篁嶺坐落在江西省婺源縣東北部，是一座有著500米海拔、距今已近六百年歷史的徽州古村。以優(yōu)美的生態(tài)環(huán)境和經(jīng)典的徽派建筑群而被外界贊譽(yù)為“中國(guó)最美的鄉(xiāng)村”，也是悠久聞名的“曬秋”文化起源地。Located on the northeast of Wuyuan County, Jiangxi Province, Huangling is an ancient village in Huizhou, with an altitude of 500m and a history of nearly 600 years. It is known as “the most beautiful village in China” for its charming ecological environment and classic Hui-style building clusters, and also the birthplace of the time-honored and well-known “Shaiqiu” culture (grains dried by exposure to the sun). 但在快速城市化和鄉(xiāng)村空心化的背景下，村落古建筑多處于“自生自滅”的現(xiàn)狀，空宅任其倒塌重建。2017年6月，婺源更遭遇了百年不遇的洪災(zāi)，篁嶺也未能幸免，村內(nèi)多處山體滑坡造成許多植被沖毀，對(duì)環(huán)境帶來(lái)了難以修復(fù)的破壞。篁嶺改造項(xiàng)目既要針對(duì)性地恢復(fù)水毀的植被和環(huán)境，又需從全局視角實(shí)現(xiàn)老村莊肌理的整體煥新與和諧完善。But in the context of faster urbanization and fewer villagers in rural areas, many ancient buildings of the village tended to perish, and uninhabited residences faced collapse or reconstruction. In June 2017, Wuyuan County suffered the worst flood in 100 years, and Huangling Village was not spared. Many landslides destroyed the vegetation in the village and brought irreparable damage to the environment. In response, the project is intended to restore the vegetation and environment ruined by floods, whilst also rejuvenating and improving the fabrics of the old village from an overall perspective.作為兼顧保護(hù)性修繕與創(chuàng)造性更新的復(fù)雜鄉(xiāng)建，篁嶺項(xiàng)目包含防水與引水工程、業(yè)態(tài)房屋基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施、古宅修復(fù)與新宅建造在內(nèi)的一系列建筑及景觀優(yōu)化措施。地質(zhì)災(zāi)害造成了黃土碎石雍塞山谷，施工難度大，交通運(yùn)輸非常困難。It is a complicated rural project that takes into account both protective repair and creative renewal, including a series of architecture and landscape optimization measures like flood prevention and water diversion engineering, residential ancillary facilities, old residences restoration, and new houses construction. Geological difficulties posed great difficulties for construction and transportation, because loess and broken stones clog the valley. 水利項(xiàng)目歷時(shí)2年，80%的工程由人工肩挑手提完成，形成完整的水系并改變當(dāng)?shù)厝彼臍v史。對(duì)村內(nèi)道路交通進(jìn)行科學(xué)改造與梳理，結(jié)合修舊如舊的建筑體系復(fù)建和精心打造的大地藝術(shù)景觀，整個(gè)村落似重生般有機(jī)生長(zhǎng)于自然之中。The water conservancy program took two years, 80% of which was finished over the shoulders or by hands, forming a complete water system to get over water shortage. In addition, the project scientifically transforms and organizes the roads in the village, restores old-style architecture, and elaborately creates ground art landscapes, making the whole village seem to grow organically in nature. Relocation & local adaptation當(dāng)涉及古村落與古建筑存續(xù)的時(shí)代議題，關(guān)鍵在于平衡“原真性”保護(hù)與“帶動(dòng)性”開(kāi)發(fā)之間的價(jià)值考量。落位到篁嶺項(xiàng)目，老村莊歷經(jīng)歲月侵蝕，一部分房屋倒塌腐爛形成許多空置地基，破壞了村莊的整體性，年久失修的空宅亦被任其倒塌重建，獨(dú)特的古建資源陷入快速消失的險(xiǎn)境。Balancing “original” protection and “driving” development is the key to the protection of the ancient architecture and village. Some houses in the Huangling Village collapsed and decayed over the years, and caused many vacant foundations, which broke the integrity of the village. Uninhabited old residences in disrepair approached collapse or reconstruction, and the unique ancient architectural resources were in danger of quick disappearance. 