一、共頂點(diǎn)等線段
條件:△ABC∽△ADE且AB=AC
解析:連接對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)BD、CE并延長(zhǎng),相交于點(diǎn)F,△ABC∽△ADE,AB=AC→AD=AC,∠BAC=∠DAE→∠BAD=∠CAE→△ABD≌△ACE
→BD=CE,∠ABD=∠ACE→∠BFC=∠BAC.
當(dāng)△ADE繞點(diǎn)A旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),因?yàn)椤螧FC=∠BAC,所以A、B、C、F四點(diǎn)共圓,點(diǎn)F的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡為△ABC的外接圓的一部分.
結(jié)論:1、△ABD≌△ACE 2、BD=CE 3、A、B、C、F四點(diǎn)共圓
二、共頂點(diǎn)成比例線段
條件:△ABC∽△ADE且AB:AC=k
解析:連接對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)BD、CE并延長(zhǎng),相交于點(diǎn)F,△ABC∽△ADE,AB:AC=k→AD:AE=k,∠BAC=∠DAE→∠BAD=∠CAE
→△ABD∽△ACE→BD:CE=k,∠ABD=∠ACE→∠BFC=∠BAC.
當(dāng)△ADE繞點(diǎn)A旋轉(zhuǎn)時(shí),因?yàn)椤螧FC=∠BAC,所以A、B、C、F四點(diǎn)共圓,點(diǎn)F的運(yùn)動(dòng)軌跡為△ABC的外接圓的一部分.
結(jié)論:1、△ABD∽△ACE 2、BD:CE=k 3、A、B、C、F四點(diǎn)共圓
三、旋轉(zhuǎn)構(gòu)圖
條件:AB:AC=k
解析:將△ABD繞點(diǎn)A逆時(shí)針旋轉(zhuǎn)∠BAC的度數(shù)并按k倍縮放,使得AB旋轉(zhuǎn)到AC的位置,點(diǎn)B的對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)與點(diǎn)C重合,連接對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)DE.
△ABD∽△ACE→AB:AC=AD:AE,∠BAD=∠CAE→AB:AD=AC:AE,∠BAC=∠DAE→△ABC∽△ADE→BC:DE=k.
總結(jié):共頂點(diǎn)相似的一組三角形,兩組對(duì)應(yīng)點(diǎn)與頂點(diǎn)形成的新一組三角形相似,俗稱手拉手模型.
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