解決它。 但是這種聯(lián)系 更像是一種癥狀而不是真正的治療。 它表達(dá)著我們的焦慮， 卻沒有解決根本的問題。 但是它又不僅僅是一種癥狀—— 頻繁的聯(lián)系改變著人們 對自己的理解。 它催生了一種的新的生活方式。
13:47
對此最好描述是， “我分享，故我在?！?我們用技術(shù)來定義自己， ——分享我們的想法和感覺， 甚至在我們剛剛產(chǎn)生這些想法的時候。 所以以前，情況是 我有了一個想法， 我想打電話告訴別人。 現(xiàn)在，事情變成了，我想要有個想法， 所以我需要發(fā)短信告訴別人。 這種 “我分享，故我在” 的問題在于 如果我們跟別人斷了聯(lián)系， 我們就感覺不再是自己了。 我們幾乎感覺不到自己的存在了。 所以我們怎么辦呢？ 我們的聯(lián)系越來越多。 但是與此同時 我們也把自己隔絕起來。
14:29
為什么聯(lián)系會導(dǎo)致隔絕呢？ 原因是 沒有培養(yǎng)獨(dú)處的能力—— 一種可以與外界分離， 集中自己的思想的能力。 在獨(dú)處中，你可以找到自己 這樣你才能很好的轉(zhuǎn)向別人， 與他們形成真正的聯(lián)系。 當(dāng)我們?nèi)狈Κ?dú)處能力的時候， 我們聯(lián)系別人僅僅是為了減少焦慮感 或者為了感覺到自己還活著。 這時候， 我們并不真正地欣賞別人， 而這好像是把他們當(dāng)作 支撐我們脆弱的自我感的 備用零件。 我們簡單地認(rèn)為總和別人保持聯(lián)系 就能讓我們不那么孤單。 但是這是有風(fēng)險的， 因?yàn)槭聦?shí)恰好相反。 如果我們不能夠獨(dú)處， 我們會更加孤單。 而如果我們不能教會我們的孩子獨(dú)處， 他們只能學(xué)會 如何體驗(yàn)孤獨(dú)。
15:33
1996年我在 TED 演講， 報告我關(guān)于 早期虛擬社區(qū)的研究時曾說： “那些對于網(wǎng)絡(luò)世界 最為投入的人 是帶著一種自我反省的精神上網(wǎng)的?！?這也是我現(xiàn)在想要呼吁的 我們需要一些反思，更甚者是，展開對話 討論我們目前對技術(shù)的應(yīng)用 會將我們帶向何方， 會讓我們失去什么。 我們被技術(shù)（帶來的錯覺）迷住了， 而且我們就像年輕的戀人一樣 害怕說太多話會毀掉浪漫的氣氛。 但是是時候該交談了。 數(shù)字技術(shù)伴隨我們長大， 所以我們也認(rèn)為技術(shù)已經(jīng)很成熟。 實(shí)則不然，它還在起步階段。 我們還有很多的時間 來反思我們應(yīng)當(dāng)如何應(yīng)用它， 如何發(fā)展它。 我并不是說 我們應(yīng)該拋棄我們的電子設(shè)備， 我只是建議我們應(yīng)當(dāng)與電子設(shè)備， 與別人，也與自己， 建立更加有自我意識的關(guān)系。
16:38
我們可以從這些方面開始改變： 把獨(dú)處 當(dāng)做一件好事， 為它留出空間。 向你的孩子們說明 獨(dú)處的價值。 在家里開辟出專門的空間， 例如廚房或者客廳， 用于和家人交談。 在工作中也可以這樣。 我們在工作時總是忙于（淺層的）聯(lián)系， 以至于沒有時間思考， 也沒有時間談?wù)?那些真正重要的事情。 是時候改變了。 最重要的是，我們真的需要聆聽彼此， 包括說的那些無聊的細(xì)節(jié)。 因?yàn)檎窃谖覀兘Y(jié)巴，遲疑， 找不到合適的詞的時候， 我們才向?qū)Ψ秸宫F(xiàn)出真實(shí)的自我。
17:29
技術(shù)正在試圖 重新定義人們的聯(lián)系—— 例如我們怎樣關(guān)心別人， 和關(guān)心自己—— 但是它也給了我們機(jī)會來 確認(rèn)我們的價值觀 和發(fā)展方向。 對此我很樂觀。 我們擁有做這種改變所需的一切。 我們身邊有彼此， 而且我們有很大的幾率成功， 只要我們意識到我們的脆弱性 ——我們會輕信 技術(shù)能 “將復(fù)雜的事情變簡單” 的這種脆弱性。
18:07
在我的工作中， 我常常聽到 “生活很難”， “人際關(guān)系充滿風(fēng)險” 云云。 然后技術(shù)出現(xiàn)了， 更簡單，充滿希望， 樂觀而充滿朝氣。 就像天降一位專家，解決所有煩惱。 一個系列廣告這樣說： 在線使用虛擬形象（avartar） 系統(tǒng)， 你 “最終就可以愛你的朋友， 愛你自己，愛你的生活， 如此簡單?！?我們被虛擬的愛情吸引， 被電腦游戲營造的奇幻世界吸引， 也被 “機(jī)器人將會變成我們 最好的伴侶” 的想法所吸引。 我們晚上泡在社交網(wǎng)站上， 而不是和現(xiàn)實(shí)中的朋友去酒吧玩。
18:55
但是我們對于這些 網(wǎng)絡(luò)替代品的幻想已經(jīng)使我們失去了很多。 如今，我們需要專注于找到 可以讓科技 將我們帶回 現(xiàn)實(shí)生活的方法—— 帶回到我們的身體，我們的圈子， 我們的社會，我們的政治， 我們自己的星球。 它們需要我們。 讓我們來關(guān)注和討論 如何運(yùn)用數(shù)字技術(shù)， 那些我們夢想的神奇技術(shù)， 來幫助我們回歸這樣的生活， 充滿愛的生活。
19:30
謝謝大家。
19:32
（掌聲）
小編微信，微信號：pzg19920401
更多英語演講視頻，關(guān)注公眾號
TED英語演說
聯(lián)系客服