項(xiàng)目基于保護(hù)婺源的優(yōu)秀古民居，結(jié)合鄉(xiāng)村本土遺存的開(kāi)發(fā)定位，獨(dú)創(chuàng)了一整套古建異地搬遷改造方式，將縣域內(nèi)瀕臨腐爛倒塌的典型徽派古建，通過(guò)技術(shù)整體搬遷并集中整理和原樣復(fù)建。Based on the positioning of protecting good ancient dwellings in Wuyuan County and developing local rural remains, the project innovatively creates the relocation and conversion method for ancient architecture, and adopts technology to relocate, arrange and restore local typical Hui-style ancient buildings on the verge of decay and collapse. 傳統(tǒng)的民宅與公共建筑構(gòu)成完整的徽州村落建筑體系，古建筑得到良好的修繕管理并創(chuàng)造現(xiàn)實(shí)價(jià)值，形成保護(hù)與利用的良性循環(huán)機(jī)制，差異化異地搬遷模式亦成為中國(guó)古建筑保護(hù)的樣本。Through tireless efforts, traditional residential and public buildings constitute an integrated Huizhou village architecture system, and meanwhile ancient constructions are well repaired and managed and create value, thereby forming a virtuous circle of protection and utilization. The differentiated relocation mode has become a model for the protection of ancient buildings in China.篁嶺枕山面水，屬于典型U字型聚落古村，民居圍繞水口呈扇形排布。引水項(xiàng)目選址在村口水口林之上，將水澗匯聚而成蓄水池，沿山埋設(shè)直徑160毫米的引水管至村頭總供水池，盡量避免開(kāi)挖山體，保護(hù)原有的生態(tài)環(huán)境。Embraced by mountains and water, Huangling is a typical U-shaped ancient village, with dwellings arranged around the mouth of water in fan shape. The water diversion program is situated on the forest at the entrance of village and the mouth of water. Water flows gather into a reservoir. Water diversion pipe with a diameter of 160mm buried in the mountain leads to the general water supply pool at the head of the village, which avoids excavating mountain and protects the original ecological environment. 利用原山型高差預(yù)留疊水與瀑布的位置，在毛石混凝土基礎(chǔ)上澆筑15cm厚鋼筋混凝土層，面上覆防水布，確保工程完工后不會(huì)滲漏。房屋也依地形高差錯(cuò)落排布，人工開(kāi)挖孔樁水泥澆筑基礎(chǔ)，預(yù)埋各種管線，留好排水排污口。The position of stacked-stone water and waterfall is reserved according to the height difference and terrain. 15mm-thick reinforced concrete layer is poured on the rubble concrete foundation, with waterproof cloth covering the surface, with a view to ensuring no leakage after completion. Houses are organized in a staggered way also based on the height difference and topography. Hole and pile are manually dug, the foundation is made of cement, various pipelines are embedded, and drainage and sewage outlets are reserved in advance.設(shè)計(jì)與建造過(guò)程遵循可持續(xù)原則，最大限度達(dá)成環(huán)境友好度與資源循環(huán)體系，盡量減少對(duì)原貌的破壞，讓修整的痕跡降到最低：諸如利用地形天然形成的高差并根據(jù)原有山溝的走向，將山泉水導(dǎo)入村莊，形成完整的水系；The design and construction process follows the sustainable principle, maximizes the environmental friendliness and resource circulation, and minimizes the damage to the original village appearance as well as the traces of repair. For example, the spring water on the mountain is introduced into the village by making use of the natural height difference caused by terrain and the direction of the original gully, thus producing a complete water system.利用場(chǎng)地上原有的材料紅土、毛石等，結(jié)合傳統(tǒng)的建筑工藝，新建多樣化原生態(tài)的建筑風(fēng)貌；用老舊的石板鋪地面，鑲貼卵石，古樸靈動(dòng)與整個(gè)村落氛圍相協(xié)調(diào)。