1.延續(xù)性動詞：how long，since，for，until / till等所在肯定句中的主句謂語要用延續(xù)性動詞(以下劃線部分)： We have been in Zhengzhou for ten years。
How long may I keep this novel? I’ve lived here since 2002.
Let’s wait until he comes back.. 但否定句中可用短暫性動詞，如下面的see與leave：
I haven’t seen you for a long time. They won’t leave until it stops raining。
另外，請觀察以下短暫性動詞轉(zhuǎn)換成延續(xù)性動詞的常見表達(dá)：
lose →be lost. start / begin to do→do go off→be off
start, begin→be on turn on→be on move to→live in
end→be over get, buy→have, own borrow→keep
die→be dead go out→be out fall asleep→be asleep
get / become + adj →be + adj. open(動詞，“打開”) →be open(形容詞，表狀態(tài))
arrive in, get to, reach→be in, stay in leave, go away (from)→be away (from)
如以下例子的劃線部分(并注意黑體部分的變化)：
The dog died five hours ago. →The dog has been dead for five hours。
I lost my dictionary two weeks ago. →My dictionary has been lost since two weeks ago。
He began to teach English last year. →.He has taught English for one year。
Lucy arrived in Beijing the day before yesterday. →Lucy has been in Beijing for two days。
I bought this bike six months ago. →I have owned this book since six months ago。
My friend borrowed the book last month. →My friend has kept the book for a month。
He left Beijing in 1990. →He has been away from Beijing since 1990.
(注意以上的“for + 時(shí)間段”與“since + 時(shí)間段 + ago”或“since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn)”可互換)
2.all / each / both / none / either / neither不定代詞或形容詞的用法：
1All boys / All of the boys are from China. (all 若接可數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)， 謂語也用復(fù)數(shù)。)
All of the water is polluted. (若接不可數(shù)，謂語用單數(shù)。)
2Each boy / Each of the boys has a different bag。
each接名詞單數(shù)或接of + 限定詞+復(fù)數(shù)，其后謂語都用單數(shù)。
3Both of the twins are clever. 后面謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。
4None of the students has / have been there before。
none +of +限定詞+復(fù)數(shù)， 謂語用單、復(fù)數(shù)都可。另見88.
5-When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday?
-Either day is OK. / Either of the days is OK. 謂語用單數(shù)。
6-When shall we meet, Saturday or Sunday?
—11—
-Sorry, I have to look after my mother these two days. That is, neither time is OK. / neither of the days is OK. 謂語用單數(shù)。
【 all / each / none分別指三者或更多中的“都” / “每一個(gè)”/“沒有一個(gè)”。
both / either / neither分別指兩者中“都”/“任何一個(gè)”/“沒有一個(gè)” 】
3.計(jì)量表達(dá)法：數(shù)量+單位+形容詞。 The street is two kilometers long。
That boy can jump four meters away。(此處不用far, 見49) The fish is five kilos heavy。
The street is forty meters wide. This baby is only six months old。
若計(jì)量表達(dá)的后面跟有名詞，則要用連字符，單位不用復(fù)數(shù)。
They dug an eight-meter-deep hole. /. I bought a 10-kilo-heavy fish。
It’s a piece of 2-meter-thick ice. / They built a 50-meter-wide street。
It’s a two-month holiday. She is a three-child mother. (最后兩句計(jì)量中省略了形容詞)
4. Must I / May I / Need I …? 用法：1Must I …? “我必須…嗎？”
A: Must I finish the work? B: Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t。
2 Need I…? “我有必要…嗎？”或“我需要…嗎？”
A: Need I clean the house? B: Yes, you must. / No, you needn’t。
3 May I …? “我可以…嗎？”表示請求。
A: May I go out for a walk now? B: Yes, you can. / No, you mustn’t / can’t。
5.hundred / thousand / million / billion: 前有具體數(shù)字，這些詞不加s及of. 如：
nine hundred people, ten thousand students等。
這些詞前若無具體數(shù)字，后加s和of. 如：
thousands of trees; many millions of people; hundreds of cars; billions of stars
但前若有several, 后常不加s和of：several million pounds
6.反意疑問句 (此處用QT表示反意疑問句后一部分內(nèi)容) 的部分用法：
1something, nothing, anything, everything作主語，QT主語用it。
Something is wrong, isn’t it? / Nothing is difficult, is it?
2當(dāng)主句中think的主語是第一人稱時(shí)，QT要結(jié)合think后的從句而定：
I think Lucy can do well in the exam, can’t she?
I don’t think he will come here on time, will he?
3祈使句的QT一般用will you?(包括let us …。。)， 而Let’s …用shall we?
Get up now, will you? Don’t be noisy, will you? Be quiet, will you?
Please don’t talk, will you? Let us do it now, will you? Don’t talk in class, will you?
Let’s do it now, shall we? Let’s sing a song, shall we?
4There be句型，QT主語用there。
—12—
There is a man working in the field, isn’t there?
There used to be a meeting on Friday, didn’t there?
There won’t be a movie in the theatre, will there?
7.put on, wear, dress, in: 1put on,“穿上”后接物。表行為，是短暫動詞。
You should put on your coat when you leave。
2wear,“穿，穿著”后接物，表狀態(tài)，是延續(xù)性動詞。
He always wears the yellow sweater in winter. I like wearing beautiful clothes。
3dress, “給…穿衣”后接人。You can dress yourself, baby。
Lucy is dressing her little brother now。
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