相信很多人都對Bob Dylan(鮑勃·迪倫)這個名字不陌生,他是美國著名的搖滾、民謠藝術家。鮑勃在高中的時候就組建了自己的樂隊。
1959年高中畢業(yè)后,就讀于明尼蘇達大學。在讀大學期間,對民謠產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣,于是開始在學校附近的民謠圈子里演出,并首度以鮑勃·迪倫作藝名(他的原名為Robert Allen Zimmerman)。
這次他獲得諾貝爾文學獎的消息一出,有些人就懵逼了,一個歌手能得玩文學玩到諾貝爾去?還有一些人是這么算他的:這次獲獎說明流行歌曲的文學價值被諾貝爾獎評委認為可以等同于“純文學作品”。大王看到這些評價只想說一句:excuse me?
其實,這次的獲獎并非諾貝爾為他的人生履歷上鍍金,而是他在為諾貝爾文學獎充值。Bob Dylan是流行文化的符號之一,雖然他也和其他所有的大師一樣有過曾屬于自己的黃金時代——上世紀六十年代(當時完全就是民謠界的“扛把子”),即使那輝煌的十年早已過去,但是他的歌曲影響了美國流行音樂甚至推動了華語音樂的進程。
他的歌詞其實就是一首首現(xiàn)代詩,為詩歌注入了新鮮的血液,催化了現(xiàn)代詩的心聲。很多做嚴肅音樂的老學究就不要再對Bob Dylan做出自己的臆斷了,因為只有你和他在同一高度有同一水平才有資格去評頭論足啊。
很多踏足音樂界的人無非是想通過音樂來功成名就,哪有那么多的純粹的音樂,這根本就養(yǎng)不活自己,填不飽肚子哪兒有功夫去和大把大把的“音樂人”耗。Bob Dylan卻是一個志存高遠不愿意被束縛住的人。
他的身上有一種不拘泥于傳統(tǒng),無論身于何種困境或者處境,都會馬不停蹄向前奔跑的精神。而這種精神也被后來許多的搖滾音樂人繼承了下來。
當諾貝爾的委員會宣布他獲得文學獎之后,老爺子當天在拉斯維加斯舉行演唱會,對于獎項的事情只字未提。委員會也表示,他根本就不叼我們啊。因為Bob Dylan一直沒有任何回應也聯(lián)系不上他。
其實,他早在1996年的時候就已經(jīng)被提名為諾貝爾文學獎了,而翻看他之前所獲得的獎項包括普利策,格萊美等各種大獎,噴子們可以暫時shut up了。
獲獎記錄
時間
屆次
獲得獎項
2016
諾貝爾獎諾貝爾文學獎(獲獎)
200892普利策獎特別榮譽獎(獲獎)
200618格萊美獎最佳搖滾歌手(獲獎)
200648格萊美獎最佳當代民謠專輯(獲獎)
200634格萊美名人堂
2006
諾貝爾獎諾貝爾文學獎(提名)
200230格萊美名人堂
200230格萊美名人堂
200143格萊美獎最佳當代民謠專輯(獲獎)
200159金球獎最佳原創(chuàng)歌曲獎(獲獎)
200072奧斯卡獎最佳原創(chuàng)歌曲(獲獎)
199927格萊美名人堂
199826格萊美名人堂
199739格萊美獎最佳搖滾男歌手(獲獎)
199739格萊美獎年度最佳專輯(獲獎)
199739格萊美獎最佳當代民謠專輯(獲獎)
1996
諾貝爾獎諾貝爾文學獎(提名)
199436格萊美獎最佳傳統(tǒng)民謠(獲獎)
199422格萊美名人堂
199133格萊美獎終身成就獎(獲獎)
1990
法國藝術勛章軍團騎士(獲獎)
198931格萊美獎最佳搖滾演唱組(獲獎)
197315格萊美獎年度專輯獎
19635格萊美獎最佳民謠錄音
在頒獎典禮上,老爺子依舊沒有現(xiàn)身,但是卻準備了一篇獲獎感言由美國駐瑞典的大使代為朗讀。
Good evening, everyone. I extend my warmest greetings to the members of the Swedish Academy and to all of the other distinguished guests in attendance tonight.
I'm sorry I can't be with you in person, but please know that I am most definitely with you in spirit and honored to be receiving such a prestigious prize. Being awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature is something I never could have imagined or seen coming.