不同的建筑、景觀及空間要素調(diào)和為疏密有致而互補(bǔ)增益的環(huán)境舒適度。The project employs the original materials on the site such as red soil and rubble and traditional construction techniques to create a new, diversified and ecological architectural appearance. The ground is paved by old-style stone slabs and inlaid with pebbles, which is quaint and dynamic and harmonizes with the village atmosphere. Architectural, landscape and spatial elements are integrated and create a rhythmic, complementary and comfortable environment.鄉(xiāng)村改建旨在探討并完善人和時(shí)間、空間的關(guān)系，氤氳在嶺谷交錯(cuò)、溪水回環(huán)間的篁嶺村落，最具特色的民俗景觀就是“曬秋”。祖輩起，篁嶺村民用平和心態(tài)與“地?zé)o三尺平”的崎嶇地形“交流”，將一年勞作成果用竹篩匾晾曬，既不占地方又便于收藏。The rural reconstruction project aims to explore and improve the relationship between people and time and space. Huangling, a village which is intersected with spectacular mountain and valley and has tortuous creeks, enjoys the most characteristic folk landscape “Shaiqiu”. Since ancient times, local villagers have peacefully “communicated” with the rugged terrain, and exposed their harvested crops on bamboo sieves to the sun in autumn, which is space-efficient and also convenient for collection. 圍繞這個(gè)主題盡量將此人文符號(hào)放大，用美術(shù)的眼光與技法進(jìn)行藝術(shù)化打造，在保留和維護(hù)傳統(tǒng)空間肌理與建筑風(fēng)貌的前提下，對(duì)古村進(jìn)行內(nèi)涵挖掘和文化灌注。Centering on this theme, the project amplifies this cultural symbol by adopting artistic vision and techniques. Besides, on the premise of preserving and maintaining the traditional spatial fabrics and architectural style, it digs into the connotation of this ancient village and infuses culture into it. 時(shí)光刻印的徽式民居土磚外墻與不斷更新的所曬之物，濃縮成為人與自然和諧相處的生活日常，活化的一系列農(nóng)俗與市井文化還原出獨(dú)特表情的精神棲息地。The earthen brick exterior walls of Hui-style residences featuring the trace of time and the constantly updated objects dried by exposure to the sun reflect the local daily life in which human live in harmony with nature, and create a spiritual habitat with unique expressions, where agricultural customs are activated and street and alley culture is restored. 古民居的混合式構(gòu)架與錯(cuò)落有致的梯田和山水勝景，融合為色彩與形狀對(duì)比強(qiáng)烈的大地藝術(shù)景觀。周邊萬(wàn)畝梯田以前是荒廢的田地，重新種上了適應(yīng)江南本土環(huán)境的油菜花和水稻，經(jīng)由層層疊疊的生態(tài)景觀再造而宛若“打翻的顏料桶”。村落原有菜地果園也恢復(fù)種植果蔬，村內(nèi)與周邊種植各色樹(shù)種，使村落四季變換不同花海風(fēng)情。The mixed frame of ancient dwellings, the staggered terraced fields and the picturesque natural sceneries are integrated into ground art landscapes whose colors strongly contrast with shapes. The large-scale terraced fields around used to be abandoned, but now they are planted with rapeseed flowers and rice that are adapted to the local Jiangnan-featured environment. With layered ecological landscapes, the terraced fields appear like an “overturned paint bucket”. The original vegetable fields and orchards in the village also resume being planted with fruits and vegetables. A variety of colorful trees are grown in and around the village, forming the beautiful flower sea that varies with seasons.
項(xiàng)目信息
項(xiàng)目名稱(chēng)：篁嶺古村景觀改造
設(shè)計(jì)單位：婺源縣村莊文化傳媒有限公司
本站僅提供存儲(chǔ)服務(wù)，所有內(nèi)容均由用戶發(fā)布，如發(fā)現(xiàn)有害或侵權(quán)內(nèi)容，請(qǐng)
點(diǎn)擊舉報(bào)。
