近些年，美國校園槍擊事件頻發(fā)，令不少美國有關(guān)部門思索，該如何確保在校學(xué)生的安全。近日，密歇根州弗林特市給出的辦法是：禁止背包。
A school district in Michigan has banned all backpacks from school buildings, in response to growing safety concerns.
據(jù)美媒報道，密歇根州弗林特市學(xué)校教育委員會發(fā)布了一項禁令，禁止學(xué)區(qū)內(nèi)的公立學(xué)校學(xué)生使用背包。禁令已經(jīng)于5月1日生效，有效期直到本學(xué)年結(jié)束。
Flint Community Schools announced last week that backpacks would be banned and the ban would be in place for the rest of the school year. The new policy went into effect on May 1.
學(xué)區(qū)負(fù)責(zé)人凱文·瓊斯在該學(xué)區(qū)網(wǎng)站上發(fā)布公開信，詳細(xì)解釋當(dāng)?shù)氐摹氨嘲摺薄?/p>
瓊斯在開頭就說道：“我們正盡其所能，為學(xué)生、家庭、教師和職工創(chuàng)造一個安全有保障的環(huán)境?！?/p>
'We are doing all that we can to create a safe and secure environment for our scholars, families, teachers and staff,' Superintendent Kevin Jones wrote in a letter posted on the school district's website.
瓊斯稱，為了達(dá)到這一目的，大家做出了艱難的決定：自5月1日起，禁止學(xué)區(qū)內(nèi)的學(xué)生攜帶背包進(jìn)入學(xué)校建筑。這一政策將貫穿整個剩余學(xué)年。
Effective Monday, May 1, scholars districtwide will not be allowed to bring backpacks into Flint Community Schools buildings. This policy will be in place through the remainder of the school year.
至于學(xué)生該如何攜帶所需物品，瓊斯寫道：
裝有個人物品（衛(wèi)生用品，錢包，鑰匙，手機(jī)等）的小手包，裝有運(yùn)動服的透明塑料包，以及飯盒都是可以帶的，只不過這些“包”都需要經(jīng)過檢查。如果學(xué)生背包入校，他們會被送到辦公室聯(lián)系家長或監(jiān)護(hù)人，然后把物品取走。辦公室不會保存這些物品。
Small purses with personal items (i.e., hygiene products, wallets, keys, phone, etc.), clear plastic bags with gym clothes, and lunchboxes will be allowed within reason. These bags will still be subject to search. If a scholar brings a backpack to school, they will be sent to the office where they will need to call a parent or guardian to pick up their belongings. The office will not hold this property.
瓊斯談及原因時寫道，全美出現(xiàn)了越來越多的危險行為，其中就包括校園案件中被帶入學(xué)校的武器。“而背包令學(xué)生更容易藏匿拆裝的武器，也讓藏在口袋里、書本里的武器難以發(fā)現(xiàn)。透明背包并不能完全解決這一問題。所以，通過禁止一切形式的背包，以及增加安保力量，我們可以更好的控制進(jìn)入教學(xué)樓的物品。”
Backpacks make it easier for students to hide weapons, which can be disassembled and harder to identify or hidden in pockets, inside books or under other items. Clear backpacks do not completely fix this issue. By banning backpacks altogether and adding an increased security presence across the district, we can better control what is being brought into our buildings.
2022年5月30日，在美國得克薩斯州南部尤瓦爾迪市發(fā)生槍擊事件的小學(xué)，人們悼念遇害者。
瓊斯稱這是個艱難決定，但是會立即帶來好處，讓“我們擁有本來就應(yīng)得的安全”。同時，這一政策也得到了教育部門和警方的批準(zhǔn)與支持。瓊斯也承認(rèn)，這些禁令會對學(xué)生家庭的日常行為產(chǎn)生影響。但是為了校園安全，“我們認(rèn)為這是最佳辦法”。
This is a difficult decision, but it is one that will immediately benefit our district and the safety of those we serve. This has been approved by the Flint Board of Education, the district’s administration and principals, with support from the Flint Police Department and other safety advocates. We have thought long and hard about this decision, knowing that it will impact how scholars and families prepare for their days and operations in the classroom. However, based on the issues we continue to see across the country regarding school safety, we believe that this is the best solution for those we serve.
據(jù)《紐約時報》報道，這一學(xué)區(qū)大約有2800名學(xué)生，有些家長和專家對新政策持有懷疑態(tài)度（skepticism），認(rèn)為如果真有人想攜帶武器進(jìn)入學(xué)校，藏在衣服下面也是一樣的。
而弗林特地區(qū)的“一刀切”措施的背后，反映出的是美國校園槍擊案件的巨大影響，以及控槍不力的后果?！都~約時報》的報道指出，2021年，距離弗林特30英里的牛津就發(fā)生過高中學(xué)生開槍打死4名學(xué)生的事件。
報道稱，隨著越來越多的槍支暴力摧毀美國校園，以及總統(tǒng)宣稱自己無力防范相關(guān)事件，一些“七拼八湊”簡單措施就顯得更加重要，比如要求背包透明，或者索性禁止一些背包等等。
As surging gun violence continues to devastate American classrooms and the president himself declared that he was powerless to prevent it, a patchwork of simple measures, including policies requiring clear backpacks or banning them altogether, have taken on heightened significance.
2018年4月2日，美國佛羅里達(dá)州帕克蘭，馬喬里·斯通曼·道格拉斯高中外，學(xué)生們背著透明的背包。這些書包是該學(xué)區(qū)在學(xué)校發(fā)生導(dǎo)致17人死亡的槍擊事件后采取的一系列安全措施之一。
美國其他地區(qū)也在推出類似的背包禁令，比如佛羅里達(dá)的奧卡拉，此前當(dāng)?shù)匾幻麑W(xué)生將一把看上去很逼真的玩具槍帶到了學(xué)校。
Backpack bans have been rolled out in other communities recently, including one put in place this week at an elementary school in Ocala, Fla., after a student brought in a toy gun that looked real, a spokesman for the district said.
此外，報道援引2022年美國國家教育統(tǒng)計中心及美國司法統(tǒng)計局的報告，數(shù)據(jù)顯示2020-21學(xué)年美國共發(fā)生93起校園槍擊事件，是2000-2001年以來最多的。
A 2022 report from the National Center for Education Statistics and the Bureau of Justice Statistics recorded a total of 93 school shootings during the 2020-21 school year, the highest since 2000-01.
綜合來源：ABC News，紐約時報，央視新聞
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