From an early age, I've been familiar with and reading and absorbing the works of those who were deemed worthy of such a distinction: Kipling, Shaw, Thomas Mann, Pearl Buck, Albert Camus, Hemingway. These giants of literature whose works are taught in the schoolroom, housed in libraries around the world and spoken of in reverent tones have always made a deep impression. That I now join the names on such a list is truly beyond words.
I don't know if these men and women ever thought of the Nobel honor for themselves, but I suppose that anyone writing a book, or a poem, or a play anywhere in the world might harbor that secret dream deep down inside. It's probably buried so deep that they don't even know it's there.
If someone had ever told me that I had the slightest chance of winning the Nobel Prize, I would have to think that I'd have about the same odds as standing on the moon. In fact, during the year I was born and for a few years after, there wasn't anyone in the world who was considered good enough to win this Nobel Prize. So, I recognize that I am in very rare company, to say the least.
I was out on the road when I received this surprising news, and it took me more than a few minutes to properly process it. I began to think about William Shakespeare, the great literary figure. I would reckon he thought of himself as a dramatist. The thought that he was writing literature couldn't have entered his head. His words were written for the stage. Meant to be spoken not read.
When he was writing Hamlet, I'm sure he was thinking about a lot of different things: 'Who're the right actors for these roles?' 'How should this be staged?' 'Do I really want to set this in Denmark?' His creative vision and ambitions were no doubt at the forefront of his mind, but there were also more mundane matters to consider and deal with. 'Is the financing in place?' 'Are there enough good seats for my patrons?' 'Where am I going to get a human skull?' I would bet that the farthest thing from Shakespeare's mind was the question 'Is this literature?'
When I started writing songs as a teenager, and even as I started to achieve some renown for my abilities, my aspirations for these songs only went so far. I thought they could be heard in coffee houses or bars, maybe later in places like Carnegie Hall, the London Palladium. If I was really dreaming big, maybe I could imagine getting to make a record and then hearing my songs on the radio. That was really the big prize in my mind. Making records and hearing your songs on the radio meant that you were reaching a big audience and that you might get to keep doing what you had set out to do.
Well, I've been doing what I set out to do for a long time, now. I've made dozens of records and played thousands of concerts all around the world. But it's my songs that are at the vital center of almost everything I do. They seemed to have found a place in the lives of many people throughout many different cultures and I'm grateful for that.
But there's one thing I must say. As a performer I've played for 50,000 people and I've played for 50 people and I can tell you that it is harder to play for 50 people. 50,000 people have a singular persona, not so with 50. Each person has an individual, separate identity, a world unto themselves. They can perceive things more clearly. Your honesty and how it relates to the depth of your talent is tried. The fact that the Nobel committee is so small is not lost on me.
But, like Shakespeare, I too am often occupied with the pursuit of my creative endeavors and dealing with all aspects of life's mundane matters. 'Who are the best musicians for these songs?' 'Am I recording in the right studio?' 'Is this song in the right key?' Some things never change, even in 400 years.
Not once have I ever had the time to ask myself, 'Are my songs literature?'
So, I do thank the Swedish Academy, both for taking the time to consider that very question, and, ultimately, for providing such a wonderful answer.
My best wishes to you all,
Bob Dylan.
