形容詞和副詞比較級解析
形容詞是用來修飾、描述名詞或代詞的詞，主要用作定語、表語和補足語等。副詞是用來修飾動詞、形容詞、其他副詞、介詞短語或全句的詞。形容詞和副詞的比較級是高考考點之一，但是由于在高考中，同學(xué)們更加注重同位語、定語從句和非謂語動詞等的備考，則會容易復(fù)習(xí)形容詞和副詞的復(fù)習(xí)。其實，形容詞和副詞的考試也是高考的重要考點。今天，筆者對形容詞和副詞五個常見考點比較級進行歸納分析，希望對考生備考以及英語能力的提升有所幫助。
一、比較級和最高級的常見結(jié)構(gòu)
1. “the +比較級……, the +比較級“：表示 “越……越……”
The sooner you see a doctor, the better it is. 你越早看醫(yī)生越好。
The longer I waited， the less patient I became. 我等的越久就變得越不耐煩。
2. the +序數(shù)詞+最高級+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞： 表示“第幾大的”
This is the third most popular song of Michael Jackson.
這是邁克爾·杰克遜第三受歡迎的歌曲。
高考真題：
1. （01上海卷） In recent years travel companies have succeeded in selling us the idea that the further we go , ____ .
A. our holidays will be better B. our holiday will be the better
C. the better our holiday will be D. the better will our holiday be
2. （02上海卷） As far as I am concerned, education is about learning and the more you learn, ____.
A. the more for life you are equipped B. the more equipped for life you are
C. the more life you are equipped for D. you are equipped the more for life
答案：1. C 2. B
二、比較級和最高級的修飾語
1. 常見的比較級的修飾語有：much, a little, a great deal, far, by far, even, will, still, a bit, a little, rather, any, （far） larger than
This movie is far more interesting than I expected. 這部電影比我原想的有意思的多。
2. all the +比較級：愈來愈
I worked all the harder. 我工作愈來愈努力了。
3. 常見的最高級的修飾語有: 序數(shù)詞，by far, nearly, almost, by no means, not quite, not really 等
He is almost the best player. 他基本上是最好的選手。
4. any 修飾比較級只用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語從句
Can you do any better on this job? 你這件事情能不能做得更好些？
高考真題：
1. （06江蘇卷） I wish you’d do ____ talking and some more work. Thus things will become better.
A. a bit less B. any less C. much more D. a little more
2. （07 全國卷II ） After two years’ research, we now have a ____ better understanding of the disease.
A. very B. far C. fairly D. quite
3. （08全國卷I） You’re driving too fast. Can you drive ______?
A. more slowly a bit B. slowly a bit more
C. a bit more slowly D. slowly more bit
答案：1. A 2. B 3. C
三、表達倍數(shù)的常用結(jié)構(gòu)
1. 數(shù)詞+times+as+形容詞原級+as
This room is twice as big as that one. 這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。
2. 數(shù)詞+times+形容詞比較級+than
This room is twice bigger than that one. 這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。
3. 數(shù)詞+times+性質(zhì)名詞+of （性質(zhì)名詞主要有：length, size, height, weight, depth等）
This room is twice the size of that one. 這房間的面積是那間的兩倍。
4. （not）half+as+形容詞原級+as
This room is half as big as that one. 這房間的面積是那間的一半。
高考真題：
1. （03北京卷） Our neighbor has _____ours.
A. as a big house as B. as big a house as
C. the same big house as D. a house the same big as
2. （05 湖北卷）What a table ! I’ve never seen such a thing before .It is it is long.
A．half not as wide as B．wide not as half as
C．not half as wide as D．a(chǎn)s wide as not half
3. （08浙江卷） I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times____.
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
4. （08陜西卷） Ten years ago the population of our village was that of theirs.
A. as twice large as B. twice as large as
C. twice as much as D. as twice much as
5. （09四川卷）My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice ___ expensive .
A. as B. so C. too D. very
6. （09遼寧卷）Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost his.
A. as much twice as B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as D. as twice much as
7. （09四川卷）My uncle’s house in the downtown area is much smaller than ours , but it is twice ___ expensive .
A. as B. so C. too D. very
8. （09江西卷）According to statistics, a man is more than twice as likely to die of skin cancer ____a woman.
A. than B. such C. so D. as
9. （09遼寧卷）Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost _______ his.
A. as much twice as B. twice as much as
C. much as twice as D. as twice much as
10. （08浙江卷） I like this jacket better than that one, but it costs almost three times______.
A. as much B. as many C. so much D. so many
答案：1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A 6. B 7. A 8. D 9. B 10. A
四、比較級與冠詞的搭配
1. 不含than 的比較級前可加不定冠詞修飾，構(gòu)成“ a/an+比較級+單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞”表示 “一個更……的人/物”。
Why don’t you use a sharper knife? 你為什么不用一把更鋒利的刀呢？
2. 被比較者被明確特指時，比較級前面應(yīng)該加定冠詞“the”修飾。
Which is the younger one, Lily or Lucy? 哪一個年齡小一些，莉莉還是魯西？
高考真題：
1. （02 全國卷） Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has ___IQ.
A. a high B. a higher C. the higher D. the highest
2. （05山東卷）Mr. Smith owns ______ collection of coins than anyone else I have ever met.
A. larger B. a larger C. the larger D. a large
3. （06四川卷） ---Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
--- Yes. I’ve never been to ____ one before.
A. a more excited B. the most excited
C. a more exciting D. the most exciting
4. （06全國II卷） Your story is perfect; I’ve never heard ____ before.
A. the better one B. the best one C. a better one D. a good one
5. （06安徽卷） Of the two sisters, Betty is ____ one, and she is also the one who loves to be quite.
A. a younger B. a youngest C. the younger D. the youngest
答案：1. B 2. B 3. C 4. C 5. C
五、比較級和同級比較
1. as +原級+ as : 和…… 一樣
The room is as big as that one. 這間房子和那間一樣大。
2. as many/much/far/long as +具體數(shù)詞：到達某種程度
The number of the students in that school reaches as many as 4,000. 那所學(xué)校的學(xué)生數(shù)量多達4ooo人。
3. as… as 中間有名詞時采用以下格式：
1） as +形容詞+ a/an +單數(shù)名詞+as
He is as kind a person as his father. 他和他爸爸一樣都是善良的人。
2） as + many/much+不可數(shù)名詞/可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)+as
I can carry as much paper as you can. 你能搬多少紙，我也能。
I have as many books as you do. 我的書和你的一樣多。
高考真題：
1. （01 全國卷） It is generally believed that teaching is _____ it is a science.
A. as art much as B. much an art as
C. as an art much as D. as much an art as
2. （04上海卷）He speaks English well indeed, but of course not _____ a native speaker.
A. as fluent as B. more fluent than C. so fluently as D. much fluently than
3. （05 安徽卷）John is the tallest boy in the class, _______ according to himself.
A. five foot eight as tall as B. as tall as five foot eight
C. as five foot eight tall as D. as tall five foot eight as
4. （06上海卷） A typhoon swept across this area with heavy rains and winds ____ strong as 113 miles per hour.
A. too B. very C. so D. as
答案：1. D 2. A 3. B 4. D
形容詞和副詞的比較級看起來復(fù)雜，其實只要掌握其中規(guī)律，理清頭緒，就比較容易掌握了。同學(xué)們一定要反復(fù)牢記規(guī)則，真正理解，并通過做練習(xí)來鞏固。
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