中國學(xué)生英文習(xí)作欠佳的原因之一就是受東方思維模式及漢語語言特點(diǎn)的干擾，因此，同學(xué)們必須注意的是—
1． 注意英漢語言特點(diǎn)的差異。
2． 注意英漢思維模式的差異。
英漢語言特點(diǎn)差異簡析：
(1)漢語重簡約（句子一般不太長，修飾成分不宜過長、過多。）
英語重結(jié)構(gòu)（組織語言有嚴(yán)格的語法規(guī)則束縛，修飾詞語：從句、短語等有時(shí)較長。）
如：她是一名中學(xué)生，她來自美麗的海濱城市汕頭。
She’s a middle school student, who comes from Shantou, a beautiful coastal city.
(2) 漢語重意合（語法隱性，句子之間的關(guān)系、層次即使不用銜接詞連接，讀者也能理解其邏輯關(guān)系。）
英語重形合（語法顯性，句子之間需使用銜接詞，有時(shí)段落之間也要使用過渡詞連接。）
如：兩代人成長于不同時(shí)代，有不同的喜好，鮮有共同話題。
Because (As) the two generations have grown up at different times, they have different likes and dislikes, and thus have little in common to talk about。
(3)漢語多具體（重形象思維，多用動詞、形容詞）
英語多抽象（重抽象思維，多用抽象名詞和介詞。）
如：聽到這個(gè)消息，他非常驚慌。At the news, he was quite alarmed.
(4)漢語多主動，英語多被動。
如：大家都知道臺灣是中國的領(lǐng)土。
It’s known that Taiwan is part of China.
(5)漢語多后重心（先說細(xì)節(jié)，再說結(jié)果。）
英語多前重心（先說結(jié)果，后說細(xì)節(jié)。）
如：讓人們意識到保護(hù)野生動物的重要性是非常必要的。
It’s necessary to make people aware of the importance of protecting the wild.
(6)漢語論述較主觀（作者是所述問題的參與者，極力把自己的感受傳達(dá)給讀者，個(gè)人傾向較明顯。）
英語論述較客觀（作者是觀察者、旁觀者，通過各種論證、分析手法的運(yùn)用，自然得出結(jié)論以證明自己的觀點(diǎn)。）
常用實(shí)用句型
Ⅰ.介紹某地（國家、城市、家鄉(xiāng)、建筑等）
1.某地 自從……時(shí)間以來發(fā)生了巨大變化
Great changes have taken place in … since …
2.某物（建筑等）給某地帶來了……
Sth. has brought great changes/benefits/loss to …
(since it was built/completed in …)
3.……有（歷史、人口、面積等）
… is a city/country with a history of …(years)
… has a history/a population of …
… covers/has an area of …
4.它的長（寬、高、深等）是（有）…
It is …（數(shù)量詞） long (in length)
deep (in depth)
wide ( in width)
tall ( in height)
big/large (in size)
5. 一些細(xì)節(jié)描述,如:
(1) When you come to/ enter …, you can/will see … on the left/right/south.
(2) Behind/ Between/ In front of the … there is(are)…
(3) Sth. faces the north/ west/ east/ south.
(4) South/North/West/East of the … is a/the …
Ⅱ.常見說明文：
1．圖表型作文常用句型：
A. 總趨勢的
1） As can be seen from the bar/chart(圖/表) ……
2） It can be concluded from the bar/chart ……
3） There is a significant/great difference between ……
4） There is a sharp contrast between ……
B．二者對比的
1）The number/figure/percentage has increased compared with…
dropped
2）A is twice/3 times as much as …
faster than …
3）By comparing with 1999, A is(has) more/less …
C．上升下降、增加減少
1）A increased/rose/grew steadily (sharply, slightly)
2）A dropped/declined/fell/reduced ……
3）There is (was) an increase
a rise of ……
a decrease
a decline/a drop
2．論說文：
A．比較型：1）有人認(rèn)為/喜歡……
2）還有人認(rèn)為/喜歡……
Nowadays, there are different opinions/views on…
two ways to do ……，
There used to be a heated discussion over ……
A is always …… while B ……
With A doing ……，B (is) usually ……
People in favor of …… always think that ……
argue that……
Some people (students) prefer ……，but others ……
3）我的觀點(diǎn)
As for me, both … and … have advantages and disavntages.
In my opinion/in my point of view, I like/prefer …
B．分析型：
1）分析現(xiàn)象，列舉具體表現(xiàn)。
Nowadays, the influence of … proves to be profound.
Nowadays there are many examples of … in society.
there is a common phenomenon
Sth. is getting increasingly serious. Are there any possible (ways) approaches to this problem?
… is/are very popular now in/among …
As is known to all, …
Now people are more concerned about …
2）分析好/不良后果，按重要性遞增、或減弱。
There are probably a number (some/three) reasons for …
The reasons/causes/factors are as follows.
To begin with, studying abroad enables students to ….
What’s more/Further more/Besides …
First of all/Most importantly, …. Then …. Last/Finally …
3）總結(jié)，提出具體做法。
Briefly/In brief/In a word, I agree that …
There is no doubt that … (enough concern must be paid to the problem of …)
Therefore, I strongly advocate sth/doing sth/that …
As a result, we should …. Only in this way can we …
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