各位晚上好。我向瑞典學院的成員和今晚所有出席宴會的尊貴來賓致以最熱烈的問候。
很抱歉我沒能到現(xiàn)場與諸位共享此刻,但請相信,在精神上,我絕對與你們同在,我深感榮幸能獲得如此聲望卓著的獎項。 被授予諾貝爾文學獎,是我從未想象過也沒有預見到的事情。
從小,我就熟悉、閱讀并充分汲取那些被認為值得獲得該項殊榮的人的作品,如吉卜林、蕭伯納、托馬斯·曼、賽珍珠、加繆、海明威。這些文學巨匠的著作在學堂上被講授、在世界各地圖書館中陳列、被被人們虔誠地談論著,它們給我留下了深刻的印象。如今能加入這樣的名列,我的心情無以言表。
我不知道,這些作家是否想過自己能獲得諾獎,但我猜想世界上任何一個著書寫詩、或創(chuàng)作戲劇的人,內(nèi)心深處都懷揣著這個秘密的夢想。這夢想埋藏得如此之深以至于他們自己都沒意識到它的存在。
如果有人告訴我,我有那么一絲希望能獲得諾獎,那我會認為這跟我能站在月球上的概率差不多。事實上,我出生的那一年和隨后的那些年,世界上幾乎沒有人是完全值得諾貝爾獎的,所以,我想,至少可以說我現(xiàn)在屬于一個非常少數(shù)的群體。
我是在世界巡演的過程中得知這一令人驚訝的消息的,我花了好一會兒去消化它。然后,我聯(lián)想到了莎士比亞這位文學偉人。我想他是把自己當一個寫劇本的來看待的,他怎么也不會想到自己是在創(chuàng)作文學。他的文字是為舞臺而生的,是為了言說而不是閱讀。
在寫《哈姆雷特》的時候,他一定在想這些問題,“誰適合演這些角色?”“這段要怎么在舞臺上展現(xiàn)出來?”“故事背景真的要設在丹麥嗎?”他富于創(chuàng)造的想象與野心毫無疑問是他思維最活躍的部分,但也有很多世俗瑣事要考慮和處理。 “資金到位了嗎?”“贊助人都能安排到好座位嗎?”“到哪里能弄到人的頭骨???”我打賭莎士比亞最不可能思考的問題就是:“這是文學嗎?”
我少年時代開始寫歌時,甚至當我因自己的才能而小有知名度時,我對這些歌曲的期待都十分很有限。我希望它們能在咖啡廳或酒吧被人聽到,或者將來能在卡內(nèi)基音樂廳,倫敦帕拉斯劇院這些地方被演唱。如果夢做得再大膽些,我希望我的音樂能被制作成唱片在電臺播放,這真是我心目中最好的獎賞了。錄唱片在電臺播放意味著你能接觸到更龐大的聽眾群體,而你也能按照自己的理想繼續(xù)走下去。
現(xiàn)在,我已經(jīng)朝著自己規(guī)劃的路走了很久了。我發(fā)行了幾十張唱片,在全球舉辦了上千場演唱會。但我的歌曲才是我所做一切的核心,它們似乎在不同文化的各類人群中產(chǎn)生了影響,對此我無限感激。
但有件事我必須要說,作為一個表演者,我為5萬人演唱過,也為50人演唱過,而為50個人表演難度更高。因為5萬人會融成單一人格,但50人不會。他們每個人都是一個鮮明的個體,不同的身份,自成一體。他們能更加清晰地感知事物。你的真誠以及它如何反應出你的才華和深度,都在經(jīng)受考驗。諾獎評委會的人數(shù)之少,我是清楚的。
然而,與莎士比亞一樣,我常常被音樂創(chuàng)作和日常雜事占據(jù)了大部分時間精力,“誰最適合演唱這些歌?”“這個錄音室錄音效果好嗎?”“這首歌的調子定對了嗎?”就算過了400年,有些事也不會變的。
但我從來沒有時間問過自己:“我的歌算文學嗎?”
所以,我真的要感謝瑞典文學院,不僅花時間思考這個問題,還最終給出了一個精彩的回答。
致以最好的祝福,
鮑勃·迪倫
相信看完這篇演講,無論你對Bob Dylan之前是否有過些許了解或者僅僅只是從別人口中聽說過他的名字而已,都會對他對于音樂、生活、生命的態(tài)度有一個大致的了解。
在1971年的時候,他其實出版過一本片面的,超現(xiàn)實主義的小說《塔蘭圖拉》。除了在音樂、文學方面的造詣,他也涉足于電影圈。1973年他參演了山姆.佩金帕的影片《帕特·加勒特和比利小子》。
在1977年鮑勃與妻子薩拉正式離婚,同年鮑勃又投入到另一次“滾雷”樂隊巡回演出中,并據(jù)此推出了一部長達4小時的影片《雷納多和克拉拉》,影片中還插入了一段由鮑勃表演的半自傳性的音樂會。
他沒有想過要成為誰,也沒有想過要超越誰,他僅僅隨著時代的潮流堅持了自我,用音樂作橋梁形成了一股改變?nèi)藗兒褪澜绲牧α俊?div style="height:15px;">
鮑勃·迪倫越是不代表誰,他的影響越大,那些總是想代表時代的人,越無法獲得持續(xù)性的影響,那個時代過去了,他們就過去了。鮑勃·迪倫的低調,他一直在堅持做演出,從他的第一首歌到現(xiàn)在,這中間一脈相承的音樂形式,反而給了我們深遠的影響。